latam.kaspersky.com
Open in
urlscan Pro
118.201.36.102
Public Scan
URL:
https://latam.kaspersky.com/resource-center/threats/types-of-malware
Submission Tags: demotag1 demotag2 Search All
Submission: On November 08 via api from IE — Scanned from US
Submission Tags: demotag1 demotag2 Search All
Submission: On November 08 via api from IE — Scanned from US
Form analysis 6 forms found in the DOM
<form>
<fieldset>
<legend class="visuallyhidden">Consent Selection</legend>
<div id="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyFieldsetInnerContainer">
<div class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonWrapper"><label class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonLabel" for="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonNecessary"><strong
class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonDescription">Necessary</strong></label>
<div class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonSliderWrapper CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonSliderWrapperDisabled"><input type="checkbox" id="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonNecessary"
class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButton CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonDisabled" disabled="disabled" checked="checked"> <span class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonSlider"></span></div>
</div>
<div class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonWrapper"><label class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonLabel" for="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonPreferences"><strong
class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonDescription">Preferences</strong></label>
<div class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonSliderWrapper"><input type="checkbox" id="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonPreferences" class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButton CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelConsentCheckbox"
data-target="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonPreferencesInline" checked="checked" tabindex="0"> <span class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonSlider"></span></div>
</div>
<div class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonWrapper"><label class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonLabel" for="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonStatistics"><strong
class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonDescription">Statistics</strong></label>
<div class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonSliderWrapper"><input type="checkbox" id="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonStatistics" class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButton CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelConsentCheckbox"
data-target="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonStatisticsInline" checked="checked" tabindex="0"> <span class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonSlider"></span></div>
</div>
<div class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonWrapper"><label class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonLabel" for="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonMarketing"><strong
class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonDescription">Marketing</strong></label>
<div class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonSliderWrapper"><input type="checkbox" id="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonMarketing" class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButton CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelConsentCheckbox"
data-target="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonMarketingInline" checked="checked" tabindex="0"> <span class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonSlider"></span></div>
</div>
</div>
</fieldset>
</form><form><input type="checkbox" id="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonNecessaryInline" class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButton CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonDisabled" disabled="disabled" checked="checked"> <span
class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonSlider"></span></form><form><input type="checkbox" id="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonPreferencesInline" class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButton CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelConsentCheckbox" data-target="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonPreferences"
checked="checked" tabindex="0"> <span class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonSlider"></span></form><form><input type="checkbox" id="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonStatisticsInline" class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButton CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelConsentCheckbox" data-target="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonStatistics"
checked="checked" tabindex="0"> <span class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonSlider"></span></form><form><input type="checkbox" id="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonMarketingInline" class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButton CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelConsentCheckbox" data-target="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonMarketing" checked="checked"
tabindex="0"> <span class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonSlider"></span></form><form class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonSliderWrapper"><input type="checkbox" id="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyContentCheckboxPersonalInformation" class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButton"> <span
class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonSlider"></span></form>Text Content
* Consent
* Details
* [#IABV2SETTINGS#]
* About
THIS WEBSITE USES COOKIES
We use cookies to personalise content and ads, to provide social media features
and to analyse our traffic. We also share information about your use of our site
with our social media, advertising and analytics partners who may combine it
with other information that you’ve provided to them or that they’ve collected
from your use of their services.
Consent Selection
Necessary
Preferences
Statistics
Marketing
Show details
* Necessary 77
Necessary cookies help make a website usable by enabling basic functions like
page navigation and access to secure areas of the website. The website cannot
function properly without these cookies.
* Amazon
3
Learn more about this provider
rc::bThis cookie is used to distinguish between humans and bots.
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: HTML Local Storage
rc::d-15#This cookie is used to distinguish between humans and bots.
Maximum Storage Duration: PersistentType: HTML Local Storage
rc::fThis cookie is used to distinguish between humans and bots.
Maximum Storage Duration: PersistentType: HTML Local Storage
* Cookiebot
1
Learn more about this provider
CookieConsentBulkSetting-#Enables cookie consent across multiple websites
Maximum Storage Duration: PersistentType: HTML Local Storage
* Criteo
1
Learn more about this provider
optoutIdentifies if the visitor has deselected any cookies, trackers or
other audience targeting tools.
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: HTTP Cookie
* Google
3
Learn more about this provider
Some of the data collected by this provider is for the purposes of
personalization and measuring advertising effectiveness.
_GRECAPTCHAThis cookie is used to distinguish between humans and bots.
This is beneficial for the website, in order to make valid reports on the
use of their website.
Maximum Storage Duration: 180 daysType: HTTP Cookie
ar_debug [x2]Checks whether a technical debugger-cookie is present.
Maximum Storage Duration: 3 monthsType: HTTP Cookie
* ID5
1
Learn more about this provider
gdprDetermines whether the visitor has accepted the cookie consent box.
This ensures that the cookie consent box will not be presented again upon
re-entry.
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: HTTP Cookie
* Kaspersky Lab
14
Learn more about this provider
AMCV_#Unique user ID that recognizes the user on returning visits
Maximum Storage Duration: 2 yearsType: HTTP Cookie
AMCVS_#AdobeOrgPending
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: HTTP Cookie
s_ccUsed to check if the user's browser supports cookies.
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: HTTP Cookie
testUsed to detect if the visitor has accepted the marketing category in
the cookie banner. This cookie is necessary for GDPR-compliance of the
website.
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: HTTP Cookie
gb.cors_readyPending
Maximum Storage Duration: PersistentType: HTML Local Storage
gb.performanceRecord.bychance.enabledPending
Maximum Storage Duration: PersistentType: HTML Local Storage
gb.performanceRecord.bychance.prev_thPending
Maximum Storage Duration: PersistentType: HTML Local Storage
gb.recording.bychance.enabledPending
Maximum Storage Duration: PersistentType: HTML Local Storage
gb.recording.bychance.prev_thPending
Maximum Storage Duration: PersistentType: HTML Local Storage
gb.sidPending
Maximum Storage Duration: PersistentType: HTML Local Storage
wpEmojiSettingsSupportsThis cookie is part of a bundle of cookies which
serve the purpose of content delivery and presentation. The cookies keep
the correct state of font, blog/picture sliders, color themes and other
website settings.
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: HTML Local Storage
_set_cookieThis cookie determines whether the browser accepts cookies.
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: Pixel Tracker
internaluid [x2]Pending
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: HTTP Cookie
* Nativo
1
Learn more about this provider
opt_outUsed to detect if the visitor has accepted the marketing category
in the cookie banner. This cookie is necessary for GDPR-compliance of the
website.
Maximum Storage Duration: 1 yearType: HTTP Cookie
* Vimeo
1
Learn more about this provider
_cfuvidThis cookie is a part of the services provided by Cloudflare -
Including load-balancing, deliverance of website content and serving DNS
connection for website operators.
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: HTTP Cookie
* Yandex
16
Learn more about this provider
_ym_dContains the date of the visitor's first visit to the website.
Maximum Storage Duration: 1 yearType: HTTP Cookie
_ym_isadThis cookie is used to determine if the visitor has any adblocker
software in their browser – this information can be used to make website
content inaccessible to visitors if the website is financed with
third-party advertisement.
Maximum Storage Duration: 1 dayType: HTTP Cookie
_ym_uidThis cookie is used to collect non-personal information on the
visitor's website behavior and non-personal visitor statistics.
Maximum Storage Duration: 1 yearType: HTTP Cookie
_ym_visorcSaves information of actions that have been carried out by the
user during the current visit to the website, including searches with
keywords included.
Maximum Storage Duration: 1 dayType: HTTP Cookie
sync_cookie_csrf [x2]Used in connection with the synchronisation between
the website and third-party Data Management Platform. The cookie serves to
monitor this process for security reasons.
Maximum Storage Duration: 1 dayType: HTTP Cookie
yabs-sid [x2]Registers data on visitors from multiple visits and on
multiple websites. This information is used to measure the efficiency of
advertisement on websites.
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: HTTP Cookie
_ym#_lsid [x2]Pending
Maximum Storage Duration: PersistentType: HTML Local Storage
_ym_retryReqs [x2]Registers statistical data on users' behaviour on the
website. Used for internal analytics by the website operator.
Maximum Storage Duration: PersistentType: HTML Local Storage
_ym_uid [x2]Collects data on the user’s navigation and behavior on the
website. This is used to compile statistical reports and heatmaps for the
website owner.
Maximum Storage Duration: PersistentType: HTML Local Storage
_ym3:0_reqNum [x2]Registers statistical data on users' behaviour on the
website. Used for internal analytics by the website operator.
Maximum Storage Duration: PersistentType: HTML Local Storage
* api-router.kaspersky-labs.com
content.kaspersky-labs.com
latam.kaspersky.com
www.kaspersky.es
10
country [x5]The cookie determines the preferred language and
country-setting of the visitor - This allows the website to show content
most relevant to that region and language.
Maximum Storage Duration: 1 dayType: HTTP Cookie
webserver_id [x5]Registers which server-cluster is serving the visitor.
This is used in context with load balancing, in order to optimize user
experience.
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: HTTP Cookie
* ban.2trk.info
1
JSESSIONIDPreserves users states across page requests.
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: HTTP Cookie
* c1001.report.gbss.io
1
ROUTEIDThis cookie is used in context with load balancing - This optimizes
the response rate between the visitor and the site, by distributing the
traffic load on multiple network links or servers.
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: HTTP Cookie
* consent.cookiebot.com
shop-lt.latam.kaspersky.com
4
CookieConsent [x4]Stores the user's cookie consent state for the current
domain
Maximum Storage Duration: 1 yearType: HTTP Cookie
* d.oracleinfinity.io
7
ORA_COOK_STOREPending
Maximum Storage Duration: PersistentType: HTML Local Storage
ORA_PERS_VISITOR_STATEPending
Maximum Storage Duration: PersistentType: HTML Local Storage
ORA_FPCPending
Maximum Storage Duration: 2 yearsType: HTTP Cookie
ORA_PERS [x2]Pending
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: HTTP Cookie
ORA_PPTDPending
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: HTTP Cookie
test_cookie#Pending
Maximum Storage Duration: 1 dayType: HTTP Cookie
* linkedin.com
app-sj06.marketo.com
vimeo.com
3
__cf_bm [x3]This cookie is used to distinguish between humans and bots.
This is beneficial for the website, in order to make valid reports on the
use of their website.
Maximum Storage Duration: 1 dayType: HTTP Cookie
* s.go-mpulse.net
1
RTThis cookie is used to identify the visitor through an application. This
allows the visitor to login to a website through their LinkedIn
application for example.
Maximum Storage Duration: 7 daysType: HTTP Cookie
* track.omguk.com
1
OMGIDPending
Maximum Storage Duration: 2 monthsType: HTTP Cookie
* yandex.com
yandex.ru
8
i [x2]Preserves users states across page requests.
Maximum Storage Duration: 400 daysType: HTTP Cookie
yandexuid [x2]Registers data on visitors' website-behaviour. This is used
for internal analysis and website optimization.
Maximum Storage Duration: 400 daysType: HTTP Cookie
ymex [x2]Registers data on visitors' website-behaviour. This is used for
internal analysis and website optimization.
Maximum Storage Duration: 1 yearType: HTTP Cookie
yuidss [x2]Collects data on visitor behaviour from multiple websites, in
order to present more relevant advertisement - This also allows the
website to limit the number of times that they are shown the same
advertisement.
Maximum Storage Duration: 1 yearType: HTTP Cookie
* Preferences 24
Preference cookies enable a website to remember information that changes the
way the website behaves or looks, like your preferred language or the region
that you are in.
* Amazon
1
Learn more about this provider
currencySaves the visitor's currency preferences.
Maximum Storage Duration: PersistentType: HTML Local Storage
* Kaspersky Lab
6
Learn more about this provider
scOpenPending
Maximum Storage Duration: 1 dayType: HTTP Cookie
ignoreredirectsPending
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: HTTP Cookie
additional_parametersPending
Maximum Storage Duration: 45 daysType: HTTP Cookie
guest_idPending
Maximum Storage Duration: 30 daysType: HTTP Cookie
is_not_first_initPending
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: HTTP Cookie
PHPSESSIDPreserves user session state across page requests.
Maximum Storage Duration: 30 daysType: HTTP Cookie
* YouTube
9
Learn more about this provider
ytidb::LAST_RESULT_ENTRY_KEYStores the user's video player preferences
using embedded YouTube video
Maximum Storage Duration: PersistentType: HTML Local Storage
YtIdbMeta#databasesUsed to track user’s interaction with embedded content.
Maximum Storage Duration: PersistentType: IndexedDB
yt-remote-cast-availableStores the user's video player preferences using
embedded YouTube video
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: HTML Local Storage
yt-remote-cast-installedStores the user's video player preferences using
embedded YouTube video
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: HTML Local Storage
yt-remote-connected-devicesStores the user's video player preferences
using embedded YouTube video
Maximum Storage Duration: PersistentType: HTML Local Storage
yt-remote-device-idStores the user's video player preferences using
embedded YouTube video
Maximum Storage Duration: PersistentType: HTML Local Storage
yt-remote-fast-check-periodStores the user's video player preferences
using embedded YouTube video
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: HTML Local Storage
yt-remote-session-appStores the user's video player preferences using
embedded YouTube video
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: HTML Local Storage
yt-remote-session-nameStores the user's video player preferences using
embedded YouTube video
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: HTML Local Storage
* pixel.adfyier.com
2
uCtrl2 [x2]Pending
Maximum Storage Duration: 1 dayType: HTTP Cookie
* plugins.soclminer.com.br
5
sm__session-guidPending
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: HTML Local Storage
sm__smCustomerInfo_00000000000000000000000000000000Pending
Maximum Storage Duration: PersistentType: HTML Local Storage
sm__smObj-922dd1e1d6d24cdd8a540c4597518647Pending
Maximum Storage Duration: PersistentType: HTML Local Storage
sm__smObj-ab3d25cd15da40938bd1342024eec90ePending
Maximum Storage Duration: PersistentType: HTML Local Storage
smcidPending
Maximum Storage Duration: PersistentType: HTML Local Storage
* track.omguk.com
1
OMGSessionPending
Maximum Storage Duration: 1 dayType: HTTP Cookie
* Statistics 30
Statistic cookies help website owners to understand how visitors interact
with websites by collecting and reporting information anonymously.
* Amazon
2
Learn more about this provider
rc::aThis cookie is used to distinguish between humans and bots. This is
beneficial for the website, in order to make valid reports on the use of
their website.
Maximum Storage Duration: PersistentType: HTML Local Storage
rc::cThis cookie is used to distinguish between humans and bots.
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: HTML Local Storage
* Google
2
Learn more about this provider
Some of the data collected by this provider is for the purposes of
personalization and measuring advertising effectiveness.
_gid [x2]Registers a unique ID that is used to generate statistical data
on how the visitor uses the website.
Maximum Storage Duration: 1 dayType: HTTP Cookie
* Kaspersky Lab
2
Learn more about this provider
FPGSIDRegisters statistical data on users' behaviour on the website. Used
for internal analytics by the website operator.
Maximum Storage Duration: 1 dayType: HTTP Cookie
s_ecidSets a unique ID for the visitor, that allows third party
advertisers to target the visitor with relevant advertisement. This
pairing service is provided by third party advertisement hubs, which
facilitates real-time bidding for advertisers.
Maximum Storage Duration: 400 daysType: HTTP Cookie
* Linkedin
1
Learn more about this provider
browser_idUsed to recognise the visitor's browser upon reentry on the
website.
Maximum Storage Duration: 5 yearsType: HTTP Cookie
* Media.net
2
Learn more about this provider
cksync.phpThis cookie is used to determine if cookie data synchronization
is enabled or disabled – cookie data synchronization is used to
synchronize and gather visitor data on several domains.
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: Pixel Tracker
visitor-idThis cookie is used to collect information on the visitor. This
information will be stored for internal analytics at the website's
operator – Internal analytics is used by websites to optimize their
domains.
Maximum Storage Duration: 1 yearType: HTTP Cookie
* Outbrain
2
Learn more about this provider
dicbo_id [x2]Collects statistics concerning the visitors' use of the
website and its general functionality. This is used to optimize and
compile reports on the website for comparison through a third party
analysis service.
Maximum Storage Duration: 1 dayType: HTTP Cookie
* Qualtrics
1
Learn more about this provider
QSI_HistorySessionThis cookie is used to determine when the visitor last
visited the different subpages on the website.
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: HTML Local Storage
* Yandex
3
Learn more about this provider
__ym_tab_guid [x2]Pending
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: HTML Local Storage
ypSets a unique ID for the session. This allows the website to obtain data
on visitor behaviour for statistical purposes.
Maximum Storage Duration: 400 daysType: HTTP Cookie
* c1001.report.gbss.io
1
_cls_cfgverStores data on the time spent on the website and its sub-pages,
during the current session.
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: HTTP Cookie
* c1001.report.gbss.io
cdn.gbqofs.com
4
_cls_s [x2]This cookie is used to detect errors on the website - this
information is sent to the website's support staff in order to optimize
the visitor's experience on the website.
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: HTTP Cookie
_cls_v [x2]This cookie is used to detect errors on the website - this
information is sent to the website's support staff in order to optimize
the visitor's experience on the website.
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: HTTP Cookie
* www.google-analytics.com
sgtm.kaspersky.com
5
_ga [x5]Registers a unique ID that is used to generate statistical data on
how the visitor uses the website.
Maximum Storage Duration: 2 yearsType: HTTP Cookie
* www.googletagmanager.com
sgtm.kaspersky.com
3
_ga_# [x3]Used by Google Analytics to collect data on the number of times
a user has visited the website as well as dates for the first and most
recent visit.
Maximum Storage Duration: 2 yearsType: HTTP Cookie
* yandex.com
yandex.ru
2
yashr [x2]Pending
Maximum Storage Duration: 1 yearType: HTTP Cookie
* Marketing 155
Marketing cookies are used to track visitors across websites. The intention
is to display ads that are relevant and engaging for the individual user and
thereby more valuable for publishers and third party advertisers.
* Meta Platforms, Inc.
5
Learn more about this provider
fbssls_#Collects data on the visitor’s use of the comment system on the
website, and what blogs/articles the visitor has read. This can be used
for marketing purposes.
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: HTML Local Storage
lastExternalReferrerDetects how the user reached the website by
registering their last URL-address.
Maximum Storage Duration: PersistentType: HTML Local Storage
lastExternalReferrerTimeDetects how the user reached the website by
registering their last URL-address.
Maximum Storage Duration: PersistentType: HTML Local Storage
_fbp [x2]Used by Facebook to deliver a series of advertisement products
such as real time bidding from third party advertisers.
Maximum Storage Duration: 3 monthsType: HTTP Cookie
* 1rx.io
unrulymedia.com
2
_rxuuid [x2]Sets a unique ID for the visitor, that allows third party
advertisers to target the visitor with relevant advertisement. This
pairing service is provided by third party advertisement hubs, which
facilitates real-time bidding for advertisers.
Maximum Storage Duration: 1 yearType: HTTP Cookie
* Adobe Inc.
5
Learn more about this provider
_dpThis cookie is set by the audience manager of a website in order to
determine if any additional third-party cookies can be set in the
visitor’s browser – third-party cookies are used to gather information or
track visitor behavior on multiple websites. Third-party cookies are set
by a third-party website or company.
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: HTTP Cookie
demdexVia a unique ID that is used for semantic content analysis, the
user's navigation on the website is registered and linked to offline data
from surveys and similar registrations to display targeted ads.
Maximum Storage Duration: 180 daysType: HTTP Cookie
dpmSets a unique ID for the visitor, that allows third party advertisers
to target the visitor with relevant advertisement. This pairing service is
provided by third party advertisement hubs, which facilitates real-time
bidding for advertisers.
Maximum Storage Duration: 180 daysType: HTTP Cookie
everest_g_v2Used for targeted ads and to document efficacy of each
individual ad.
Maximum Storage Duration: 1 yearType: HTTP Cookie
everest_session_v2Used for targeted ads and to document efficacy of each
individual ad.
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: HTTP Cookie
* Amazon
7
Learn more about this provider
b24_crm_guest_pagesSets a unique ID for the specific user. This allows the
website to target the user with relevant offers through its chat
functionality.
Maximum Storage Duration: PersistentType: HTML Local Storage
b24_crm_guest_utmSets a unique ID for the specific user. This allows the
website to target the user with relevant offers through its chat
functionality.
Maximum Storage Duration: PersistentType: HTML Local Storage
document-referrerCollects data on visitors' behaviour and interaction -
This is used to make advertisement on the website more relevant. The
cookie also allows the website to detect any referrals from other
websites.
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: HTML Local Storage
marketo-paramsPending
Maximum Storage Duration: PersistentType: HTML Local Storage
queryStringCollects data on user behaviour and interaction in order to
optimize the website and make advertisement on the website more relevant.
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: HTML Local Storage
BITRIX_SM_kernelCollects information on user preferences and/or
interaction with web-campaign content - This is used on
CRM-campaign-platform used by website owners for promoting events or
products.
Maximum Storage Duration: 1 dayType: HTTP Cookie
BITRIX_SM_kernel_0Collects information on user preferences and/or
interaction with web-campaign content - This is used on
CRM-campaign-platform used by website owners for promoting events or
products.
Maximum Storage Duration: 1 dayType: HTTP Cookie
* Appnexus
4
Learn more about this provider
anjRegisters a unique ID that identifies a returning user's device. The ID
is used for targeted ads.
Maximum Storage Duration: 3 monthsType: HTTP Cookie
setuidThis cookie is set by the audience manager of the website to
determine the time and frequencies of visitor data synchronization -
cookie data synchronization is used to synchronize and gather visitor data
from several websites.
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: Pixel Tracker
uuid2Registers a unique ID that identifies a returning user's device. The
ID is used for targeted ads.
Maximum Storage Duration: 3 monthsType: HTTP Cookie
XANDR_PANIDThis cookie registers data on the visitor. The information is
used to optimize advertisement relevance.
Maximum Storage Duration: 3 monthsType: HTTP Cookie
* BrightTalk
1
Learn more about this provider
ga_clientIdUsed to send data to Google Analytics about the visitor's
device and behavior. Tracks the visitor across devices and marketing
channels.
Maximum Storage Duration: PersistentType: HTML Local Storage
* Casale Media
4
Learn more about this provider
CMIDCollects visitor data related to the user's visits to the website,
such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what
pages have been loaded, with the purpose of displaying targeted ads.
Maximum Storage Duration: 1 yearType: HTTP Cookie
CMPROCollects data on visitor behaviour from multiple websites, in order
to present more relevant advertisement - This also allows the website to
limit the number of times that they are shown the same advertisement.
Maximum Storage Duration: 3 monthsType: HTTP Cookie
CMPSCollects visitor data related to the user's visits to the website,
such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what
pages have been loaded, with the purpose of displaying targeted ads.
Maximum Storage Duration: 3 monthsType: HTTP Cookie
rumCollects data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the
number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have
been loaded, with the purpose of displaying targeted ads.
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: Pixel Tracker
* Criteo
7
Learn more about this provider
__Host-cto_chrome_popPending
Maximum Storage Duration: 1 yearType: HTTP Cookie
cto_bundle [x2]Presents the user with relevant content and advertisement.
The service is provided by third-party advertisement hubs, which
facilitate real-time bidding for advertisers.
Maximum Storage Duration: 1 yearType: HTTP Cookie
cto_bundlePresents the user with relevant content and advertisement. The
service is provided by third-party advertisement hubs, which facilitate
real-time bidding for advertisers.
Maximum Storage Duration: PersistentType: HTML Local Storage
cto_tld_test [x2]Used to identify the visitor across visits and devices.
This allows the website to present the visitor with relevant advertisement
- The service is provided by third party advertisement hubs, which
facilitate real-time bidding for advertisers.
Maximum Storage Duration: 1 dayType: HTTP Cookie
criteo_write_testSets a unique ID for the visitor, that allows third party
advertisers to target the visitor with relevant advertisement. This
pairing service is provided by third party advertisement hubs, which
facilitates real-time bidding for advertisers.
Maximum Storage Duration: 1 dayType: HTTP Cookie
* Google
9
Learn more about this provider
Some of the data collected by this provider is for the purposes of
personalization and measuring advertising effectiveness.
activity;register_conversion=#;#=#Pending
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: Pixel Tracker
activity;register_conversion=1;src=12346775;type=globalc;cat=globa0;ord=8512319033700;npa=0;auiddc=1506716200.1727705599;u1=undefined;u2=es_MX;u4=store.latam.kaspersky.com;u5=%2Fbasket;u6=;u7=77080078875908448622306650911393421583-GA1.1.1526418073.172770Pending
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: Pixel Tracker
activity;xsp=#;ord=#Pending
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: Pixel Tracker
IDEUsed by Google DoubleClick to register and report the website user's
actions after viewing or clicking one of the advertiser's ads with the
purpose of measuring the efficacy of an ad and to present targeted ads to
the user.
Maximum Storage Duration: 400 daysType: HTTP Cookie
pagead/landingCollects data on visitor behaviour from multiple websites,
in order to present more relevant advertisement - This also allows the
website to limit the number of times that they are shown the same
advertisement.
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: Pixel Tracker
test_cookieUsed to check if the user's browser supports cookies.
Maximum Storage Duration: 1 dayType: HTTP Cookie
NIDRegisters a unique ID that identifies a returning user's device. The ID
is used for targeted ads.
Maximum Storage Duration: 6 monthsType: HTTP Cookie
pagead/1p-conversion/#/Pending
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: Pixel Tracker
_gcl_auUsed by Google AdSense for experimenting with advertisement
efficiency across websites using their services.
Maximum Storage Duration: 3 monthsType: HTTP Cookie
* ID5
6
Learn more about this provider
callbackCollects data on visitor behaviour from multiple websites, in
order to present more relevant advertisement - This also allows the
website to limit the number of times that they are shown the same
advertisement.
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: HTTP Cookie
carPresents the user with relevant content and advertisement. The service
is provided by third-party advertisement hubs, which facilitate real-time
bidding for advertisers.
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: HTTP Cookie
cfSets a unique ID for the visitor, that allows third party advertisers to
target the visitor with relevant advertisement. This pairing service is
provided by third party advertisement hubs, which facilitates real-time
bidding for advertisers.
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: HTTP Cookie
cipPresents the user with relevant content and advertisement. The service
is provided by third-party advertisement hubs, which facilitate real-time
bidding for advertisers.
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: HTTP Cookie
cnacPresents the user with relevant content and advertisement. The service
is provided by third-party advertisement hubs, which facilitate real-time
bidding for advertisers.
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gppPending
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* Improve Digital
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matchSets a unique ID for the visitor, that allows third party advertisers
to target the visitor with relevant advertisement. This pairing service is
provided by third party advertisement hubs, which facilitates real-time
bidding for advertisers.
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: Pixel Tracker
* Kaspersky Lab
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FPIDRegisters statistical data on users' behaviour on the website. Used
for internal analytics by the website operator.
Maximum Storage Duration: 400 daysType: HTTP Cookie
FPLCRegisters a unique ID that is used to generate statistical data on how
the visitor uses the website.
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omCampaignPending
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* LinkedIn
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bcookieUsed by the social networking service, LinkedIn, for tracking the
use of embedded services.
Maximum Storage Duration: 1 yearType: HTTP Cookie
li_gcStores the user's cookie consent state for the current domain
Maximum Storage Duration: 180 daysType: HTTP Cookie
lidcRegisters which server-cluster is serving the visitor. This is used in
context with load balancing, in order to optimize user experience.
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bscookieThis cookie is used to identify the visitor through an
application. This allows the visitor to login to a website through their
LinkedIn application for example.
Maximum Storage Duration: 1 yearType: HTTP Cookie
* Marketo
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BIGipServer#Used to distribute traffic to the website on several servers
in order to optimise response times.
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_mkto_trkContains data on visitor behaviour and website interaction. This
is used in context with the email marketing service Marketo.com, which
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* Media.net
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data-cPresents the user with relevant content and advertisement. The
service is provided by third-party advertisement hubs, which facilitate
real-time bidding for advertisers.
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data-c-tsCollects data on the user across websites - This data is used to
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_uetsidUsed to track visitors on multiple websites, in order to present
relevant advertisement based on the visitor's preferences.
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_uetsid_expContains the expiry-date for the cookie with corresponding
name.
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_uetvidUsed to track visitors on multiple websites, in order to present
relevant advertisement based on the visitor's preferences.
Maximum Storage Duration: PersistentType: HTML Local Storage
_uetvid_expContains the expiry-date for the cookie with corresponding
name.
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MSPTCThis cookie registers data on the visitor. The information is used to
optimize advertisement relevance.
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MUIDUsed widely by Microsoft as a unique user ID. The cookie enables user
tracking by synchronising the ID across many Microsoft domains.
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to present more relevant advertisement - This also allows the website to
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relevant advertisement based on the visitor's preferences.
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suid/1017Presents the user with relevant content and advertisement. The
service is provided by third-party advertisement hubs, which facilitate
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rp.gifNecessary for the implementation of the Reddit.com's share-button
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#:session-dataTracks the individual sessions on the website, allowing the
website to compile statistical data from multiple visits. This data can
also be used to create leads for marketing purposes.
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eng_mtTracks the conversion rate between the user and the advertisement
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advertisements on the website.
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t_gidThis cookie assigns a specific visitor ID, when the visitor interacts
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t_pt_gidCollects information on user preferences and/or interaction with
web-campaign content - This is used on CRM-campaign-platform used by
website owners for promoting events or products.
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taboola global:last-external-referrerDetects how the user reached the
website by registering their last URL-address.
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party advertisers to target the visitor with relevant advertisement. This
pairing service is provided by third party advertisement hubs, which
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taboola_session_idThis cookie is used to collect information on a visitor.
This information will become an ID string with information on a specific
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* Teads
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umUsed to identify the visitor across visits and devices. This allows the
website to present the visitor with relevant advertisement - The service
is provided by third party advertisement hubs, which facilitate real-time
bidding for advertisers.
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tv_UICRCollects information on user behaviour on multiple websites. This
information is used in order to optimize the relevance of advertisement on
the website.
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tvidPresents the user with relevant content and advertisement. The service
is provided by third-party advertisement hubs, which facilitate real-time
bidding for advertisers.
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AFFICHE_WUsed by the advertising platform Weborama to determine the
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metrika_enabled [x3]Used to track visitors on multiple websites, in order
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sync_cookie_image_decideUsed for data-synchronization with advertisement
networks.
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sync_cookie_okUsed for data-synchronization with advertisement networks.
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watch/# [x2]Pending
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webvisor/# [x2]Pending
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#-#Used to track user’s interaction with embedded content.
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iU5q-!O9@$Registers a unique ID to keep statistics of what videos from
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LAST_RESULT_ENTRY_KEYUsed to track user’s interaction with embedded
content.
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LogsDatabaseV2:V#||LogsRequestsStoreUsed to track user’s interaction with
embedded content.
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nextIdUsed to track user’s interaction with embedded content.
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remote_sidNecessary for the implementation and functionality of YouTube
video-content on the website.
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requestsUsed to track user’s interaction with embedded content.
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: HTTP Cookie
ServiceWorkerLogsDatabase#SWHealthLogNecessary for the implementation and
functionality of YouTube video-content on the website.
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TESTCOOKIESENABLEDUsed to track user’s interaction with embedded content.
Maximum Storage Duration: 1 dayType: HTTP Cookie
VISITOR_INFO1_LIVETries to estimate the users' bandwidth on pages with
integrated YouTube videos.
Maximum Storage Duration: 180 daysType: HTTP Cookie
YSCRegisters a unique ID to keep statistics of what videos from YouTube
the user has seen.
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: HTTP Cookie
yt.innertube::nextIdRegisters a unique ID to keep statistics of what
videos from YouTube the user has seen.
Maximum Storage Duration: PersistentType: HTML Local Storage
yt.innertube::requestsRegisters a unique ID to keep statistics of what
videos from YouTube the user has seen.
Maximum Storage Duration: PersistentType: HTML Local Storage
* adnxs.com
criteo.com
doubleclick.net
taboola.com
yandex.com
yandex.ru
6
receive-cookie-deprecation [x6]Collects information on user behaviour on
multiple websites. This information is used in order to optimize the
relevance of advertisement on the website.
Maximum Storage Duration: 400 daysType: HTTP Cookie
* ban.tangooserver.com
1
kaspersky_latamPending
Maximum Storage Duration: PersistentType: HTML Local Storage
* bidswitch.net
matching.ivitrack.com
2
sync [x2]Collects data on user behaviour and interaction in order to
optimize the website and make advertisement on the website more relevant.
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* c1001.report.gbss.io
cdn.gbqofs.com
2
rto [x2]Pending
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* criteo.com
fatmedia.io
2
uid [x2]Collects visitor data related to the user's visits to the website,
such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what
pages have been loaded, with the purpose of displaying targeted ads.
Maximum Storage Duration: 1 yearType: HTTP Cookie
* d.oracleinfinity.io
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* exchange.mediavine.com
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am_tokensPresents the user with relevant content and advertisement. The
service is provided by third-party advertisement hubs, which facilitate
real-time bidding for advertisers.
Maximum Storage Duration: 14 daysType: HTTP Cookie
am_tokens_eu-v1Presents the user with relevant content and advertisement.
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Maximum Storage Duration: 14 daysType: HTTP Cookie
criteoPresents the user with relevant content and advertisement. The
service is provided by third-party advertisement hubs, which facilitate
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Maximum Storage Duration: 14 daysType: HTTP Cookie
mv_tokensSets a unique ID for the visitor, that allows third party
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Maximum Storage Duration: 14 daysType: HTTP Cookie
mv_tokens_eu-v1Sets a unique ID for the visitor, that allows third party
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pairing service is provided by third party advertisement hubs, which
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Maximum Storage Duration: 14 daysType: HTTP Cookie
* latamkasperskycom.push4site.com
7
IsDislogViewedPending
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last_diplay_dateDialogPending
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p4s_p_display_methodPending
Maximum Storage Duration: PersistentType: HTML Local Storage
p4s_p_first_visitPending
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p4s_p_push_do_not_show_notification_DialogPending
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p4s_p_referrerUrlPending
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page_view_countPending
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* omnitagjs.com
2
ayl_visitorThis cookie registers data on the visitor. The information is
used to optimize advertisement relevance.
Maximum Storage Duration: 30 daysType: HTTP Cookie
visitor/syncThis cookie is used to assign specific visitors into segments,
this segmentation is based on visitor behavior on the website - the
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* pixel.adfyier.com
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Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: HTTP Cookie
* sgtm.kaspersky.de
www.googletagmanager.com
2
AwinChannelCookie [x2]Pending
Maximum Storage Duration: SessionType: HTTP Cookie
* yandex.com
yandex.ru
4
_yasc [x2]Collects data on the user across websites - This data is used to
make advertisement more relevant.
Maximum Storage Duration: 10 yearsType: HTTP Cookie
bh [x2]Collects data on user behaviour and interaction in order to
optimize the website and make advertisement on the website more relevant.
Maximum Storage Duration: 400 daysType: HTTP Cookie
* Unclassified 19
Unclassified cookies are cookies that we are in the process of classifying,
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b24-analytics-counter-1056-viewPending
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b24-analytics-counter-62-viewPending
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b24-analytics-counter-64-viewPending
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b24-analytics-counter-66-viewPending
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b24-analytics-counter-806-viewPending
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* Opinion Stage
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* cdn.preciso.net
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kaspersky_glbPending
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* cdn.trackmyvisits.com
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trackmyvisitsPending
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* d.oracleinfinity.io
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* webtrafficsource.com
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InicioProductos para el hogarCentro de recursosTipo de Amenazas¿Cuáles son los
diferentes tipos de malware?
¿CUÁLES SON LOS DIFERENTES TIPOS DE MALWARE?
¿QUÉ SIGNIFICA “MALWARE”?
La palabra “malware” es una contracción de “software malicioso”. El malware es
software intruso que está diseñado deliberadamente para provocar daños en
equipos y sistemas informáticos. En cambio, el software que provoca daños
involuntarios suele denominarse “error de software”.
A menudo, las personas preguntan sobre la diferencia entre un virus y malware.
La diferencia es que el malware es un término genérico para una variedad de
amenazas en línea, incluidos virus, spyware, adware, ransomware y otros tipos de
software malicioso. Un virus informático es solo un tipo de malware.
El malware puede entrar en una red a través de phishing, archivos adjuntos
maliciosos, descargas maliciosas, ingeniería social o unidades flash. En esta
descripción general, observaremos los tipos de malware comunes.
TIPOS DE MALWARE
Es importante comprender los diferentes tipos de ataques de malware para
protegerse contra amenazas. Si bien algunas categorías de malware son conocidas
(al menos por nombre), otras no tanto:
ADWARE
El adware, una contracción de “advertising-supported software” (software
publicitario), muestra anuncios no deseados, y a veces maliciosos, en la
pantalla de la computadora o en el dispositivo móvil, redirige resultados de
búsquedas a sitios web de publicidad, y recopila datos de los usuarios que se
pueden vender a anunciantes sin su consentimiento. No todo el adware es malware,
ya que algunos son legítimos y se pueden usar de manera segura.
Los usuarios pueden modificar la frecuencia del adware o los tipos de descargas
que permiten al administrar los controles emergentes y las preferencias dentro
de sus navegadores de Internet o mediante un bloqueador de publicidad.
Ejemplos de adware:
* Fireball: Fireball salió en los titulares en 2017 cuando una empresa de
software israelí descubrió que 250 millones de equipos y una quinta parte de
las redes corporativas del mundo estaban infectadas con este adware. Cuando
Fireball afecta su equipo, se apodera del navegador. Cambia la página de
inicio por un motor de búsqueda falso, Trotus, e inserta anuncios molestos en
las páginas web que visita. Además, no le permite modificar la configuración
del navegador.
* Appearch : Appearch es otro programa de adware común que actúa como un
secuestrador de navegadores. Por lo general, se incluye con otros software
gratuitos e inserta tantos anuncios en el navegador que navegar por Internet
se vuelve muy difícil. Cuando intenta visitar un sitio web, en su lugar se
abre Appearch.info. Si logra abrir una página web, Appearch convierte bloques
aleatorios de texto en enlaces para que, cuando seleccione el texto, se abra
una ventana emergente que lo invita a descargar actualizaciones de software.
SPYWARE
El spywarees una forma de malware que se esconde en su dispositivo, controla su
actividad y roba información confidencial como datos financieros, información de
la cuenta, contraseñas y mucho más. El spyware puede propagarse al explotar
vulnerabilidades de software o puede incluirse con software legítimos o en
troyanos.
Ejemplos de spyware:
* CoolWebSearch: Este programa aprovechó vulnerabilidades de seguridad de
Internet Explorer para secuestrar el navegador, cambiar la configuración y
enviar los datos de navegación a su autor.
* Gator: Por lo general, se incluye con software de transferencia de archivos,
como Kazaa. Este programa monitorea los hábitos de navegación de la víctima y
usa la información para mostrarle anuncios específicos.
RANSOMWARE Y CRIPTOMALWARE
El ransomware es malware diseñado para bloquear el acceso de los usuarios a su
sistema o denegar el acceso a los datos hasta que se pague un rescate. El
criptomalware es un tipo de ransomware que cifra los archivos del usuario y
reclama un pago antes de una fecha específica y, a menudo, a través de una
criptomoneda como el Bitcoin. El ransomware es una amenaza persistente para las
organizaciones de muchas industrias desde hace varios años. Ya que cada vez más
empresas adoptan la transformación digital, la probabilidad de ser el objetivo
de un ataque de ransomware crece considerablemente.
Ejemplos de ransomware:
* CryptoLocker es una forma de malware predominante en 2013 y 2014 que los
ciberdelincuentes usaron para obtener acceso y cifrar archivos en un sistema.
Los ciberdelincuentes usaron tácticas de ingeniería social con el fin de
engañar a los empleados para que descargaran ransomware en sus computadoras,
lo que infectó la red. Una vez descargado, CryptoLocker mostraba un mensaje
de rescate en el que ofrecía descifrar los datos si se realizaba un pago en
efectivo o con Bitcoins antes de la fecha indicada. Aunque se destruyó el
ransomware de CryptoLocker, se cree que los operadores consiguieron alrededor
de tres millones de dólares extorsionando organizaciones desprevenidas.
* Phobos malware : Una forma de ransomware que apareció en 2019. Esta variedad
de ransomware se basa en la familia de ransomware anteriormente conocida como
Dharma (también llamada CrySis).
TROYANOS
Un troyano (o caballo de Troya) se disfraza como software legítimo con el fin de
engañarlo para que ejecute software malicioso en su computadora. Debido a que
parece legítimo, los usuarios lo descargan y, sin darse cuenta, permiten que el
malware entre en su dispositivo. Los troyanos son una puerta de entrada. A
diferencia de un gusano, necesitan un host para funcionar. Una vez que el
troyano se instala en un dispositivo, los piratas informáticos pueden usarlo
para eliminar, modificar o capturar datos, recolectar su dispositivo como parte
de un botnet u obtener acceso a su red.
Ejemplos de troyanos:
* Qbot malware, también conocido como “Qakbot” o “Pinkslipbot”, es un troyano
bancario activo desde 2007 que se centra en robar datos de usuarios y
credenciales bancarias. El malware evolucionó para incluir nuevos mecanismos
de entrega, técnicas de comando y control, y funciones antianálisis.
* TrickBot malware: Identificado por primera vez en 2016, es un troyano
desarrollado y operado por agentes de ciberdelitos sofisticados. Diseñado
originalmente como un troyano bancario para robar datos financieros, TrickBot
evolucionó en un malware modular de varias fases que les proporciona a sus
operadores un conjunto completo de herramientas para llevar a cabo numerosas
actividades cibernéticas ilegales.
GUSANOS
Los gusanos, que son uno de los tipos de malware más comunes, se propagan en
redes informáticas mediante la explotación de vulnerabilidades del sistema
operativo. Un gusano es un programa independiente que se replica para infectar
otros equipos sin requerir la acción de nadie. Dado que se pueden propagar
rápido, los gusanos suelen utilizarse para ejecutar una carga (un fragmento de
código creado para dañar el sistema). Las cargas pueden eliminar archivos en un
sistema host, cifrar datos para un ataque de ransomware, robar información,
eliminar archivos y crear botnets.
Ejemplo de gusano:
* SQL Slammer era un gusano informático conocido que no usaba métodos de
distribución tradicionales. En cambio, generaba direcciones IP aleatorias en
las que se enviaba para buscar a aquellos que no estaban protegidos por
software antivirus. Poco después de surgir en 2003, infectó más de
75 000 equipos que se vieron involucrados involuntariamente en ataques DDoS
en varios sitios web importantes. Aunque hay un parche de seguridad relevante
que está disponible hace varios años, SQL Slammer resurgió en 2016 y 2017.
VIRUS
Un virus es un fragmento de código que se inserta en una aplicación y se ejecuta
cuando esta se abre. Una vez dentro de la red, un virus puede robar datos
confidenciales, ejecutar ataques DDoS o llevar a cabo ataques de ransomware. Un
virus, que suele propagarse por sitios web infectados, transferencias de
archivos o descargas de archivos adjuntos de correos electrónicos, permanecerá
inactivo hasta que el archivo o programa infectado se active. Cuando eso sucede,
el virus puede replicarse y propagarse en sus sistemas.
Ejemplo de virus:
* Stuxnet: Stuxnet apareció en 2010 y se cree que los gobiernos de EE. UU. e
Israel lo usaron para interrumpir el programa nuclear de Irán. Propagado por
una memoria USB, apuntó a los sistemas de control industrial de Siemens para
que las centrifugadoras fallaran y se autodestruyeran a velocidad récord. Se
cree que Stuxnet infectó más de 20 000 equipos y arruinó una quinta parte de
las centrifugadoras nucleares de Irán, lo que atrasó varios años su programa.
KEYLOGGERS
Un keylogger es un tipo de spyware que monitorea la actividad del usuario. Los
keyloggers se pueden utilizar para fines legítimos: por ejemplo, una familia
puede usarlos para realizar un seguimiento de la actividad de sus hijos en
Internet o una organización puede usarlo para supervisar la actividad de los
empleados. Sin embargo, cuando se instalan con fines maliciosos, los keyloggers
pueden usarse para robar datos de contraseñas, información bancaria y otra
información confidencial. Los keyloggers pueden entrar en un sistema a través de
phishing, ingeniería social o descargas maliciosas.
Ejemplo de keylogger:
* En 2017, un estudiante de la Universidad de Iowa fue arrestado después de
instalar keyloggers en las computadoras del personal para robar credenciales
con el fin de modificar y cambiar calificaciones. El estudiante fue declarado
culpable y sentenciado a cuatro meses de prisión.
BOTS Y BOTNETS
Un bot es un equipo infectado con malware que un pirata informático puede
controlar de manera remota. El bot, a veces llamado equipo zombie, se puede
utilizar para ejecutar más ataques o formar parte de una colección de bots
llamada botnet. Los botnets pueden incluir millones de dispositivos que se
propagan de forma desapercibida. Los botnets ayudan a los piratas informáticos
con numerosas actividades maliciosas, incluidos los ataques DDoS, el envío de
mensajes de spam y phishing, y la propagación de otros tipos de malware.
Ejemplos de botnet:
* Andromeda malware : La botnet Andromeda se asoció con 80 familias de malware
diferentes. Creció tanto que en un momento infectaba un millón de máquinas
nuevas por mes y se distribuía a través de redes sociales, mensajes
instantáneos, correos electrónicos no deseados, kits de exploits y mucho más.
El FBI, el Centro Europeo de Ciberdelincuencia de Europol y otras agencias
desmantelaron la operación en 2017, pero muchas PC siguen infectadas.
* Mirai : En 2016, un ataque masivo de DDoS dejó a gran parte de la costa este
de EE. UU. sin acceso a Internet. El ataque, el cual las autoridades al
principio temían que fuera obra de un estado nacional hostil, fue provocado
por el botnet Mirai. Mirai es un tipo de malware que busca automáticamente
dispositivos de la Internet de las cosas (IoT) para infectarlos y reclutarlos
en un botnet. Desde allí, este ejército de IoT se puede usar para armar
ataques DDoS en los que una corriente de elementos no deseados inunda los
servidores de un objetivo con tráfico malicioso. Mirai sigue provocando
problemas en la actualidad.
MALWARE DE PUP
Los PUP, cuya sigla significa “programas potencialmente indeseables”, son
programas que pueden incluir anuncios, barras de herramientas y ventanas
emergentes que no están relacionados con el software que descargó. En un sentido
estricto, los PUP no siempre son malware. Los desarrolladores de PUP destacan
que sus programas se descargan con el consentimiento de los usuarios, a
diferencia del malware. Sin embargo, se sabe que las personas descargan PUP
principalmente porque no se dieron cuenta de lo que están haciendo.
Los PUP suelen estar incluidos en otros software más legítimos. La mayoría de
las personas instalan un PUP porque descargaron un programa nuevo y no leyeron
las letras pequeñas cuando lo instalaron. Por lo tanto, no se dieron cuenta de
que estaban descargando programas adicionales que no tienen un propósito real.
Ejemplo de malware de PUP:
* Mindspark malware: Este era un PUP que se instalaba fácilmente y que
terminaba en las máquinas de los usuarios sin que se dieran cuenta de la
descarga. Mindspark puede cambiar la configuración y activar comportamientos
en el dispositivo sin el conocimiento del usuario. Es notablemente difícil de
eliminar.
HÍBRIDOS
En la actualidad, la mayoría de los malware son una combinación de diferentes
tipos de software maliciosos que suele incluir partes de troyanos, gusanos y, a
veces, también un virus. Por lo general, el programa de malware le aparece al
usuario final como un troyano, pero una vez que se ejecuta, ataca a otras
víctimas a través de la red, como un gusano.
Ejemplo de malware híbrido:
* En 2001, un desarrollador de malware que se hacía llamar “Lion” lanzó un
malware híbrido que era una combinación de gusano y rootkit. Los rootkits
permiten que los piratas informáticos manipulen archivos del sistema
operativo, mientras que los gusanos son vectores poderosos que propagan
fragmentos de código con rapidez. Esta combinación maliciosa provocó
estragos: causó daños en más de 10 000 sistemas Linux. El malware que
combinaba gusano y rootkit estaba explícitamente diseñado para explotar
vulnerabilidades en sistemas Linux.
MALWARE SIN ARCHIVOS
El malware sin archivos es un tipo de software malicioso que utiliza programas
legítimos para infectar un equipo. No se basa en archivos y no deja rastros, lo
que dificulta su detección y eliminación. El malware sin archivos surgió en 2017
como un tipo de ataque popular, pero muchos de estos métodos de ataque se
implementan desde hace mucho tiempo.
Las infecciones sin archivos, que no están almacenadas en un archivo ni se
instalan directamente en una máquina, van directo a la memoria, y el contenido
malicioso nunca toca el disco duro. Los ciberdelincuentes utilizan cada vez más
malware sin archivos como una forma alternativa eficaz de ataque, lo que
dificulta que el antivirus tradicional lo detecte debido a los pocos rastros que
deja y a la ausencia de archivos para analizar.
Ejemplos de malware sin archivos:
* Frodo, Number of the Beast y The Dark Avenger son ejemplos claros de este
tipo de malware.
BOMBAS LÓGICAS
Las bombas lógicas son un tipo de malware que solo se disparan cuando se
activan, como en una fecha y hora específicas o en la 20.° vez que inicia sesión
en una cuenta. Los virus y gusanos suelen contener bombas lógicas para entregar
su carga (es decir, código malicioso) a una hora predefinida o cuando se cumple
una condición. El daño que causan las bombas lógicas va desde cambiar bytes de
datos hasta hacer que los discos duros no se puedan leer.
Ejemplo de bomba lógica:
* En 2016, un programador logró que las hojas de cálculo no funcionaran
correctamente en una sucursal de Siemens Corporation cada cierta cantidad de
años, de modo que tuvieron que contratarlo una y otra vez para solucionar el
problema. En este caso, nadie sospechó nada hasta que una coincidencia puso
en evidencia el código malicioso.
¿CÓMO SE PROPAGA EL MALWARE?
Entre las formas más comunes en las que se pueden propagar las amenazas de
malware, se incluyen las siguientes:
* Correos electrónicos: Si alguien pirateó su correo electrónico, el malware
puede forzar al equipo a enviar correos electrónicos con archivos adjuntos
infectados o enlaces a sitios web maliciosos. Cuando un destinatario abre el
archivo adjunto o hace clic en el enlace, el malware se instala en su equipo
y el ciclo se repite.
* Medios físicos: Los piratas informáticos pueden cargar malware en unidades
flash USB y esperar a que las víctimas desprevenidas las conecten en sus
computadoras. Esta técnica suele utilizarse en el espionaje corporativo.
* Alertas emergentes: Esto incluye alertas de seguridad falsas que lo engañan
para que descargue software de seguridad falso que, en algunos casos, puede
contener malware adicional.
* Vulnerabilidades: Un defecto de seguridad en el software puede permitir que
el malware tenga acceso no autorizado al equipo, el hardware o la red.
* Puertas traseras: Apertura intencional o accidental de software, hardware,
redes o la seguridad del sistema.
* Descargas ocultas: Descarga accidental de software con o sin el conocimiento
del usuario final.
* Escalamiento de privilegios: Una situación en la que un atacante obtiene
acceso escalado a un equipo o red y, luego, lo usa para ejecutar un ataque.
* Homogeneidad: Si todos los sistemas ejecutan el mismo sistema operativo y
están conectados a la misma red, aumenta el riesgo de que un gusano se
propague a otro equipo.
* Amenazas combinadas: Paquetes de malware que combinan características de
varios tipos de malware, lo que dificulta detectarlos y detenerlos debido a
que pueden explotar diferentes vulnerabilidades.
INDICIOS DE UNA INFECCIÓN DE MALWARE
Si observó algunos de los siguientes indicios, es posible que tenga malware en
su dispositivo:
* Un equipo lento, que tiene fallas o que se bloquea
* La infame “pantalla azul de la muerte”
* Programas que se abren y cierran automáticamente o que se modifican
* Falta de espacio de almacenamiento
* Mayor cantidad de ventanas emergentes, barras de herramientas y otros
programas no deseados
* Correos electrónicos y mensajes que se envían sin su conocimiento
Use el antivirus para protegerse de amenazas de malware:
La mejor forma de protegerse de un ataque de malware y de programas
potencialmente indeseables es a través del uso de un antivirus integral.
Kaspersky Premium brinda una protección ininterrumpida contra piratas
informáticos, virus y malware, lo que lo ayuda a mantener la seguridad de sus
datos y dispositivos.
ARTÍCULOS RELACIONADOS:
* ¿Quién crea el malware?
* ¿Cuál es la diferencia entre un virus y un gusano?
* ¿Cómo funcionan los virus informáticos?
* Los principales agentes de ransomware de 2020
PRODUCTOS RELACIONADOS:
* Kaspersky Premium - Información sobre el producto
* Descarga Kaspersky Antivirus Premium y prueba gratis
* Kaspersky Standard - Descarga y prueba gratis
¿CUÁLES SON LOS DIFERENTES TIPOS DE MALWARE?
Kaspersky
El malware es un software malicioso diseñado para provocar daños. Aprenda la
diferencia entre virus y malware, los tipos de software maliciosos y ejemplos de
malware.
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