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CANNABIS USE BEFORE BEDTIME DOES NOT CAUSE NEXT-DAY IMPAIRMENT OF COGNITIVE
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SCIENCE & HEALTH
CANNABIS USE BEFORE BEDTIME DOES NOT CAUSE NEXT-DAY IMPAIRMENT OF COGNITIVE
ABILITY OR DRIVING PERFORMANCE, STUDY SHOWS
Published
3 seconds ago
on
May 22, 2024
By
Ben Adlin
A new study suggests that using marijuana before sleep has minimal if any effect
on a range of performance measures the next day, including simulated driving,
cognitive and psychomotor function tasks, subjective effects and mood.
The report, which drew data from a larger study investigating the effects of THC
and CBD on insomnia, looked at outcomes from 20 adults with physician-diagnosed
insomnia who infrequently used marijuana.
“The results of this study indicate that a single oral dose of 10 mg THC (in
combination with 200 mg CBD) does not notably impair ‘next day’ cognitive
function or driving performance relative to placebo in adults with insomnia who
infrequently use marijuana,” says the paper, from researchers at Macquarie
University in Sydney, the University of Sydney, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital in
Sydney, Gold Coast-based Griffith University and Johns Hopkins University.
CBD Is A ‘Powerful And Promising’ Treatment For Crack Use Disorder.
CBD Is A ‘Powerful And Promising’ Treatment For Crack Use Disorder.
A recent study aimed to explore the efficacy of CBD as a treatment for crack use
disorder (CUD). It found that individuals who took the cannabinoid had better
health outcomes compared to those who took more conventional treatments.
According to the report, CBD emerges as a potent and promising therapeutic
option for individuals with CUD. The study compared CBD with three commonly
prescribed drugs for CUD treatment: fluoxetine, valproic acid, and clonazepam.
Researchers concluded that CBD, being safe and well-tolerated, resulted in
significantly fewer adverse events compared to the control group. The CBD group
exhibited better outcomes in multiple parameters, including reduced crack use,
sustained food intake, and enhanced self-rated health. The researchers noted
that there were “fewer episodes in the CBD group regarding nausea, dizziness,
memory impairment, low concentration and tremor.” The researchers highlighted
that the fewer adverse effects associated with CBD treatment could potentially
improve treatment retention rates among participants. Previous studies have
explored cannabinoids as potential therapies for stimulant use disorders,
primarily focusing on cocaine or amphetamine use.
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“The use of cannabis by night as a sleep aid is highly prevalent and there are
legitimate concerns that this may lead to impaired daytime (‘next day’)
function, particularly on safety sensitive tasks such as driving,” the 11-author
team wrote in the report published last week in the journal Psychopharmacology.
Results, however, showed “no differences in ‘next day’ performance in 27 out of
28 tests of cognitive and psychomotor function and simulated driving tests
relative to placebo.”
> “We found a lack of notable ‘next day’ impairment to cognitive and psychomotor
> function and simulated driving performance.”
Participants were randomly given either a placebo or 2 milliliters of cannabis
oil containing 10 milligrams of THC and 200 mg CBD. Researchers said the THC
amount was selected “based on prior studies showing that 10 mg oral THC produced
discriminable subjective drug effects (e.g., increased ‘drowsiness’) without
altering cognitive and psychomotor performance among infrequent cannabis
users”—in other words, the amount someone might take if their goal was to use
cannabis as a sleep aid.
In a second lab visit, participants who received the placebo were given the
THC–CBD mixture, while those who had the cannabis oil were given the placebo.
Cognitive tests were administered within two hours of participants waking, while
driving performance, which was measured through a fixed-base driving simulator,
was tested 10 hours after administration. Subjects were also asked how about
experienced effects—for example how “stoned,” “sedated,” “alert,” “anxious” or
“sleepy” they felt—at baseline and then after 30 minutes, 10 hours, 12 hours, 14
hours, 16 hours and 18 hours.
“Almost all of the cognitive tests conducted, involving attention, working
memory, speed of information processing, and other domains, showed no ‘next day’
effects of THC/CBD,” the report says.
No significant differences were seen between the THC–CBD and placebo results in
27 of the 28 cognitive performance tasks. There was what researchers described
as “a small reduction in percentage accuracy”—about 1.4 percent—in the so-called
Stoop color and word test, a measure of cognitive interference, however, but
researchers said that finding was “not clinically meaningful” because both
groups demonstrated “a very high percentage of accuracy (i.e., >97%)” on the
test.
“Importantly, no significant difference in accuracy was observed on the more
difficult ‘hard/incongruent condition’ of the Stroop-Word Test, which requires
participants to match the meaning of the word presented, not the printed colour
of the word,” authors added. “For comparison, the morning after alcohol
consumption (i.e., the hangover state) produced significantly greater
interference on the Stroop-Word Test, but not the Stroop-Colour Test, relative
to the alcohol-free control group (i.e., no hangover state).”
No differences were observed in terms of driving performance, meanwhile.
“None of the simulated driving outcome measures were significantly different
between THC/CBD and placebo,” the study says, adding: “This is consistent with
our recent meta-regression analysis, which concluded that driving-related skills
in occasional cannabis users recover within ~8 h after ingesting 20 mg oral
THC.”
“There were no impairing effects of THC/CBD given by night on simulated driving
performance assessed the following morning at ~10 h post-treatment; coinciding
with a time that many people might commute on roads (e.g., driving to work in
‘rush-hour’),” the authors wrote.
By contrast, they noted that”commonly prescribed sedative-hypnotics are known to
impair next-day function,” pointing as examples to benzodiazepine and zopiclone.
The researchers acknowledged the relatively small sample size of the study and
that the findings were based on only a single dose of cannabis oil.
“This precludes any conclusions regarding the effects of repeated dosing with
THC, with or without CBD, on daytime function in insomnia disorder, which is
more representative of how some people use medical cannabis for sleep in the
community,” they wrote. “However, it is hypothesized that the chances of
detecting ‘next day’ impairment are less likely with repeated dosing due to the
development of at least partial tolerance to the impairing effects of THC.”
Though some cannabis users anecdotally report feeling residual effects of
cannabis use the day afterward, another recent study found no evidence that
marijuana consumption causes a hangover the next day.
A report published last December, meanwhile, examined neurocognitive effects in
medical marijuana patients, finding that “prescribed medical cannabis may have
minimal acute impact on cognitive function among patients with chronic health
conditions.”
Another report, published March in the journal Current Alzheimer Research,
linked marijuana use to lower odds of subjective cognitive decline (SCD),
with consumers and patients reporting less confusion and memory loss compared to
non-users.
A separate 2022 study on marijuana and laziness found no difference in apathy or
reward-based behavior between people who used cannabis on at least a weekly
basis and non-users.
A Washington State University study published late last year found that most
cannabis consumers with sleep issues preferred to use marijuana instead of other
sleep aids to help get to bed, reporting better outcomes the next morning and
fewer side effects. Smoking joints or vaping products that contained THC, CBD
and the terpene myrcene were especially popular.
“Unlike long-acting sedatives and alcohol, cannabis was not associated with a
‘hangover’ effect,” an author of that study said, “although individuals reported
some lingering effects such as sleepiness and changes in mood.”
Quality of sleep often arises in other studies into the potential benefits of
marijuana, and generally, consumers say it enhances their rest. Two other 2023
recent studies, for example—one involving people with chronic health
conditions and another looking at people diagnosed with neurological
disorders—found that sleep quality improved with cannabis use.
> Marijuana Use Linked To Increase In Light Physical Activity, Study Challenging
> ‘Lazy Stoner’ Stereotype Finds
Photo courtesy of Carlos Gracia.
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Related Topics:featured
Don't Miss
Marijuana Use Linked To Increase In Light Physical Activity, Study Challenging
‘Lazy Stoner’ Stereotype Finds
Ben Adlin
Ben Adlin, a senior editor at Marijuana Moment, has been covering cannabis and
other drug policy issues professionally since 2011. He was previously a senior
news editor at Leafly, an associate editor at the Los Angeles Daily Journal and
a Coro Fellow in Public Affairs. He lives in Washington State.
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