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GITLAB WARNS OF MAX SEVERITY AUTHENTICATION BYPASS BUGGITLAB WARNS OF MAX
SEVERITY AUTHENTICATION BYPASS BUG

Company urges organizations using self-hosting GitLab instances to apply updates
for CVE-2024-45409 as soon as possible.

Jai Vijayan, Contributing Writer

September 19, 2024

4 Min Read
Source: T. Schneider via Shutterstock


Organizations with self-hosted GitLab instances configured for SAML-based
authentication might want to update immediately to new versions of the DevOps
platform that the company released this week.

The update addresses a maximum severity bug in GitLab Community Edition (CE) and
Enterprise Edition (EE) that allows an attacker to bypass authentication checks
and log in as an arbitrary user in an affected system. Depending on the level of
access, an attacker could then steal leak or modify source code, inject
malicious code into production systems, steal secrets and sensitive data, and
execute a variety of other malicious actions.


MAXIMUM SEVERITY THREAT

The bug, identified as CVE-2024-45409, has a severity score of 10.0, which is as
critical as it gets on the CVSS rating scale. The bug has garnered the rating
because of its high impact and also because exploiting it involves low-attack
complexity, no special privileges, and no user interaction.

CVE-2024-45409 affects both GitLab Dedicated, the fully managed cloud-hosted
version, and also self-managed instances of GitLab. The company already has
updated all instances of GitLab Dedicated and says that customers of the managed
version are already protected against the vulnerability. However, those running
self-managed GitLab installations must patch now, the vendor advised.
"We strongly recommend that all installations running a version affected by the
issues … are upgraded to the latest version as soon as possible."

GitLab has recommended that organizations enable two-factor authentication for
all user accounts for self-managed GitLab installations to mitigate against
exploits targeting CVE-2024-45409. "Enabling identity provider multifactor
authentication does not mitigate this vulnerability," GitLab cautioned. The
company also recommends that organizations not allow the SAML two-factor bypass
option in GitLab. In addition, GitLab's advisory provides detailed guidance on
how to hunt for and detect signs of exploit activity tied to the flaw.

CVE-2024-45409 is present in versions 12.2 and older and versions 1.13.0 to
1.16.0 of Ruby SAML, a library which is a part of GitLab's SAML-based
authentication feature. Ruby SAML is what allows organizations to authenticate
users to GitLab via external identity providers.


IMPROPER SIGNATURE VERIFICATION

The National Vulnerability Database's description of the flaw shows that
affected Ruby SAML versions either aren't verifying or are incorrectly verifying
the cryptographic signature in a SAML response. This allows an attacker with
access to any signed SAML document from an identity provider to forge a SAML
response. "This would allow the attacker to log in as [an] arbitrary user within
the vulnerable system," the NVD said.

In its advisory, GitLab said that in order to craft a successful exploit for the
flaw, an attacker would need to find a way to craft SAML assertions that are
identical to those from an organization's legitimate identity provider. This
would involve having the information needed to accurately replicate key fields
like username, role, identity, and privileges.

"When crafting an exploit, there are many SAML assertions an attacker would need
to craft to perfectly replicate a legitimate login," GitLab said. "These include
both the key and value fields that you specify at your [identity provider] and
may be unknown to unauthorized individuals — especially if you have customized
these attributes."


PARTICULARLY TROUBLING ON DEV PLATFORMS

Researchers consider vulnerabilities in DevOps platforms like GitHub to be
particularly troublesome because of the opportunities they provide attackers to
compromise application development environments in multiple ways.

"The ability to bypass authentication checks is a huge threat, as it gives
attackers the window of opportunity to easily enter development environments and
cause tremendous damage — all without triggering any alerts," says Katie
Teitler-Santullo, cybersecurity strategist at OX Security. "Presumably, and
hopefully, organizations are using strong authentication — MFA least privilege,
and zero-trust principles — to ensure that all access is fully authorized."

Jeff Williams, founder and CTO at Contrast Security, stresses the importance of
addressing authentication bypass flaws. "In this case, a forged SAML assertion
can be created to log on as any user and take any actions that a user can do,"
he says. "This might include tampering with pipelines, embedding malicious code
in software products, stealing intellectual property, installing malware, or
just about any other bad thing you can imagine."

CVE-2024-45409 is the most critical among 18 vulnerabilities that GitHub
disclosed this month as part of its regular security updates. GitHub assessed
one of the other 17 vulnerabilities as critical. The flaw (CVE-2024-6678), with
a CVSS severity score of 9.9, affects multiple GitLab CE and EE versions. It is
one of several in recent months that allows an unauthenticated, remote attacker
to run a pipeline in the context of any user within a GitLab environment.

The vulnerability is similar to flaws that GitLab disclosed in May, June, and
July and suggests a pattern of not taking security seriously, Williams says.
"Critical vulns month after month. Maybe they're doing better testing? Good. Or
maybe they aren't being proactive. We need transparency."




ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Jai Vijayan, Contributing Writer



Jai Vijayan is a seasoned technology reporter with over 20 years of experience
in IT trade journalism. He was most recently a Senior Editor at Computerworld,
where he covered information security and data privacy issues for the
publication. Over the course of his 20-year career at Computerworld, Jai also
covered a variety of other technology topics, including big data, Hadoop,
Internet of Things, e-voting, and data analytics. Prior to Computerworld, Jai
covered technology issues for The Economic Times in Bangalore, India. Jai has a
Master's degree in Statistics and lives in Naperville, Ill.

See more from Jai Vijayan, Contributing Writer
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