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Submitted URL: https://webdesign.tutsplus.com/tutorials/how-to-fix-outlook-dark-mo=de-problems--cms-37718
Effective URL: https://webdesign.tutsplus.com/tutorials/how-to-fix-outlook-dark-mode-problems--cms-37718
Submission Tags: scam/phishing e-mail links
Submission: On December 07 via api from US — Scanned from IT
Effective URL: https://webdesign.tutsplus.com/tutorials/how-to-fix-outlook-dark-mode-problems--cms-37718
Submission Tags: scam/phishing e-mail links
Submission: On December 07 via api from US — Scanned from IT
Form analysis 2 forms found in the DOM
GET https://webdesign.tutsplus.com/tutorials/search
<form class="global-nav__search-form mobile" data-turbo="false" data-action="submit->global-nav#sendSearchDataLayerEvent submit->global-search#perform_search" action="https://webdesign.tutsplus.com/tutorials/search" accept-charset="UTF-8"
method="get"><input type="text" name="search[terms]" id="search_terms" value="" placeholder="Search tutorials, courses and resources" class="global-nav__search-terms"><button name="button" type="submit"
class="global-nav__search-button"><i class="fa fa-search"></i></button></form>GET https://webdesign.tutsplus.com/tutorials/search
<form class="global-nav__search-form nonmobile" data-turbo="false" data-action="submit->global-nav#sendSearchDataLayerEvent submit->global-search#perform_search" action="https://webdesign.tutsplus.com/tutorials/search" accept-charset="UTF-8"
method="get"><input type="text" name="search[terms]" id="search_terms" value="" placeholder="Search tutorials..." class="global-nav__search-terms search-terms-nonmobile"><button name="button" type="submit"
class="global-nav__search-button"><i class="fa fa-search"></i></button></form>Text Content
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Marketing cookies are used for tracking browsing activity and to customise and
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Admedo
Bidswitch
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DemandBase
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multiple times. 3 monthsHTTPumImprove DigitalRegisters the visitor's behavior on
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GoogleUsed to register what ads have been displayed to the
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purpose of displaying targeted ads on all devices.1 yearHTTPCMIDCasale
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loaded, with the purpose of displaying targeted ads.1 yearHTTPCMPROCasale
MediaCollects data on visitor behaviour from multiple websites, in order to
present more relevant advertisement - This also allows the website to limit the
number of times that the visitor is shown the same advertisement. 3
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the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and
what pages have been loaded, with the purpose of displaying targeted ads.3
monthsHTTPCMTSCasale MediaCollects visitor data related to the user's visits to
the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and
what pages have been loaded, with the purpose of displaying targeted ads.3
monthsHTTPrumCasale MediaCollects data related to the user's visits to the
website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the website and
what pages have been loaded, with the purpose of displaying targeted
ads.SessionPixelcp_sessionCodepenRegisters user behaviour and navigation on the
website, and any interaction with active campaigns. This is used for optimizing
advertisement and for efficient retargeting. 29 daysHTTPCxtIdGenius
SportsCollects data on visitor behaviour from multiple websites, in order to
present more relevant advertisement - This also allows the website to limit the
number of times that they are shown the same advertisement. 1
yearHTTPpb_rtb_evPulsepointRegisters anonymised user data, such as IP address,
geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with
the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites
that use the same ad network.1 yearHTTPVPulsepointRegisters anonymised user
data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads
the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the
user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.1
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unidentifiable data that is sent to an unidentifiable source. The source's
identity is kept secret by the company, Whois Privacy Protection Service, Inc.1
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advertisement. The service is provided by third-party advertisement hubs, which
facilitate real-time bidding for advertisers.SessionPixelguidDelta ProjectsUsed
to generate statistical data on what pages the user has visited and how often an
ad click leads either to a purchase or other actions on the advertiser's
website.1 yearHTTPcbsiAdobe Inc.Pending179 daysHTTPdemdexAdobe Inc.Via a unique
ID that is used for semantic content analysis, the user's navigation on the
website is registered and linked to offline data from surveys and similar
registrations to display targeted ads.179 daysHTTPdpmAdobeSets a unique ID for
the visitor, that allows third party advertisers to target the visitor with
relevant advertisement. This pairing service is provided by third party
advertisement hubs, which facilitates real-time bidding for advertisers.179
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visitor and optimize ad-relevance by collecting visitor data from multiple
websites – this exchange of visitor data is normally provided by a third-party
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through Google Docs. 1 dayHTTPpunchv-e-fGoogleUsed to implement the content
through Google Docs. PersistentHTMLpunchv-e-nGoogleUsed to implement the content
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through Google Docs. PersistentHTMLcjaeConversantPending1
yearHTTPDotomiUserConversantVia a unique ID that is used for semantic content
analysis, the user's navigation on the website is registered and linked to
offline data from surveys and similar registrations to display targeted ads.1
yearHTTPdbm/adGooglePresents the user with relevant content and advertisement.
The service is provided by third-party advertisement hubs, which facilitate
real-time bidding for advertisers.SessionPixelDSIDGoogleUsed by Google
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adverts.1 dayHTTPIDEGoogleUsed by Google DoubleClick to register and report the
website user's actions after viewing or clicking one of the advertiser's ads
with the purpose of measuring the efficacy of an ad and to present targeted ads
to the user.1 yearHTTPpagead/interactionGoogleUsed by DoubleClick to determine
whether website advertisement has been properly displayed - This is done to make
their marketing efforts more efficient.
SessionPixelpagead/landing [x2]GoogleCollects data on visitor behaviour from
multiple websites, in order to present more relevant advertisement - This also
allows the website to limit the number of times that they are shown the same
advertisement. SessionPixeltest_cookieGoogleUsed to check if the user's browser
supports cookies.1 dayHTTP__tt_embed__mountingTiktokRegisters data on the
performance of the website’s embedded video-content.
SessionHTML__tt_embed__storage_testTiktokRegisters data on the performance of
the website’s embedded video-content. SessionHTML_fbp Meta Platforms, Inc.Used
by Facebook to deliver a series of advertisement products such as real time
bidding from third party advertisers.3 monthsHTTP_gaexp [x2]Envato
www.googleoptimize.comThis cookie is used by Google Analytics to determine if
the visitor is involved in their marketing experiments.1
yearHTTP_gcl_auGoogleUsed by Google AdSense for experimenting with advertisement
efficiency across websites using their services. 3
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yearHTTP_uetsidMicrosoftCollects data on visitor behaviour from multiple
websites, in order to present more relevant advertisement - This also allows the
website to limit the number of times that they are shown the same advertisement.
1 dayHTML_uetsid_expMicrosoftContains the expiry-date for the cookie with
corresponding name. PersistentHTML_uetvidMicrosoftUsed to track visitors on
multiple websites, in order to present relevant advertisement based on the
visitor's preferences. 1 yearHTML_uetvid_expMicrosoftContains the expiry-date
for the cookie with corresponding name. PersistentHTMLelementorEnvatoUsed in
context with the website's WordPress theme. The cookie allows the website owner
to implement or change the website's content in
real-time.PersistentHTMLeverest_g_v2Adobe Inc.Used for targeted ads and to
document efficacy of each individual ad.1 yearHTTPEEThe Nielsen CompanyCollects
data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits,
average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded, with the
purpose of displaying targeted ads.119 daysHTTPudThe Nielsen CompanyCollects
visitor data related to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of
visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded, with
the purpose of displaying targeted ads.119 daysHTTPads/ga-audiencesGoogleUsed by
Google AdWords to re-engage visitors that are likely to convert to customers
based on the visitor's online behaviour across
websites.SessionPixelNIDGoogleRegisters a unique ID that identifies a returning
user's device. The ID is used for targeted ads.6
monthsHTTPpagead/1p-user-list/#GoogleTracks if the user has shown interest in
specific products or events across multiple websites and detects how the user
navigates between sites. This is used for measurement of advertisement efforts
and facilitates payment of referral-fees between
websites.SessionPixelgoogle_auto_fc_cmp_settingGoogleStores the user's cookie
consent state for the current
domainPersistentHTMLgoogle_experiment_mod#GoogleUsed by Google AdSense for
experimenting with advertisement efficiency across websites using their
services. PersistentHTMLpagead/gen_204GoogleCollects data on visitor behaviour
from multiple websites, in order to present more relevant advertisement - This
also allows the website to limit the number of times that they are shown the
same advertisement. SessionPixelpcs/activeviewGoogleUsed by DoubleClick to
determine whether website advertisement has been properly displayed - This is
done to make their marketing efforts more efficient.
SessionPixeldocs/common/netcheck.gifGooglePendingSessionPixelpigeon_stateInstagramFacilitates
the sharing function on the website. The cookie also allows websites to track
and target the user with advertisement based on the user's likes and shares.
PersistentHTMLwww-claim-v2InstagramUsed for sharing content onto the social
platform Instagram - This functionality is used for gathering information on
visitor preferences for marketing purposes. SessionHTML_kuid_SalesforceRegisters
a unique ID that identifies a returning user's device. The ID is used for
targeted ads.180 daysHTTPljt_readerSovrnCollects data related to reader
interests, context, demographics and other information on behalf of the Lijit
platform with the purpose of finding interested users on websites with related
content.1 yearHTTPbcookieLinkedInUsed by the social networking service,
LinkedIn, for tracking the use of embedded services.1
yearHTTPbscookieLinkedInUsed by the social networking service, LinkedIn, for
tracking the use of embedded services.1 yearHTTPmt_miscMediMathCollects data on
the user's visits to the website, such as what pages have been loaded. The
registered data is used for targeted ads.29 daysHTTPmt_mopMediMathCollects data
on the user's visits to the website, such as what pages have been loaded. The
registered data is used for targeted ads.29
daysHTTPMONITOR_WEB_IDmon-va.byteoversea.comUsed by the social networking
service, TikTok, for tracking the use of embedded services.3
monthsHTTPidXaxisRegisters a unique ID that identifies a returning user's
device. The ID is used for targeted ads.1 yearHTTPmdataXaxisRegisters a unique
ID that identifies a returning user's device. The ID is used for targeted ads.1
yearHTTPovXaxisPresents the user with relevant content and advertisement. The
service is provided by third-party advertisement hubs, which facilitate
real-time bidding for advertisers.1 yearHTTPsyncdata_#XaxisPending9
daysHTTPt/v2/syncXaxisUsed for data-synchronization with advertisement
networks.SessionPixeliOpenxRegisters anonymised user data, such as IP address,
geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with
the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites
that use the same ad network.1 yearHTTPsync/ddsOpenxThis cookie is set by the
audience manager of the website to determine the time and frequencies of visitor
data synchronization - cookie data synchronization is used to synchronize and
gather visitor data from several websites.SessionPixelw/1.0/cmOpenxPresents the
user with relevant content and advertisement. The service is provided by
third-party advertisement hubs, which facilitate real-time bidding for
advertisers.SessionPixelw/1.0/sdOpenxRegisters data on visitors such as IP
addresses, geographical location and advertisement interaction. This information
is used optimize the advertisement on websites that make use of OpenX.net
services. SessionPixelDTUMicrosoftUsed to track visitors on multiple websites,
in order to present relevant advertisement based on the visitor's preferences.
400 daysHTTP_pinterest_ct_uaPinterestUsed by Pinterest to track the usage of
services.1 yearHTTPv3PinterestUsed by Pinterest to track the usage of
services.SessionPixelKADUSERCOOKIEPubMaticRegisters a unique ID that identifies
the user's device during return visits across websites that use the same ad
network. The ID is used to allow targeted ads.3 monthsHTTPKCCHPubmaticRegisters
if the PubMatic partner-cookie has been set in the user's browser.1
dayHTTPKRTBCOOKIE_#PubMaticRegisters a unique ID that identifies the user's
device during return visits across websites that use the same ad network. The ID
is used to allow targeted ads.3 monthsHTTPKTPCACOOKIEPubMaticRegisters a unique
ID that identifies the user's device during return visits across websites that
use the same ad network. The ID is used to allow targeted ads.1
dayHTTPdpixelQuantcastCollects data on user behaviour and interaction in order
to optimize the website and make advertisement on the website more relevant.
SessionPixelmcQuantcastCollects data on the user's visits to the website, such
as what pages have been loaded. The registered data is used for targeted ads.13
monthsHTTPeudZeta GlobalRegisters user data, such as IP address, geographical
location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose
of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites that use the
same ad network.1 yearHTTPrudZeta GlobalRegisters user data, such as IP address,
geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with
the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's movement on websites
that use the same ad network.1 yearHTTPrudsZeta GlobalRegisters user data, such
as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads the user
has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the user's
movement on websites that use the same ad network.SessionHTTPpxrcLiveRampThis
cookie registers data on the visitor. The information is used to optimize
advertisement relevance. 2 monthsHTTPrlas3LiveRampCollects visitor data related
to the user's visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time
spent on the website and what pages have been loaded, with the purpose of
displaying targeted ads.1 yearHTTPcdRubicon ProjectRegisters anonymised user
data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited websites, and what ads
the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad display based on the
user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.SessionHTTPkhaosRubicon
ProjectRegisters user data, such as IP address, geographical location, visited
websites, and what ads the user has clicked, with the purpose of optimising ad
display based on the user's movement on websites that use the same ad network.1
yearHTTPtap.phpRubicon ProjectRegisters data on visitor such as IP addresses,
geographical location and advertisement interaction. This information is used
optimize the advertisement on websites that make use of Rubicon
Project-services. SessionPixelA6SizmekRegisters data on visitors from multiple
visits and on multiple websites. This information is used to measure the
efficiency of advertisement on websites. 3 monthsHTTPeyeblasterSizmekRegisters
data on visitors from multiple visits and on multiple websites. This information
is used to measure the efficiency of advertisement on websites. 3
monthsHTTPu2SizmekCollects data related to the user's navigation visits to
webpages in order to assess the efficacy of ads that are displayed on the
website.3 monthsHTTPsuidSimpli.fiCollects information on user preferences and/or
interaction with web-campaign content - This is used on CRM-campaign-platform
used by website owners for promoting events or products.1
yearHTTPsuid_legacySimpli.fiCollects information on user preferences and/or
interaction with web-campaign content - This is used on CRM-campaign-platform
used by website owners for promoting events or products.1
yearHTTP_ssumaSitescout.comPresents the user with relevant content and
advertisement. The service is provided by third-party advertisement hubs, which
facilitate real-time bidding for advertisers.29
daysHTTPssiSitescout.comRegisters a unique ID that identifies a returning user's
device. The ID is used for targeted ads.1 yearHTTPcsyncSmartOptimises ad display
based on the user's movement combined and various advertiser bids for displaying
user ads.1 yearHTTPpidSmartRegisters a unique ID that identifies a returning
user's device. The ID is used for targeted ads.13 monthsHTTPredirSmartPresents
the user with relevant content and advertisement. The service is provided by
third-party advertisement hubs, which facilitate real-time bidding for
advertisers.SessionPixelTestIfCookiePSmartIdentifies new users and generates a
unique ID for each user.13 monthsHTTPWIDGET::local::assignmentsSoundcloudUsed by
audio-platform SoundCloud to implement, measure and improve their embedded
content/service on the website - The collection of data also includes visitors’
interaction with embedded content/service. This can be used for statistics or
marketing purposes. PersistentHTMLzuuidSportradarUsed to track visitors on
multiple websites, in order to present relevant advertisement based on the
visitor's preferences. 1 yearHTTPzuuid_kSportradarSets a unique ID for the
visitor, that allows third party advertisers to target the visitor with relevant
advertisement. This pairing service is provided by third party advertisement
hubs, which facilitates real-time bidding for advertisers.1
yearHTTPzuuid_k_luSportradarSets a unique ID for the visitor, that allows third
party advertisers to target the visitor with relevant advertisement. This
pairing service is provided by third party advertisement hubs, which facilitates
real-time bidding for advertisers.1 yearHTTPzuuid_luSportradarSets a unique ID
for the visitor, that allows third party advertisers to target the visitor with
relevant advertisement. This pairing service is provided by third party
advertisement hubs, which facilitates real-time bidding for advertisers.1
yearHTTPaudienceSpotXUsed to determine whether the video-ads have been displayed
correctly on the website - This is done to make video-ads more effective and
ensure that the visitor is not shown the same ads more times than intended. The
cookie also detects whether the visitor has any Do Not Track preferences.27
daysHTTPpartnerSpotXUsed in context with video-advertisement. The cookie limits
the number of times a user is shown the same advertisement. The cookie is also
used to ensure relevance of the video-advertisement to the specific user.
SessionPixelsa-user-idStackAdaptUsed to track visitors on multiple websites, in
order to present relevant advertisement based on the visitor's preferences. 1
yearHTTPsa-user-id-v2StackAdaptUsed to track visitors on multiple websites, in
order to present relevant advertisement based on the visitor's preferences. 1
yearHTTPUIDFreewheelUnique user ID that recognizes the user on returning
visits29 daysHTTPuid-bp-#FreewheelPending29 daysHTTPmuc_adsTwitter Inc.Collects
data on user behaviour and interaction in order to optimize the website and make
advertisement on the website more relevant. 399
daysHTTPTapAd_3WAY_SYNCSTapadUsed for data-synchronization with advertisement
networks.2 monthsHTTPTapAd_DIDTapadUsed to determine what type of devices
(smartphones, tablets, computers, TVs etc.) is used by a user.2
monthsHTTPTapAd_TSTapadUsed to determine what type of devices (smartphones,
tablets, computers, TVs etc.) is used by a user.2 monthsHTTPsync-hisTidalSets a
unique ID for the visitor, that allows third party advertisers to target the
visitor with relevant advertisement. This pairing service is provided by third
party advertisement hubs, which facilitates real-time bidding for advertisers.1
yearHTTPtidal_ttidTidalRegisters the ads provided by Videology that the user has
seen and/or clicked. Used to generate a demographic profile of the user.1
yearHTTP__tea_cache_tokens_#TiktokPendingPersistentHTML__tea_sdk_ab_version_#TiktokCollects
data on visitors' preferences and behaviour on the website - This information is
used make content and advertisement more relevant to the specific visitor.
PersistentHTML__tea_session_id_#TiktokUsed by the social networking service,
TikTok, for tracking the use of embedded
services.SessionHTMLSLARDARtiktok_web_embedTiktokCollects data on visitors'
preferences and behaviour on the website - This information is used make content
and advertisement more relevant to the specific visitor.
PersistentHTMLttwidTiktokUsed by the social networking service, TikTok, for
tracking the use of embedded services.1 yearHTTPxmsiTiktokCollects information
on user behaviour on multiple websites. This information is used in order to
optimize the relevance of advertisement on the
website.PersistentHTMLANON_IDExponentialCollects data on user visits to the
website, such as what pages have been accessed. The registered data is used to
categorise the user's interest and demographic profiles in terms of resales for
targeted marketing.3 monthsHTTPANON_ID_oldExponentialCollects data about the
user's visit to the site, such as the number of returning visits and which pages
are read. The purpose is to deliver targeted ads.3
monthsHTTPi.matchExponentialPresents the user with relevant content and
advertisement. The service is provided by third-party advertisement hubs, which
facilitate real-time bidding for
advertisers.SessionPixelz/i.matchExponentialPresents the user with relevant
content and advertisement. The service is provided by third-party advertisement
hubs, which facilitate real-time bidding for
advertisers.SessionPixelfcAmobeeCollects visitor data related to the user's
visits to the website, such as the number of visits, average time spent on the
website and what pages have been loaded, with the purpose of displaying targeted
ads.179 daysHTTPpxsAmobeePresents the user with relevant content and
advertisement. The service is provided by third-party advertisement hubs, which
facilitate real-time bidding for advertisers.179
daysHTTPr/cms/id/0/ddc/1/pid/18/uidAmobeeUsed to identify the visitor across
visits and devices. This allows the website to present the visitor with relevant
advertisement - The service is provided by third party advertisement hubs, which
facilitate real-time bidding for advertisers.
SessionPixelr/imptrackAmobeePendingSessionPixel__gadsGoogleUsed to register what
ads have been displayed to the user.1 yearHTTP__gpiGoogleCollects information on
user behaviour on multiple websites. This information is used in order to
optimize the relevance of advertisement on the website.1
yearHTTP__tld__SegmentUsed to track visitors on multiple websites, in order to
present relevant advertisement based on the visitor's preferences.
SessionHTTPpersonalization_idTwitter Inc.This cookie is set by Twitter - The
cookie allows the visitor to share content from the website onto their Twitter
profile. 399 daysHTTPRichHistoryTwitter Inc.Collects data on visitors'
preferences and behaviour on the website - This information is used make content
and advertisement more relevant to the specific visitor.
SessionHTMLvuidVimeoCollects data on the user's visits to the website, such as
which pages have been read.399 daysHTTPmatchcasaleDataxuCollects data on the
user's visits to the website, such as what pages have been loaded. The
registered data is used for targeted ads.29 daysHTTPmatchgoogleDataxuRegulates
synchronisation of user identification and exchange of user data between various
ad services.29 daysHTTPmatchrubiconDataxuUsed to synchronise data for targeted
ads with third party systems.29 daysHTTPwfivefivecDataxuCollects data on the
user's visits to the website, such as what pages have been loaded. The
registered data is used for targeted ads.13
monthsHTTP_auth_keyWistiaPendingSessionHTTP_w_sessionWistiaPending13
daysHTTPA3OathCollects information on user behaviour on multiple websites. This
information is used in order to optimize the relevance of advertisement on the
website.1 yearHTTPsync/rubicon/#YahooPendingSessionPixelyuidssYandexCollects
information on user behaviour on multiple websites. This information is used in
order to optimize the relevance of advertisement on the website.399
daysHTTPVISITOR_INFO1_LIVEYouTubeTries to estimate the users' bandwidth on pages
with integrated YouTube videos.179 daysHTTPYSCYouTubeRegisters a unique ID to
keep statistics of what videos from YouTube the user has
seen.SessionHTTPyt.innertube::nextId [x2]YouTubeRegisters a unique ID to keep
statistics of what videos from YouTube the user has
seen.PersistentHTMLyt.innertube::requests [x2]YouTubeRegisters a unique ID to
keep statistics of what videos from YouTube the user has
seen.PersistentHTMLytidb::LAST_RESULT_ENTRY_KEY [x2]YouTubeStores the user's
video player preferences using embedded YouTube
videoPersistentHTMLyt-remote-cast-available [x2]YouTubeStores the user's video
player preferences using embedded YouTube
videoSessionHTMLyt-remote-cast-installed [x2]YouTubeStores the user's video
player preferences using embedded YouTube
videoSessionHTMLyt-remote-connected-devices [x2]YouTubeStores the user's video
player preferences using embedded YouTube
videoPersistentHTMLyt-remote-device-id [x2]YouTubeStores the user's video player
preferences using embedded YouTube
videoPersistentHTMLyt-remote-fast-check-period [x2]YouTubeStores the user's
video player preferences using embedded YouTube
videoSessionHTMLyt-remote-session-app [x2]YouTubeStores the user's video player
preferences using embedded YouTube
videoSessionHTMLyt-remote-session-name [x2]YouTubeStores the user's video player
preferences using embedded YouTube videoSessionHTML
Unclassified cookies are cookies that we are in the process of classifying,
together with the providers of individual cookies.
NameProviderPurposeExpiryTypenscQ486Blau.dePending7
daysHTTPnscT486Blau.dePending7 daysHTTPBT_AA_DETECTION [x11]Envato
cdn.fuseplatform.netPendingPersistentHTMLbtUserCountry [x11]Envato
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daysHTTPHollywoodbetsGenius SportsPending1 yearHTTPLiveScoreBetGenius
SportsPending1 yearHTTPCEAffHAConradPending5
daysHTTPHTLP_timestampConradPending5
daysHTTP267125engine/gs.analytics.nthe.gsrca.dePendingPersistentHTML267125engine/gs.analytics.pae.gsrca.dePendingPersistentHTML267125engine/gs.analytics.seqe.gsrca.dePendingPersistentHTML267125engine/gs.analytics.storedSessionCounte.gsrca.dePendingPersistentHTMLcs_siftsessionEnvatoPendingSessionHTTPplunker.preferencesPlunkerPendingPersistentHTML_aCMR_1gammaplatform.comPending399
daysHTTP_aGeoIpgammaplatform.comPending1 dayHTTP_aUIDgammaplatform.comPending399
daysHTTPnscQ485O2Pending7 daysHTTPnscT485O2Pending7 daysHTTPa [x2]Blau.de
O2PendingSessionPixelnws/img/postview.gif [x2]Blau.de
O2PendingSessionPixelpacceptPlunkerPendingSessionHTTPntm_tps__4011tm.simptrack.comPending3
monthsHTTPv0rur7gqspb3_uidtm.simptrack.comPending3
monthsHTTPHYBRID_SLARDAR_WEBtiktok_pns_web_runtimeTiktokPendingPersistentHTMLSLARDARwebmssdkTiktokPendingPersistentHTML
[#IABV2_LABEL_PURPOSES#] [#IABV2_LABEL_FEATURES#] [#IABV2_LABEL_PARTNERS#]
[#IABV2_BODY_PURPOSES#]
[#IABV2_BODY_FEATURES#]
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1. Web Design
2. Microsoft Outlook
HOW TO FIX OUTLOOK DARK MODE PROBLEMS (EMAIL DESIGN)
Scroll to top
Nicole Merlin Aug 29, 2021 (Updated Dec 7, 2021)
Read Time: 16 min English Español
Microsoft OutlookEmail Design
Unpredictable text color changes in Outlook for Windows is one of the many
mind-boggling issues you’ve no doubt encountered if you’ve ever built an HTML
email for Dark Mode.
Microsoft Outlook brutally inverts colors in Dark Mode, in some cases even
turning dark colors into white. Not only can this result in very unsightly parts
of your email, it can also result in text that is completely illegible.
This tutorial will show you how to fix some of Microsoft Outlook’s worst
behavior when it comes to text color in Dark Mode.
Make Emails That Work Perfectly in Dark Mode
There are many versions of Microsoft Outlook. When I mention “Outlook” in this
article I am referring to the Microsoft 365 edition of Outlook for Windows.
COMING UP
* In Part 1 of this Outlook 365 dark mode tutorial, we’ll take a look at color
changes for text styled with colors using HTML and CSS only.
* Part 2 will deal with text color changes inside VML (Vector Markup Language)
shapes.
1. COLOR CHANGES TO SIMPLE COLORED TEXT
Let’s say you have a medium green area with some large white text on it like
this. The body has dark text on much paler green.
However in Outlook Dark Mode emails, with colors switched, even though the
header background is barely being adjusted the text is turning almost black. And
whilst most users can still read it, it’s not the effect you’re going for. You
want it white.
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SOLUTION: APPLY A MICROSOFT TEXT GRADIENT TO YOUR TEXT
The Microsoft Word rendering engine is what powers email rendering in Microsoft
Outlook. If you’ve used Word, you’ll know you can style your text in lots of
different ways, one of which is by adding a gradient.
These gradients also render in Outlook, which is great, but they get stripped
away in Dark Mode. This is unfortunate if you want to use an actual gradient of
multiple colors, but it’s great news for fixing text problems in Dark Mode
emails since it provides us with a way to control Light Mode and Dark Mode
separately.
If we create a “gradient” that is made up of a single color, we can apply that
to our text, and it will be displayed in Light Mode.
In Dark Mode in Outlook, the gradient is stripped away, revealing the fallback
color that is set on your text. Outlook will then treat the fallback color
according to its Dark Mode algorithm, by darkening or inverting it as it would
any normal text color.
This means we do need to get a bit tricky and ensure we choose a fallback color
that will turn into the color we want in Outlook 365 Dark Mode. But once we
figure that out, we can have complete control over our text’s appearance in both
modes.
The gradient will be visible over the top of the text color in Light Mode. In
Dark Mode it is discarded and Outlook inverts the fallback color
HOW TO IMPLEMENT THE MSO GRADIENT SOLUTION
Firstly, identify the code you need to fix. In this case, I’m fixing a paragraph
of text that I want to keep white.
Add a class to the code you want to fix. Here I want to make sure my text stays
white in Dark Mode emails, so I’m using .keep-white.
Remember that Outlook won’t respect multiple classes on elements, so make sure
it’s the only class on your element. If it already has a class applied, use
that, or find some other way to target the element.
1
<p class="keep-white" style="color:#ffffff;">This text will remain WHITE</p>
Next, go to the head of your file and add this conditional code with a style
block inside containing a CSS rule with your new class name.
1
2
3
4
5
<!--[if gte mso 16]>
<style>
.keep-white {}
</style>
<![endif]-->
The conditional comment is going to limit this code’s visibility to Microsoft
Outlook versions greater than or equal to “mso 16”, which in reality targets
Outlook 2016 and newer, which includes the Microsoft 365 version which we are
targeting.
Older clients included in this bunch (like Outlook 2016) will still apply the
gradient in Light Mode, which looks correct, and they don’t have a Dark Mode, so
nothing will happen in that regard. So why not just apply this code to all
versions of Outlook? Well, I found that that older versions, like Outlook 2007,
don’t apply gradients properly. Instead they display the fallback color, which
doesn’t look good if it’s displayed in Light Mode. Limiting it to gte mso 16
neatly sidesteps this problem.
OBTAINING THE GRADIENT CODE
Now we need the CSS for our Light Mode single-color gradient. If you simply need
black and white you can use these snippets.
Black:
1
2
mso-style-textfill-type:gradient;
mso-style-textfill-fill-gradientfill-stoplist:"0 \#000000 1 100000\,99000
\#000000 1 100000";
White:
1
2
mso-style-textfill-type:gradient;
mso-style-textfill-fill-gradientfill-stoplist:"0 \#FFFFFF 0 100000\,100000
\#FFFFFF 0 100000";
For other colors, you may have some luck just substituting some of the hex
values in those. However the structure of the stoplist is a bit arcane, since it
is derived from the Open Office XML (OOXML) standard for drawing shapes with a
gradient fill. As an example, here’s the CSS for a purple gradient:
1
2
mso-style-textfill-type: gradient;
mso-style-textfill-fill-gradientfill-stoplist: "0 \#7030A0 -1 100000\,99000
\#7030A0 -1 100000";
You can check out the specification to understand more, and from that you could
work on manually generating your own gradient CSS.
It’s not very intuitive however, and frankly there is an easier way if you have
access to Microsoft Word: by getting it to do the hard work for you, and
stealing the resulting CSS code. Here’s how:
1. Open Microsoft Word
2. Type out a few words
3. Go to Format > Text effects (Mac) or click on the Text Color icon in the
ribbon and then go to Gradient > More Gradients (Mac and Windows)
4. There you can set up a gradient with two stops of the same color (here I am
going to use white)
5. When you’re done, save your file as a “Web Page” (.htm or .html extension)
6. Open the HTML file in your code editor and scroll all the way to the bottom
to find the words you typed out, which will be wrapped in a paragraph and
span tag containing the CSS code we want.
The CSS will look something like this:
1
2
<p class=MsoNormal><b><span lang=EN-GB
style='font-size:22.0pt;line-height:120%;mso-style-textfill-type:gradient;mso-style-textfill-fill-gradientfill-shadetype:linear;mso-style-textfill-fill-gradientfill-shade-linearshade-angle:5400000;
mso-style-textfill-fill-gradientfill-shade-linearshade-fscaled:no;mso-style-textfill-fill-gradientfill-stoplist:"0
\#FFFFFF 0 100000\,100000 \#FFFFFF 0 100000"'>Hello, here is some
text.<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
I find that you only need two bits from that, firstly the line that will specify
that we want a gradient:
1
mso-style-textfill-type:gradient;
And the color stoplist:
1
mso-style-textfill-fill-gradientfill-stoplist:"0 \#FFFFFF 0 100000\,100000
\#FFFFFF 0 100000";
Once you have the first line and your stoplist, add them to your CSS rule so it
looks something like this:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
<!--[if gte mso 16]>
<style>
.keep-white {
mso-style-textfill-type:gradient;
mso-style-textfill-fill-gradientfill-stoplist:"0 \#FFFFFF 0
100000\,100000 \#FFFFFF 0 100000";
}
</style>
<![endif]-->
We’ve set up our gradient, and this is what’s going to display in Light Mode.
Now it’s time for the bit that actually fixes our problem: adding our fallback
color.
As we saw above, in Dark Mode Outlook is going to discard the gradient, read the
fallback color, and then adjust or invert it as it normally would. This means we
need to choose a color that Outlook is going to turn into the color we want in
Dark Mode.
Since I want white, that’s easy: Microsoft Outlook Dark Mode completely inverts
black and white, so I just need to make the fallback black.
I’ll add my fallback color value to the CSS rule, and add !important to ensure
it overrides the inline styling I have on my paragraph tag, which is setting the
text to white for all other clients. My rule now looks like this:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
<!--[if gte mso 16]>
<style>
.keep-white {
mso-style-textfill-type:gradient;
mso-style-textfill-fill-gradientfill-stoplist:"0 \#FFFFFF 0
100000\,100000 \#FFFFFF 0 100000";
color:#000000 !important;
}
</style>
<![endif]-->
And that’s it! When I send a test, I now see that my text remains white in
Microsoft 365 Outlook, no matter whether I am using Light Mode or Dark Mode.
As you can see, the Microsoft Outlook 365 dark mode test email makes sure text
stays white.
A NOTE ON WORKING WITH COLORED TEXT
As you’ve seen in the steps above, generating your gradient for Light Mode in
Word is easy. It’s finding the right fallback color that’s tricky, as it can be
hard to predict whether Outlook is going to invert a color or just darken in in
Dark Mode.
However with a little trial and error, you can get the results you need. It can
help to send some color swatches to Outlook, to identify the right shade in Dark
Mode. Then you can use whichever hex color resulted in that shade in Dark Mode,
and use it as your fallback.
As of September 2021, the method in Part 1 works everywhere (including inside
VML) on the latest version of Microsoft 365 Outlook. Litmus has also upgraded to
the latest version, so you should see the same test results across all versions
of Microsoft 365 Outlook as long as they are up to date.
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2. FIXING TEXT COLOR CHANGES INSIDE VML
If you’ve worked with VML and Outlook Dark Mode you’ll be no stranger to the
kinds of problems you can end up with. The most annoying issue is the fact that
VML fills and images aren’t adjusted in Dark Mode in Outlook, but text colors
are. This can result in completely illegible text like this:
The text is visible in Light Mode. But in Outlook 365 Dark Mode it's a very dark
grey, rendering it illegible.
Unfortunately, text inside a block of VML tends to behave differently to normal
text when it comes to Dark Mode email in Outlook, so the fix above doesn’t work
reliably inside VML.
The main reason for this is something very weird; there seem to be two different
Dark Mode algorithms operating across different copies of Outlook 365.
I have observed completely different outcomes between the version of Outlook 365
that Litmus provides, versus the version/s at Email on Acid, Testi and my own
Windows 10 PC.
Bizarrely, when you use the gradient trick above, the version at Litmus doesn’t
invert the fallback color, it simply displays it as-is.
Since there are clearly different copies of the latest Outlook in circulation
that are going to be doing two completely different things, it’s no longer a
viable fix for our issue.
THE TROUBLE WITH TEXTFILLS
This discrepancy also seems to explain why another popular trick for trying to
fix text in Outlook seems to work for some email developers and not for others.
A popular suggestion is to use, for example,
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:#000000; to ensure text remains black in Outlook
email Dark Mode.
This solid textfill-fill doesn’t get stripped off in Dark Mode like the
gradients do, however there is also some major discrepancy between how it is
interpreted inside VML across different copies of Outlook.
As you can see below, when a black textfill is applied over a white VML fill,
all copies of Outlook display it as a light grey in Dark Mode.
However when you use a white textfill over a black VML shape, in Email on Acid,
Testi and on my own PC, it actually shows up as very dark grey, whereas at
Litmus is displays as a pale grey.
Similarly with colored textfills over VML, Email on Acid, Testi and my machine
show a tendency to (mostly) darken the textfills, whereas the version at Litmus
tends towards a lightening and desaturation.
Sadly I have no idea what is actually going on here, but at least we know we can
completely rule out both mso-style-textfill-type:gradient and
mso-style-textfill-fill-color when it comes to fixing Dark Mode text issues
inside VML.
A WAY AROUND IT ALL
One way to avoid this difference in behaviour between text inside and outside
VML is to use CSS positioning and z-index to layer your email content over the
top of your VML content, keeping your text content separate from your VML. If
this is viable for you, then it will mean you avoid the text being treated
differently, and the mso-style-textfill-type:gradient trick we looked at in Part
1 will work perfectly for you.
However, that’s not always possible, so what else can be done?
AN EXPERIMENTAL SOLUTION FOR INSIDE VML: HARNESSING THE POWER OF COLOR:AUTO;
In the course of digging around inside lots of different Word-generated HTML
files, I’ve noticed there are a few color values that frequently pop up like
color:window;, color:windowText; and color:auto;. After playing around with them
I didn’t have much luck with many of the others but, auto does actually seem to
have the power of automatic color calculation behind it, and it turns out you
can use it inside VML to ensure your text renders as black or white, without
changing at all between Dark and Light Modes.
Its calculation seems to be based off a combination of the body background + VML
fill color. (Other layout or wrapper elements with their own background colors
applied don’t seem to have any further effect on the calculation.) If you have a
dark body background and a light VML fill, then color:auto; resolves to black or
a very dark grey. If you have a light body background and a dark VML fill, then
color:auto; resolves to either white or a very pale grey.
As a general guide, the tipping points for greyscale seem to be as follows.
IF YOU NEED WHITE TEXT
* Body background must be #555555 or lighter
* VML fill must be #333333 or darker
IF YOU NEED BLACK TEXT
* Body background must be #444444 or darker
* VML fill must be #555555 or lighter
CAN YOU FIX BOTH IN THE SAME EMAIL?
In a word: no. In most cases you can only solve either the black or white text
elements in your layout, not both, since color:auto; is partially calculated off
your body background color, which is obviously global. Feel free to experiment,
as you might have better luck, but you will mostly likely need to prioritise one
category of elements to fix if you have a lot of different-colored VML elements
throughout your email.
Colors are harder to pin down and explain, but I found them pretty
forgiving–have a play around with them. It seems that you just need to create
enough contrast between the elements in order to ensure color:auto; resolves to
the same color and doesn’t change whether it’s Dark or Light Mode.
Let’s run through applying both black and white.
HOW TO KEEP TEXT BLACK INSIDE VML IN DARK MODE
1. ENSURE YOUR BODY BACKGROUND IS DARK
Firstly, ensure your body background is dark—#444444 or darker. If you are using
colors then a fairly dark shade should work well, but you may need to experiment
a little.
1
<body style="background-color:#444444;">
You may prefer to to apply the background color using some conditional CSS just
for Outlook 2016+ in the head–it’s up to you. If you want to do that, then add
this to the head of your code:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
<!--[if gte mso 16]>
<style>
body {
background-color:#444444 !important;
}
</style>
<![endif]-->
2. ENSURE YOUR VML FILL IS LIGHT
If you’re hoping for black text, then chances are it’s already light anyway. If
you have an image fill, then it won’t make a difference to you since you won’t
see the color behind the image.
If you simply have a v:shape like a v:oval or v:rect, then set the fillcolor to
be #555555 or lighter:
1
<v:rect fillcolor="#555555">
Alternatively if you have a v:fill element then set the color to be #555555 or
lighter:
1
<v:fill type="frame" src="image.jpg" color="#555555" />
3. APPLY THE AUTO COLOR CSS
Rather than using color:auto; I find that the best way to do this is to actually
to add mso-color-alt:auto; to your element’s CSS, as this will conveniently
override any color you already have set on your element, and it will only work
in Outlook, without disrupting any other clients. You can simply add it inline
after your text color:
1
<p style="margin:0;color:#000000;mso-color-alt:auto;">Black text</p>
Alternatively you could add a class to your item like this:
1
<p class="vml-black" style="margin:0;color:#000000;">Black text</p>
Then add this CSS to the head of your email, limiting to new versions of Outlook
just to be safe:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
<!--[if gte mso 16]>
<style>
.vml-black {
mso-color-alt: auto;
}
</style>
<![endif]-->
And that’s it! Now send a test and you’ll see your text is displaying nice and
dark in both Light and Dark Modes.
Advertisement
Advertisement
HOW TO KEEP TEXT WHITE INSIDE VML IN DARK MODE
1. ENSURE YOUR BODY BACKGROUND IS LIGHT
Firstly, ensure your body background is light—#555555 or lighter. If you are
using colors then a fairly light shade should work well, but you may need to
experiment a little.
1
<body style="background-color:#555555;">
If you’d prefer to do this in conditional Outlook-only CSS then you can do that
too:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
<!--[if gte mso 16]>
<style>
body {
background-color:#555555 !important;
}
</style>
<![endif]-->
2. ENSURE YOUR VML FILL IS DARK
If you’re hoping for white text, then chances are it’s already dark anyway. If
you have an image fill, then it won’t make a difference to you since you won’t
see the color behind the image.
If you just have a v:shape like a v:oval or v:rect, then set the fillcolor to be
#333333 or darker:
1
<v:rect fillcolor="#333333">
Alternatively if you have a v:fill element then set the color to be #333333 or
darker:
1
<v:fill type="frame" src="image.jpg" color="#333333" />
3. APPLY THE AUTO COLOR CSS
Rather than using color:auto; I find that the best way to do this is to actually
to add mso-color-alt:auto; to your element’s CSS, as this will conveniently
override any color you already have set on your element, and it will only work
in Outlook, without disrupting any other clients. You can simply add it inline
after your text color:
1
<p style="margin:0;color:#ffffff;mso-color-alt:auto;">White text</p>
Alternatively you could add a class to your item like this:
1
<p class="vml-white" style="margin:0;color:#ffffff;">White text</p>
Then simply add this CSS to the head of your email, limiting to new versions of
Outlook just to be safe:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
<!--[if gte mso 16]>
<style>
.vml-white {
mso-color-alt: auto;
}
</style>
<![endif]-->
And that’s it! Now send a test and you’ll see your text is displaying nice and
white in both Light and Dark Modes.
3. TEST, TEST, TEST!
Of course, as with any code solutions for HTML email, when it comes to trying it
out in your own projects always be sure to test thoroughly.
As we’ve seen above, it’s also important to test Microsoft 365 Outlook Dark Mode
across more than just one testing provider — ideally if you use Litmus then you
should also try to get your hands on an account at Email on Acid or Testi, or
set up your own Windows 10 testing PC to ensure you’re seeing the full range of
possible results in Microsoft 365 Outlook.
LEARN MORE ABOUT DARK MODE IN EMAIL
* How to Fix Common Problems With Buttons in Dark Mode (Email Design)
Nicole Merlin
16 Dec 2021
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CONCLUSION
The color:auto; trick is definitely experimental but it has been working really
well for me. I hope both of these tips can save you some time and stress, and
I’d love to hear about your experiments and results implementing any of these
tricks in your own emails.
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Nicole Merlin
Australia
Email designer, developer and lover of all things email. Owner of Email
Wizardry, an email design and development studio in Victoria, Australia.
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