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Shipper | Best practices


6 TIPS ON HOW TO SAFELY SHIP TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE FREIGHT

Managing extreme temperatures now top of mind for shippers.

 * brokerage
 * bulk
 * Intermodal
 * dedicated
 * long haul

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In early 2021, winter storms set numerous cold-temperature records throughout
the central United States. Just months later, the United States had its hottest
summer, even beating the Dust Bowl of 1936. As extreme weather becomes the norm,
shippers are challenged with keeping food and beverage products safe during
temperature swings.


Shippers need to control and plan for what they can more than ever before to
keep product on shelves and reduce claims. Here are six tips on how to safely
move temperature-sensitive freight in hot or cold weather.


1. GET FOOD AND BEVERAGE FREIGHT AWAY FROM THE WALL

Food and beverage products loaded against a trailer or container wall will be
the same temperature as outside the trailer within 24 hours. Conduction (the
transfer of heat or cold from one object to another) can wreak havoc on
temperature-sensitive cargo. For an unscientific test, place your hand on the
outside of a container and then on the inside wall. Unless the trailer is facing
direct sunlight, the temperature will be the same. Now slowly move your hand
away from the wall. You will notice that as soon as your hand moves away from
the wall the temperature changes and will continue to change until you are about
four inches from the wall. Center loading of freight away from the walls is
strongly recommended to eliminate the impact of temperature — and the farther
away from the walls, the less the chance of conduction.

 * 1" = 15% heat/cold transfer
 * 2" = 10% heat/cold transfer
 * 4" = 5% heat/cold transfer

Product is loaded tight against the walls in intermodal to prevent load shifts.
However, rail providers have approved the use of dunnage, or loose wood or
matting that keeps cargo in place, to fill voids and maintain a distance of 4"
between the sidewall and shippers’ products. A variety of options are on the
market, from airbags to foil-backed fillers, styrofoam panels and folding
fillers. Some shippers have also successfully used old pallets as dunnage.
Carrier loading engineers can help you create a loading pattern that will
protect food and beverage products from damage and temperature and keep product
moving via the rails safely. Some shippers maintain two loading patterns, one
for times or destinations that do not require temperature protection and one for
when it is needed.


2. GET THE PRODUCT OFF THE FLOOR TO PREVENT CONDUCTION

Conduction doesn’t just happen against the sidewall, it also comes through the
floor. The solution is simple: Ensure that pallets are used to create a barrier
between the product and floor.


3. USE BLANKETS — OVER AND UNDER PALLETS — TO SLOW TRANSFER OF HEAT OR COLD

Blankets are effective in slowing the transfer of heat or cold but need to cover
the product completely. Research simulating temperature changes conducted by the
EPA, Protek and Schneider at Texas A&M revealed that blankets or other
insulation placed under freight, on the floor of the container, are just as
critical as having insulation over and around the pallet. Doing so reduces the
loss of heat/cold through floorboards. The research discovered that contrary to
popular belief, heat/cold is not being transferred from the floor to the product
when sitting directly on it. Instead, heat/cold is escaping the trailer via the
floor and putting the product at risk.

Knowing this, retention and maintenance of optimal temperatures is a must and
can extend the life of a shipment by two to three days. Loads tested side by
side showed a 12-degree difference when floor product was used.


4. RAISE OR LOWER THE TEMPERATURE AT LOADING

Blankets slow the transfer of heat, but timing is everything. Capturing heat in
the winter and cold in summer means your product will be protected longer and
have more time before exceeding your temperature threshold. If you’ve used an
engine heater, you will understand this concept. Plugging in a block heater of a
cold engine has no impact. Plugging in an engine heater as soon as a warm engine
has been turned off maintains the temperature of the engine so that it will
quickly start even in frigid temperatures. By starting at the desired
temperature, you have made the blanket more effective (on top and bottom of the
pallet) and given your food and beverage product more time before it will exceed
its maximum threshold.




5. MONITOR THE WEATHER

Monitoring the weather is complicated: Not only do you need to monitor
temperature and conditions at your points of origin and destination, you need to
include all of the points in between. Doing so needs to be an additional task on
your daily to-do list and can be done manually via the internet or by using a
service which monitors the temperature throughout the planned transit.




6. PARTNER WITH THE RIGHT FOOD AND BEVERAGE CARRIER

Finding the right food and beverage carrier is essential. Asset-based carriers
that own their equipment, like Schneider, have resources to help you develop the
right plan for your freight. Schneider’s experienced load engineers work
directly with customers to develop a customized plan for your specific freight
needs and run test loads to set you up for success. Read more about how
Schneider can help your business navigate food and beverage logistics at our
food and beverage shipping services page.


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