www.fabio-stuber.com

Summary

This website contacted 3 IPs in 2 countries across 3 domains to perform 7 HTTP transactions. The main IP is 2606:4700:3030::ac43:d46f, located in United States and belongs to CLOUDFLARENET, US. The main domain is www.fabio-stuber.com.
TLS certificate: Issued by GTS CA 1P5 on December 4th 2023. Valid for: 3 months.

This is the only time www.fabio-stuber.com was scanned on urlscan.io!

urlscan.io Verdict: No classification

Domain & IP information

	IP Address	AS Autonomous System
1 5	2606:4700:303... 2606:4700:3030::ac43:d46f	13335 (CLOUDFLAR...) (CLOUDFLARENET)
1	2a00:1450:400... 2a00:1450:4001:82a::200a	15169 (GOOGLE) (GOOGLE)
2	2a00:1450:400... 2a00:1450:4001:829::2003	15169 (GOOGLE) (GOOGLE)
7	3

5 2606:4700:3030::ac43:d46f (United States) 1 redirects

ASN13335 (CLOUDFLARENET, US)

www.fabio-stuber.com	Domain lookup VirusTotal SecurityTrails crt.sh Censys Domaintools

1 2a00:1450:4001:82a::200a (Frankfurt am Main, Germany)

ASN15169 (GOOGLE, US)

fonts.googleapis.com	Domain lookup VirusTotal SecurityTrails crt.sh Censys Domaintools

2 2a00:1450:4001:829::2003 (Frankfurt am Main, Germany)

ASN15169 (GOOGLE, US)

fonts.gstatic.com	Domain lookup VirusTotal SecurityTrails crt.sh Censys Domaintools

	Apex Domain Subdomains	Transfer
5	fabio-stuber.com 1 redirects www.fabio-stuber.com	3 MB
2	gstatic.com fonts.gstatic.com	32 KB
1	googleapis.com fonts.googleapis.com — Cisco Umbrella Rank: 115	1 KB
7	3

	Domain	Requested by
5	www.fabio-stuber.com	1 redirects www.fabio-stuber.com
2	fonts.gstatic.com	fonts.googleapis.com
1	fonts.googleapis.com	www.fabio-stuber.com
7	3

This site contains links to these domains. Also see Links.

Domain
www.instagram.com
shop.fabio-stuber.com

Subject Issuer	Validity	Valid
fabio-stuber.com GTS CA 1P5	`2023-12-04` - `2024-03-03`	3 months	crt.sh
upload.video.google.com GTS CA 1C3	`2023-11-20` - `2024-02-12`	3 months	crt.sh
*.gstatic.com GTS CA 1C3	`2023-11-20` - `2024-02-12`	3 months	crt.sh

This page contains 1 frames:

Primary Page: https://www.fabio-stuber.com/
Frame ID: C97155A49A934FC13C2E363065849EE0
Requests: 7 HTTP requests in this frame

Screenshot
Live screenshot

Full Image

Page Title

Fabio Stuber

Page URL History Show full URLs

http://www.fabio-stuber.com/ HTTP 301
https://www.fabio-stuber.com/ Page URL

Page Statistics

7
Requests

100 %
HTTPS

100 %
IPv6

3
Domains

3
Subdomains

3
IPs

2
Countries

2913 kB
Transfer

2915 kB
Size

0
Cookies

2 Outgoing links

These are links going to different origins than the main page.

URL: https://www.instagram.com/fabio.stuber/
Title: INSTAGRAM

Search URL Search Domain Scan URL

URL: https://shop.fabio-stuber.com/#!/
Title: WEBSHOP

Search URL Search Domain Scan URL

Page URL History

This captures the URL locations of the websites, including HTTP redirects and client-side redirects via JavaScript or Meta fields.

http://www.fabio-stuber.com/ HTTP 301
https://www.fabio-stuber.com/ Page URL

Redirected requests

There were HTTP redirect chains for the following requests:

7 HTTP transactions
0 data transactions

Method
Protocol Status Resource
Path Size
x-fer Time
Latency Type
MIME-Type IP
Location

GET
H2

200

Primary Request / Show response
www.fabio-stuber.com/
Redirect Chain

http://www.fabio-stuber.com/
https://www.fabio-stuber.com/

2 KB
1 KB

304ms
204ms

Document
text/html

2606:4700:3030::ac43:d46f
CLOUDFLARENET

General

Check archive.org

Show headers Download Go to

Full URL: https://www.fabio-stuber.com/
Protocol: H2
Security: TLS 1.3, , AES_128_GCM
Server: 2606:4700:3030::ac43:d46f , United States, ASN13335 (CLOUDFLARENET, US),
Reverse DNS
Software: cloudflare /
Resource Hash: 7928302ac05698a13b246d5b44afa8216688e948d838709796ed2fbe0ba47809

Request headers

Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.6099.129 Safari/537.36
accept-language: de-DE,de;q=0.9

Response headers

access-control-allow-origin: *
age: 0
alt-svc: h3=":443"; ma=86400
cache-control: max-age=600
cf-cache-status: DYNAMIC
cf-ray: 841089674ea93c75-CDG
content-encoding: br
content-type: text/html; charset=utf-8
date: Sat, 06 Jan 2024 02:30:02 GMT
expires: Sat, 06 Jan 2024 02:40:02 GMT
last-modified: Tue, 02 Jan 2024 04:53:41 GMT
nel: {"success_fraction":0,"report_to":"cf-nel","max_age":604800}
report-to: {"endpoints":[{"url":"https:\/\/a.nel.cloudflare.com\/report\/v3?s=HkH7DUTeUtbWCuXP95fH%2F%2Bwy0Ad9mbF3C8%2B7JEz94APScRFtE6Lp7Amwp9VhhDZZainAFUElIOh4XBsBQk%2FwnOB9pEQSsUmeFQUpyxGSwat97o2ikiFbf8Hq9cBUeYvPu7GRMRZCXxNbjz04%2Bz0Q0fRRBw%3D%3D"}],"group":"cf-nel","max_age":604800}
server: cloudflare
vary: Accept-Encoding
via: 1.1 varnish
x-cache: MISS
x-cache-hits: 0
x-fastly-request-id: d62aaafbbdd9bddcf5ec93e2ff6bf9a6815bc973
x-github-request-id: 3F72:3CB921:238C497:241A539:6598BB29
x-proxy-cache: MISS
x-served-by: cache-fra-eddf8230088-FRA
x-timer: S1704508202.173374,VS0,VE101

Redirect headers

CF-RAY: 84108965de9f3dee-SIN
Cache-Control: max-age=3600
Connection: keep-alive
Date: Sat, 06 Jan 2024 02:30:01 GMT
Expires: Sat, 06 Jan 2024 03:30:01 GMT
Location: https://www.fabio-stuber.com/
NEL: {"success_fraction":0,"report_to":"cf-nel","max_age":604800}
Report-To: {"endpoints":[{"url":"https:\/\/a.nel.cloudflare.com\/report\/v3?s=VYO54H8SlYrprdl3onwLM2sl%2FbBSrEp9TQU%2FZ%2BwPxLy5FOFLZclJ6%2FI8CqIL6XV1mDW0ESD7CKD3O840BzaQaMz4%2FvXUbLlgfxEBZTUWMRM46p1n4AW81z6M6QJDPxGu%2FFVTikZ8%2BAF9lj%2BSynKOBnfUNA%3D%3D"}],"group":"cf-nel","max_age":604800}
Server: cloudflare
Transfer-Encoding: chunked
Vary: Accept-Encoding
alt-svc: h3=":443"; ma=86400

GET
H2 200 me.css
www.fabio-stuber.com/assets/css/ 3 KB
1 KB 201ms
200ms Stylesheet
text/css 2606:4700:3030::ac43:d46f
CLOUDFLARENET

General

Check archive.org

Show headers Download Go to

Full URL: https://www.fabio-stuber.com/assets/css/me.css
Requested by: Host: www.fabio-stuber.com
URL: https://www.fabio-stuber.com/
Protocol: H2
Security: TLS 1.3, , AES_128_GCM
Server: 2606:4700:3030::ac43:d46f , United States, ASN13335 (CLOUDFLARENET, US),
Reverse DNS
Software: cloudflare /
Resource Hash: f413d2189bca8de2f37bbb69cb11fff110d72ccba030c5474148d96f77a99f0e

Request headers

accept-language: de-DE,de;q=0.9
Referer: https://www.fabio-stuber.com/
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.6099.129 Safari/537.36

Response headers

x-fastly-request-id: 62e55879b209669d913f9fc265c8d877ba7e7f8e
date: Sat, 06 Jan 2024 02:30:02 GMT
via: 1.1 varnish
content-encoding: br
cf-cache-status: MISS
nel: {"success_fraction":0,"report_to":"cf-nel","max_age":604800}
expires: Sat, 06 Jan 2024 02:40:02 GMT
x-cache: MISS
x-proxy-cache: MISS
alt-svc: h3=":443"; ma=86400
x-served-by: cache-fra-eddf8230091-FRA
last-modified: Tue, 02 Jan 2024 04:53:41 GMT
server: cloudflare
x-github-request-id: DBB2:31F7DF:9BE51AC:9E7DFC1:6598BB2A
x-timer: S1704508202.368446,VS0,VE110
etag: W/"659396d5-af5"
vary: Accept-Encoding
report-to: {"endpoints":[{"url":"https:\/\/a.nel.cloudflare.com\/report\/v3?s=CMYq0tR3jP%2F8EvR4GaHY%2BiAS5vG8QMLUX3VjfwQU2sF0Ktags4nwDwWkYrdJeC72ls37%2FZbOUR%2Fey%2FbHtBoiG%2BF7ywly2HygrAa1L0L3zQGlxwH35VBbjdJ8pSFq%2B%2BXTPvqUf4J6Gz9NJ2aABGsH5cjC0w%3D%3D"}],"group":"cf-nel","max_age":604800}
content-type: text/css; charset=utf-8
access-control-allow-origin: *
cache-control: max-age=14400
cf-ray: 841089689ff33c75-CDG
x-cache-hits: 0

GET
H2 200 logo.png
www.fabio-stuber.com/images/ 20 KB
21 KB 210ms
210ms Image
image/png 2606:4700:3030::ac43:d46f
CLOUDFLARENET

General

Check archive.org

Show headers Download Go to Show image

Full URL: https://www.fabio-stuber.com/images/logo.png
Requested by: Host: www.fabio-stuber.com
URL: https://www.fabio-stuber.com/
Protocol: H2
Security: TLS 1.3, , AES_128_GCM
Server: 2606:4700:3030::ac43:d46f , United States, ASN13335 (CLOUDFLARENET, US),
Reverse DNS
Software: cloudflare /
Resource Hash: cd7ae6c7067f6effee31f84ba9bb61cc3848ec5afd26df465ee59d70b81913c6

Request headers

accept-language: de-DE,de;q=0.9
Referer: https://www.fabio-stuber.com/
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.6099.129 Safari/537.36

Response headers

x-fastly-request-id: fa8296d2d195d770920cd75ed20bd293edfafa2a
date: Sat, 06 Jan 2024 02:30:02 GMT
via: 1.1 varnish
expires: Sat, 06 Jan 2024 02:40:02 GMT
cf-cache-status: REVALIDATED
nel: {"success_fraction":0,"report_to":"cf-nel","max_age":604800}
x-proxy-cache: MISS
x-cache: MISS
alt-svc: h3=":443"; ma=86400
content-length: 20852
x-served-by: cache-fra-eddf8230021-FRA
last-modified: Tue, 02 Jan 2024 04:53:41 GMT
server: cloudflare
x-github-request-id: A916:B2750:A3131F9:A5D7142:65960B10
x-timer: S1704332049.978322,VS0,VE111
etag: "659396d5-5174"
vary: Accept-Encoding
report-to: {"endpoints":[{"url":"https:\/\/a.nel.cloudflare.com\/report\/v3?s=QQDbWxLzK1IlueuhOghmV8PQKrK0CU4ciGRAdJ77TD0IU5%2F11Wu6AKEXf5%2FNmuhhuH49hw04C2d8oRj3y%2BR5VtamOn1ttURZ4h99amPNNi3%2FDQADLACj3l62ycrzzDH7O8xEr1%2Fo%2B9a1gJXwAKsMjJ1SiQ%3D%3D"}],"group":"cf-nel","max_age":604800}
content-type: image/png
access-control-allow-origin: *
cache-control: max-age=14400
accept-ranges: bytes
cf-ray: 841089689ff63c75-CDG
x-cache-hits: 0

GET
H2 200 css
fonts.googleapis.com/ 4 KB
1 KB 134ms
48ms Stylesheet
text/css 2a00:1450:4001:82a::200a
GOOGLE

General

Check archive.org

Show headers Download Go to

Full URL

https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto:400,500

Requested by

Host: www.fabio-stuber.com
URL: https://www.fabio-stuber.com/assets/css/me.css

Protocol

H2

Security

TLS 1.3, , AES_128_GCM

Server

2a00:1450:4001:82a::200a Frankfurt am Main, Germany, ASN15169 (GOOGLE, US),

Reverse DNS

Software

ESF /

Resource Hash

f8238cdd1cc6032f1c34cf7e559b55a936097f78cc8839628e5cc39a6fc3f390

Security Headers

Name	Value
Strict-Transport-Security	max-age=31536000
X-Content-Type-Options	nosniff
X-Frame-Options	SAMEORIGIN
X-Xss-Protection	0

Request headers

accept-language: de-DE,de;q=0.9
Referer: https://www.fabio-stuber.com/assets/css/me.css
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.6099.129 Safari/537.36

Response headers

strict-transport-security: max-age=31536000
date: Sat, 06 Jan 2024 02:30:02 GMT
content-encoding: gzip
x-content-type-options: nosniff
cross-origin-resource-policy: cross-origin
alt-svc: h3=":443"; ma=2592000,h3-29=":443"; ma=2592000
x-xss-protection: 0
last-modified: Sat, 06 Jan 2024 00:43:51 GMT
server: ESF
cross-origin-opener-policy: same-origin-allow-popups
x-frame-options: SAMEORIGIN
content-type: text/css; charset=utf-8
access-control-allow-origin: *
cache-control: private, max-age=86400, stale-while-revalidate=604800
timing-allow-origin: *
link: <https://fonts.gstatic.com>; rel=preconnect; crossorigin
expires: Sat, 06 Jan 2024 02:30:02 GMT

GET
H3 200 background.jpg
www.fabio-stuber.com/images/ 3 MB
3 MB 364ms
364ms Image
image/jpeg 2606:4700:3030::ac43:d46f
CLOUDFLARENET

General

Check archive.org

Show headers Download Go to Show image

Full URL: https://www.fabio-stuber.com/images/background.jpg
Requested by: Host: www.fabio-stuber.com
URL: https://www.fabio-stuber.com/assets/css/me.css
Protocol: H3
Security: QUIC, , AES_128_GCM
Server: 2606:4700:3030::ac43:d46f , United States, ASN13335 (CLOUDFLARENET, US),
Reverse DNS
Software: cloudflare /
Resource Hash: 9f6192369b2512dd43619ebd049971bf4edf8b070d34b657aaaf85baf1710a7f

Request headers

accept-language: de-DE,de;q=0.9
Referer: https://www.fabio-stuber.com/assets/css/me.css
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.6099.129 Safari/537.36

Response headers

x-fastly-request-id: 298d2bc9e86db077af3014ab2c8b1f57a744459e
date: Sat, 06 Jan 2024 02:30:02 GMT
via: 1.1 varnish
expires: Sat, 06 Jan 2024 02:40:02 GMT
cf-cache-status: MISS
nel: {"success_fraction":0,"report_to":"cf-nel","max_age":604800}
x-proxy-cache: MISS
x-cache: MISS
alt-svc: h3=":443"; ma=86400
content-length: 2923508
x-served-by: cache-fra-eddf8230104-FRA
last-modified: Tue, 02 Jan 2024 04:53:41 GMT
server: cloudflare
x-github-request-id: C208:26CDCC:7C3BA1B:7E2853D:6598BB2A
x-timer: S1704508203.681895,VS0,VE296
etag: "659396d5-2c9bf4"
vary: Accept-Encoding
report-to: {"endpoints":[{"url":"https:\/\/a.nel.cloudflare.com\/report\/v3?s=aTiMsO3aqw%2FizDGjCmI7FEWjgsmR9I4NrQ7IVypawpeVLBzjqKcVuE5VIkjJG6jP7NUuie5FxT72SruFI12nX%2BV8CSQDTH%2BAngkx6HP5%2FcteZyntls%2BXBdTTtRVptjyCTyIRf0t%2BHUsyHYncWi0qbCY7VQ%3D%3D"}],"group":"cf-nel","max_age":604800}
content-type: image/jpeg
access-control-allow-origin: *
cache-control: max-age=14400
accept-ranges: bytes
cf-ray: 8410896aa896995a-FRA
x-cache-hits: 0

GET
H2 200 KFOlCnqEu92Fr1MmEU9fBBc4.woff2
fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v30/ 16 KB
16 KB 134ms
49ms Font
font/woff2 2a00:1450:4001:829::2003
GOOGLE

General

Check archive.org

Show headers Download Go to

Full URL

https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v30/KFOlCnqEu92Fr1MmEU9fBBc4.woff2

Requested by

Host: fonts.googleapis.com
URL: https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto:400,500

Protocol

H2

Security

TLS 1.3, , AES_128_GCM

Server

2a00:1450:4001:829::2003 Frankfurt am Main, Germany, ASN15169 (GOOGLE, US),

Reverse DNS

Software

sffe /

Resource Hash

b019538234514166ec7665359d097403358f8a4c991901983922fb4d56989f1e

Security Headers

Name	Value
X-Content-Type-Options	nosniff
X-Xss-Protection	0

Request headers

Referer: https://fonts.googleapis.com/
Origin: https://www.fabio-stuber.com
accept-language: de-DE,de;q=0.9
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.6099.129 Safari/537.36

Response headers

date: Tue, 02 Jan 2024 09:10:14 GMT
x-content-type-options: nosniff
age: 321588
content-security-policy-report-only: require-trusted-types-for 'script'; report-uri https://csp.withgoogle.com/csp/apps-themes
cross-origin-resource-policy: cross-origin
alt-svc: h3=":443"; ma=2592000,h3-29=":443"; ma=2592000
content-length: 15920
x-xss-protection: 0
last-modified: Wed, 11 May 2022 19:24:45 GMT
server: sffe
cross-origin-opener-policy: same-origin; report-to="apps-themes"
report-to: {"group":"apps-themes","max_age":2592000,"endpoints":[{"url":"https://csp.withgoogle.com/csp/report-to/apps-themes"}]}
content-type: font/woff2
access-control-allow-origin: *
cache-control: public, max-age=31536000
accept-ranges: bytes
timing-allow-origin: *
expires: Wed, 01 Jan 2025 09:10:14 GMT

GET
H2 200 KFOmCnqEu92Fr1Mu4mxK.woff2
fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v30/ 15 KB
16 KB 124ms
39ms Font
font/woff2 2a00:1450:4001:829::2003
GOOGLE

General

Check archive.org

Show headers Download Go to

Full URL

https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v30/KFOmCnqEu92Fr1Mu4mxK.woff2

Requested by

Host: fonts.googleapis.com
URL: https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto:400,500

Protocol

H2

Security

TLS 1.3, , AES_128_GCM

Server

2a00:1450:4001:829::2003 Frankfurt am Main, Germany, ASN15169 (GOOGLE, US),

Reverse DNS

Software

sffe /

Resource Hash

f6734f8177112c0839b961f96d813fcb189d81b60e96c33278c1983b6f419615

Security Headers

Name	Value
X-Content-Type-Options	nosniff
X-Xss-Protection	0

Request headers

Referer: https://fonts.googleapis.com/
Origin: https://www.fabio-stuber.com
accept-language: de-DE,de;q=0.9
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.6099.129 Safari/537.36

Response headers

date: Mon, 01 Jan 2024 17:28:03 GMT
x-content-type-options: nosniff
age: 378119
content-security-policy-report-only: require-trusted-types-for 'script'; report-uri https://csp.withgoogle.com/csp/apps-themes
cross-origin-resource-policy: cross-origin
alt-svc: h3=":443"; ma=2592000,h3-29=":443"; ma=2592000
content-length: 15744
x-xss-protection: 0
last-modified: Wed, 11 May 2022 19:24:48 GMT
server: sffe
cross-origin-opener-policy: same-origin; report-to="apps-themes"
report-to: {"group":"apps-themes","max_age":2592000,"endpoints":[{"url":"https://csp.withgoogle.com/csp/report-to/apps-themes"}]}
content-type: font/woff2
access-control-allow-origin: *
cache-control: public, max-age=31536000
accept-ranges: bytes
timing-allow-origin: *
expires: Tue, 31 Dec 2024 17:28:03 GMT

Verdicts & Comments Add Verdict or Comment

1 JavaScript Global Variables

These are the non-standard "global" variables defined on the window object. These can be helpful in identifying possible client-side frameworks and code.

object| documentPictureInPicture

0 Cookies

Cookies are little pieces of information stored in the browser of a user. Whenever a user visits the site again, he will also send his cookie values, thus allowing the website to re-identify him even if he changed locations. This is how permanent logins work.

Indicators

This is a term in the security industry to describe indicators such as IPs, Domains, Hashes, etc. This does not imply that any of these indicate malicious activity.

fonts.googleapis.com
fonts.gstatic.com
www.fabio-stuber.com
2606:4700:3030::ac43:d46f
2a00:1450:4001:829::2003
2a00:1450:4001:82a::200a
7928302ac05698a13b246d5b44afa8216688e948d838709796ed2fbe0ba47809
9f6192369b2512dd43619ebd049971bf4edf8b070d34b657aaaf85baf1710a7f
b019538234514166ec7665359d097403358f8a4c991901983922fb4d56989f1e
cd7ae6c7067f6effee31f84ba9bb61cc3848ec5afd26df465ee59d70b81913c6
f413d2189bca8de2f37bbb69cb11fff110d72ccba030c5474148d96f77a99f0e
f6734f8177112c0839b961f96d813fcb189d81b60e96c33278c1983b6f419615
f8238cdd1cc6032f1c34cf7e559b55a936097f78cc8839628e5cc39a6fc3f390

www.fabio-stuber.com Open in urlscan Pro 2606:4700:3030::ac43:d46f Public Scan

Summary

urlscan.io Verdict: No classification

Domain & IP information

Screenshot Live screenshot Full Image

Page Title

Page URL History Show full URLs

Page Statistics

7 Requests

100 %HTTPS

100 %IPv6

3 Domains

3 Subdomains

3 IPs

2 Countries

2913 kBTransfer

2915 kBSize

0 Cookies

2 Outgoing links

Page URL History

Redirected requests

7 HTTP transactions Everything HTML Script AJAX CSS Image Expand all 0 data transactions

Request headers

Response headers

Redirect headers

Request headers

Response headers

Request headers

Response headers

Request headers

Response headers

Request headers

Response headers

Request headers

Response headers

Request headers

Response headers

Verdicts & Comments Add Verdict or Comment

1 JavaScript Global Variables

0 Cookies

Indicators

www.fabio-stuber.com Open in urlscan Pro
2606:4700:3030::ac43:d46f Public Scan

Screenshot
Live screenshot

Full Image

7
Requests

100 %
HTTPS

100 %
IPv6

3
Domains

3
Subdomains

3
IPs

2
Countries

2913 kB
Transfer

2915 kB
Size

0
Cookies

7 HTTP transactions
0 data transactions