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WHAT IS CANCER?

A Comprehensive Guide to Understanding Cancer


A) THE DEFINITION OF CANCER

Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth and
spread of abnormal cells. If the spread is not controlled, it can result in
death. Cancer can start almost anywhere in the human body, which is made up of
trillions of cells.

Read more about cancer definition


B) DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CANCER CELLS AND NORMAL CELLS

 * Growth: Normal cells grow, divide, and die in an orderly manner. Cancer cells
   continue to grow and divide uncontrollably and do not die when they should.
 * Function: Normal cells perform specific functions that benefit the organism.
   Cancer cells may not perform these functions or may perform them
   inappropriately.
 * Structure: Cancer cells often have an abnormal shape and size compared to
   normal cells.
 * Communication: Normal cells respond to signals that regulate growth and
   division. Cancer cells ignore these signals.
 * Repair: Normal cells can repair DNA damage or die if the damage is too
   severe. Cancer cells may have defective repair mechanisms, allowing mutations
   to accumulate.

Read more about cell differences


C) HOW DOES CANCER DEVELOP?

Cancer develops through a multistep process that involves:

 1. Initiation: Genetic mutations occur in the DNA of a cell.
 2. Promotion: Mutated cells are stimulated to grow and divide.
 3. Progression: Cancer cells acquire additional mutations and become more
    aggressive and invasive.

Read more about cancer development


D) TYPES OF GENES THAT CAUSE CANCER

 * Oncogenes: Mutated forms of genes that normally help cells grow. When these
   genes are altered, they can become permanently activated and drive the
   uncontrolled growth of cancer cells.
 * Tumor Suppressor Genes: Genes that normally prevent cell division or cause
   cell death. When these genes are inactivated, cells can grow uncontrollably.
 * DNA Repair Genes: Genes involved in fixing damaged DNA. When these genes are
   mutated, the cell's ability to repair DNA is impaired, leading to more
   mutations.

Read more about cancer-causing genes


E) WHEN CANCER SPREADS

Metastasis is the process by which cancer cells spread from the place where they
first formed to other parts of the body. Cancer cells break away from the
original tumor, travel through the blood or lymphatic system, and form new
tumors in other organs or tissues.

Read more about cancer spread


F) TISSUE CHANGES THAT ARE NOT CANCER

 * Hyperplasia: An increase in the number of cells in an organ or tissue. These
   cells look normal under a microscope and are not cancerous, but they can
   become cancerous over time.
 * Dysplasia: Cells that look abnormal under a microscope but are not cancer.
   These cells are more likely than hyperplasia to become cancerous.
 * Benign Tumors: Non-cancerous growths that do not spread to other parts of the
   body and usually do not pose a serious health threat.

Read more about non-cancerous tissue changes


G) TYPES OF CANCER

 * Carcinomas: Cancers that begin in the skin or tissues that line or cover
   internal organs. Examples include breast cancer, lung cancer, and colorectal
   cancer.
 * Sarcomas: Cancers that begin in the bones, cartilage, fat, muscle, blood
   vessels, or other connective or supportive tissue.
 * Leukemias: Cancers that begin in the blood-forming tissue of the bone marrow
   and cause large numbers of abnormal blood cells to be produced and enter the
   bloodstream.
 * Lymphomas: Cancers that begin in the cells of the immune system.
 * Central Nervous System Cancers: Cancers that begin in the tissues of the
   brain and spinal cord.

Read more about types of cancer


DISCLAIMER

The information provided is for general informational purposes only and should
not be considered as medical advice. Always consult with a qualified healthcare
provider for medical concerns.




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 * Types of Cancer
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CONTACT US

Email: info@cancer.info.tr

Phone: (555) 123-4567

Address: 123 Health St, Medical City, MC 12345


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