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ClimateNews


COUNTRIES FACING MOST CLIMATE DISASTERS ALREADY ‘DROWNING IN DEBT’

NEARLY TWO-THIRDS OF MOST CLIMATE VULNERABLE COUNTRIES SLASHING SPENDING ON
VITAL PUBLIC SERVICES

Stuti Mishra
2 days ago
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Cyclone Freddy: Fast-flowing mudflow tears through Malawi village during storm


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Most countries that are vulnerable to climate disasters are drowning in debt,
which is hindering their capacity to effectively respond to climate-related
emergencies, a new study has revealed.

The research conducted by international charity ActionAid, released on the
sidelines of the World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF) Spring
Meetings, revealed that 93 per cent of countries in the Global South that face
most impact from a warming planet are also under significant debt distress.




Nine highly climate-sensitive countries, including Somalia, Malawi, and
Mozambique, are already reeling under debt distress, the report noted. Forty
countries highly susceptible to climate crisis are at moderate or high risk of
debt distress. Only four countries facing climate disasters are at low risk of
debt distress, the study said.



As World Bank shareholders gathered in Washington for their annual spring
meeting on Monday, discussions on economic policy options for Global South
countries took centre stage.



This report sounded the alarm for urgent need for debt cancellation for climate
vulnerable countries and a radical transformation of global debt management to
address this pressing crisis.


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"The debt crisis and climate crisis are inextricably linked, creating a vicious
cycle that traps vulnerable countries in a downward spiral," warned David
Archer, ActionAid International's head of programmes and influencing.



Malawi, which recently bore the brunt of cyclone Freddy, displacing over half a
million people and causing widespread destruction, served as a glaring example
of a nation weighed down by debt.

"Our government is being forced to allocate limited resources to repay old
loans, leaving us ill-equipped to rebuild and recover from cyclone Freddy.
Climate disasters are becoming more frequent and devastating, with women and
girls bearing the brunt of the impact,” Pamela Kuwali, country director at
ActionAid Malawi, said.



The study also revealed that 38 out of 63 most climate vulnerable countries are
slashing spending on vital public services to service their debt, jeopardising
their ability to effectively respond to climate disasters.

Around 42 other African countries are at high risk of debt distress due to the
impacts of climate change and other factors. Another example of the debt
distress affecting climate adaptation is Ghana, which defaulted on its $28.4bn
external debt in December.



John Nkaw, country director at ActionAid Ghana, pointed out that Ghana is forced
to spend “more on debt servicing than on education and health”, perpetuating a
destructive cycle where the country lacked the necessary resources to invest in
climate adaptation, resilience, and disaster preparedness.

“We know that Ghana will need about 60 per cent of its debt cancelled if it is
to return to a path of sustainability – therefore we demand a proportion of debt
cancellation,” Mr Nkaw said.



“If freed of debt, we would be able to strengthen small and medium sized
businesses, invest in renewable sources of energy, smallholder farmers and
agroecology. But these choices aren’t an option.”

People wade through flood waters caused by last week's heavy rains caused by
Tropical Cyclone Freddy in Phalombe, southern Malawi

(AP)

Another factor compounding the debt distress is that the countries are coerced
into repaying their debts in foreign currencies, predominantly US dollars, which
compels them to invest in extractive industries like fossil fuels and
large-scale industrial agriculture, exacerbating environmental degradation and
worsening climate change impacts.

Mr Archer pointed the finger at the World Bank, IMF, and private banks based in
wealthy countries for hindering climate progress by imposing stringent
conditions on debt repayments for climate-vulnerable countries.

"These debts are entrapping countries in a detrimental cycle, forcing them to
cut public spending and invest in activities that harm the climate just to repay
their debts," said Mr Archer.


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The report called for immediate debt cancellation for countries most vulnerable
to climate change and a comprehensive overhaul of global debt management to
break free from this harmful entanglement.



International financial institutions are facing growing calls to make finances
available to poor countries facing increasing pressure due to climate crisis.
Countries like Pakistan, which are under critical debt burden and suffered
devastating floods last year, have demanded debt relief in the past.
Organisations are calling for urgent action to close the funding gap amid the
ongoing high level meetings.




MORE ABOUT

ActionaidIMFWorld BankClimate crisisdisasterDebt


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1/2COUNTRIES FACING MOST CLIMATE DISASTERS ALREADY ‘DROWNING IN DEBT’


COUNTRIES FACING MOST CLIMATE DISASTERS ALREADY ‘DROWNING IN DEBT’

People wade through flood waters caused by last week's heavy rains caused by
Tropical Cyclone Freddy in Phalombe, southern Malawi

Copyright 2023 The Associated Press. All rights reserved.


COUNTRIES FACING MOST CLIMATE DISASTERS ALREADY ‘DROWNING IN DEBT’

Men transport their salvaged belongings in Chiradzulu, southern Malawi

AP








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