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WHY RUSSIAN AND CHINESE WARSHIPS TEAMING UP TO CIRCLE JAPAN IS A BIG DEAL

Analysis by Brad Lendon, CNN
5 minute read
Updated 6:23 AM EDT, Mon October 25, 2021
Link Copied!
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A group of naval vessels from Russia and China conduct a joint maritime military
patrol in the waters of the Pacific Ocean, in this still image taken from video
released on October 23, 2021.
Russian Defense Ministry/Reuters
Hong Kong CNN  — 

A joint Chinese and Russian naval exercise, in which a flotilla of 10 warships
completed a near circle around Japan’s main island, has been touted by the two
countries as a means of ensuring stability in a volatile region.

But analysts say the drills are likely to have the opposite effect, potentially
reigniting regional tensions and enhancing claims by the Japanese government
that it needs to increase military spending to counter Chinese aggression.

The voyage, billed as the first joint China-Russia naval patrol in the western
Pacific, saw the vessels sail through the Tsugaru Strait that separates Japan’s
main island and its northern island of Hokkaido, before heading down the
nation’s eastern coast and then back toward China through the Osumi Strait off
the southern Japanese island of Kyushu.

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The warship formations of China and Russia sail through the Tsugaru Strait in
northern Japan on October 18.
Sun Zifa/China News Service/Getty Images

Though foreign vessels are permitted to sail through the Osumi and Tsugaru
straits, both of which are regarded as international waters, the maneuvers were
closely monitored in Japan.

“It will reinforce the conclusion that Japan has already drawn that China
potentially presents a threat to Japan and therefore it has to increase its own
defense spending and readiness to deal with it,” said Drew Thompson, a former
United States Defense Department official and a visiting senior research fellow
at the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy at the National University of
Singapore.

In a statement Monday, the Japanese Defense Ministry described the exercises,
which ran throughout last week, as “unusual.”

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The China-Russia flotilla consisted of five warships from each country, with a
mix of destroyers, frigates, corvettes and support ships.

The Chinese military said the two navies parted ways in the East China Sea on
Saturday. “The joint exercise and joint cruise have further developed the
China-Russia comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination for the new
era, and effectively improved both sides’ capabilities of joint operations,
which was conducive to jointly maintaining international and regional strategic
stability,” Rear Adm. Bai Yaoping of the People’s Liberation Army’s Northern
Theater Command and the deputy commander of the navy said in a statement.

Russia’s Defense Ministry said the objective of the joint patrol was to
“demonstrate the state flags of Russia and China, maintain peace and stability
in the Asia-Pacific region and also protect facilities of both countries’
maritime economic activity.”

SOUTH CHINA SEA (July 27, 2021) Marine Fighter Attack Squadron 211 (VMFA-211)
conducts flight deck operations onboard the Royal Navy aircraft carrier HMS
Queen Elizabeth (R 08) in the South China Sea on July 27, 2021. VMFA-211 is
attached to the United Kingdom's Carrier Strike Group 21, a UK-led international
strike group including support from the U.S. Navy Arleigh Burke guided-missile
destroyer USS The Sullivans (DDG 68) and The Royal Netherlands Navy HNLMS
Evertsen (F 805). A free and open Indo-Pacific region that is peaceful and
stable is vital to ensuring greater prosperity for the region and the world.
1st Lt. Zachary Bodner

UK's HMS Queen Elizabeth aircraft carrier pictured in South China Sea


JAPAN’S MILITARY BUILDUP

Tensions between China and Japan have spiked in recent years, amid moves by
Beijing to assert sovereignty over Japanese-controlled islands.

China has also been stepping up its military pressure on nearby Taiwan, sending
dozens of warplanes near the island. Japanese officials have previously tied the
security situation in Taiwan to Japan, noting that 90% of Japan’s energy is
imported through the areas around Taiwan.

Though Japanese military spending pales in comparison with China, it has moved
to significantly bolster its defenses, adding state-of-the-art F-35 fighter jets
and converting warships to aircraft carriers for them.

It’s also in the process of adding high-tech destroyers and submarines – all of
which can project its power far from Japanese shores.

The reach of Japan’s Self-Defense Force was clear on Monday, as one the warships
that will eventually be outfitted to carry F-35s – the helicopter destroyer JS
Kaga – conducted bilateral exercises with a US Navy aircraft carrier strike
group in the South China Sea, almost all of which China claims as its sovereign
territory.

And over the summer, Japanese naval forces trained with their counterparts in
the British Carrier Strike Group 21, led by the aircraft carrier HMS Queen
Elizabeth, as well as with US Navy ships in the Pacific.

Beijing has kept a close eye on such events, and the joint Russian flotilla is a
sign from China that it also has partners, said Alessio Patalano, professor of
war and strategy at King’s College in London.

“This summer, US and partner navies have considerably elevated the level of
interoperability in the west Pacific,” he said.”This is something of a weakness
for the Chinese, so the joint patrol seems a response to that.”

Russia and China have an ongoing military partnership and have conducted a
series of joint drills, the most high profile of which was “Vostok 2018,” a
simulated battle in which a Russian-Chinese coalition fought a fictional enemy.

And in August, Russia and China joined forces once again to use a joint command
and control system, with Russian troops integrated into Chinese formations,
according to a statement by China’s Defense Ministry at the time.


CHINA’S ‘HYPOCRISY’

The route taken by the joint Chinese-Russian patrol, through the Osumi Strait at
the end of their journey, as well as through the narrow Tsugaru Strait between
the main islands of Honshu and Hokkaido earlier in the week, has also attracted
a considerable amount of attention.

That’s because when the US Navy or foreign navies transit the Taiwan Strait
between Taiwan and the Chinese mainland, Beijing condemns them as destabilizing.

For instance, after US and Canadian warships sailed through the Taiwan Strait
earlier this month, the Chinese military’s Eastern Theater Command accused the
two sides of colluding to “stir up trouble” and “seriously jeopardize peace and
stability” in the strait.

Play

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China and Taiwan's relationship explained
02:38 - Source: CNN

And at 100 miles (160 kilometers) wide at its narrowest point, the Taiwan Strait
is huge compared to the passages between the Japanese islands. The Osumi Strait,
for example, is just 17 miles (27 kilometers) wide at its narrowest point.

While the Chinese and Russian warships weren’t in violation of international
law, a news segment broadcast on Chinese state TV showed just how close they
came to Japanese territory.

A reporter seemingly aboard one of the Chinese ships is shown passing through
the Tsugaru Strait as the Japanese coastline looms large behind her.

Later, after transiting the strait, the reporter says, “We are now in the
western Pacific, and we can see the Japanese Maritime Self-Defense Force
aircraft not far behind us. They have been following us since the beginning of
our patrol. In addition to the aircraft, they also sent multiple vessels to
track our formation for intelligence gathering.”

Thompson said China can’t espouse one thing then act in the opposite way.

“You either support norms or you support power politics,” he said of the
leadership in Beijing. “This makes their virulent anti-foreign rhetoric
extremely hypocritical.”

So if it’s good for China and Russia, it must be fine for the US, Canada and
other navies that sail in the Taiwan Strait – or even the South China Sea.

“They’re establishing that it is a very accepted international norm,” Thompson
said.

CNN’s Vasco Cotovio, Nectar Gan, Emiko Jozuka, Mayumi Maruyama and Yong Xiong
contributed to this report.


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as the website or app you are using, your non-precise location, your device type
or which content you are (or have been) interacting with (for example, to limit
the number of times an ad is presented to you).

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USE PROFILES TO SELECT PERSONALISED ADVERTISING 27 PARTNERS CAN USE THIS PURPOSE

Use profiles to select personalised advertising

Advertising presented to you on this service can be based on your advertising
profiles, which can reflect your activity on this service or other websites or
apps (like the forms you submit, content you look at), possible interests and
personal aspects.

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CREATE PROFILES FOR PERSONALISED ADVERTISING 31 PARTNERS CAN USE THIS PURPOSE

Create profiles for personalised advertising

Information about your activity on this service (such as forms you submit,
content you look at) can be stored and combined with other information about you
(for example, information from your previous activity on this service and other
websites or apps) or similar users. This is then used to build or improve a
profile about you (that might include possible interests and personal aspects).
Your profile can be used (also later) to present advertising that appears more
relevant based on your possible interests by this and other entities.

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USE PROFILES TO SELECT PERSONALISED CONTENT 7 PARTNERS CAN USE THIS PURPOSE

Use profiles to select personalised content

Content presented to you on this service can be based on your content
personalisation profiles, which can reflect your activity on this or other
services (for instance, the forms you submit, content you look at), possible
interests and personal aspects, such as by adapting the order in which content
is shown to you, so that it is even easier for you to find (non-advertising)
content that matches your interests.

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CREATE PROFILES TO PERSONALISE CONTENT 11 PARTNERS CAN USE THIS PURPOSE

Create profiles to personalise content

Information about your activity on this service (for instance, forms you submit,
non-advertising content you look at) can be stored and combined with other
information about you (such as your previous activity on this service or other
websites or apps) or similar users. This is then used to build or improve a
profile about you (which might for example include possible interests and
personal aspects). Your profile can be used (also later) to present content that
appears more relevant based on your possible interests, such as by adapting the
order in which content is shown to you, so that it is even easier for you to
find content that matches your interests.

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MEASURE ADVERTISING PERFORMANCE 32 PARTNERS CAN USE THIS PURPOSE

Measure advertising performance

Information regarding which advertising is presented to you and how you interact
with it can be used to determine how well an advert has worked for you or other
users and whether the goals of the advertising were reached. For instance,
whether you saw an ad, whether you clicked on it, whether it led you to buy a
product or visit a website, etc. This is very helpful to understand the
relevance of advertising campaigns.

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MEASURE CONTENT PERFORMANCE 13 PARTNERS CAN USE THIS PURPOSE

Measure content performance

Information regarding which content is presented to you and how you interact
with it can be used to determine whether the (non-advertising) content e.g.
reached its intended audience and matched your interests. For instance, whether
you read an article, watch a video, listen to a podcast or look at a product
description, how long you spent on this service and the web pages you visit etc.
This is very helpful to understand the relevance of (non-advertising) content
that is shown to you.

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UNDERSTAND AUDIENCES THROUGH STATISTICS OR COMBINATIONS OF DATA FROM DIFFERENT
SOURCES 20 PARTNERS CAN USE THIS PURPOSE

Understand audiences through statistics or combinations of data from different
sources

Reports can be generated based on the combination of data sets (like user
profiles, statistics, market research, analytics data) regarding your
interactions and those of other users with advertising or (non-advertising)
content to identify common characteristics (for instance, to determine which
target audiences are more receptive to an ad campaign or to certain contents).

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DEVELOP AND IMPROVE SERVICES 30 PARTNERS CAN USE THIS PURPOSE

Develop and improve services

Information about your activity on this service, such as your interaction with
ads or content, can be very helpful to improve products and services and to
build new products and services based on user interactions, the type of
audience, etc. This specific purpose does not include the development or
improvement of user profiles and identifiers.

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ENSURE SECURITY, PREVENT AND DETECT FRAUD, AND FIX ERRORS 40 PARTNERS CAN USE
THIS PURPOSE

Always Active

Your data can be used to monitor for and prevent unusual and possibly fraudulent
activity (for example, regarding advertising, ad clicks by bots), and ensure
systems and processes work properly and securely. It can also be used to correct
any problems you, the publisher or the advertiser may encounter in the delivery
of content and ads and in your interaction with them.

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DELIVER AND PRESENT ADVERTISING AND CONTENT 31 PARTNERS CAN USE THIS PURPOSE

Always Active

Certain information (like an IP address or device capabilities) is used to
ensure the technical compatibility of the content or advertising, and to
facilitate the transmission of the content or ad to your device.

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MATCH AND COMBINE DATA FROM OTHER DATA SOURCES 27 PARTNERS CAN USE THIS PURPOSE

Always Active

Information about your activity on this service may be matched and combined with
other information relating to you and originating from various sources (for
instance your activity on a separate online service, your use of a loyalty card
in-store, or your answers to a survey), in support of the purposes explained in
this notice.

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LINK DIFFERENT DEVICES 26 PARTNERS CAN USE THIS PURPOSE

Always Active

In support of the purposes explained in this notice, your device might be
considered as likely linked to other devices that belong to you or your
household (for instance because you are logged in to the same service on both
your phone and your computer, or because you may use the same Internet
connection on both devices).

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IDENTIFY DEVICES BASED ON INFORMATION TRANSMITTED AUTOMATICALLY 30 PARTNERS CAN
USE THIS PURPOSE

Always Active

Your device might be distinguished from other devices based on information it
automatically sends when accessing the Internet (for instance, the IP address of
your Internet connection or the type of browser you are using) in support of the
purposes exposed in this notice.

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STRICTLY NECESSARY COOKIES

Always Active

These cookies are necessary for the website to function and cannot be switched
off in our systems. You can set your browser to block or alert you about these
cookies, but some parts of the site will not work.

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