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 * Tail Gas/Air Demand Analyzer:
 * Applications
 * Absorbance Curve
 * Sampling
 * Specifications
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 * FAQ
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TLG-837
TAIL GAS/AIR DEMAND ANALYZER

The world’s safest tail gas analyzer. TLG-837 continuously measures the
concentrations of H2S, SO2, COS, and CS2 in the Claus process tail gas stream.
Using the patented in situ DEMISTER sampling probe and a full-spectrum UV-Vis
spectrophotometer, this system provides extremely fast, accurate response for
tight process control.



 * Continuously measures concentrations of H2S and SO2 and outputs Air Demand
   signal (user-defined formula)
 * Patented DEMISTER sampling probe with internal sulfur vapor removal
 * Totally solid state with no moving parts, sample lines, or heat tracing —
   modern design for low maintenance
 * Ultra-safe fiber optic design — no toxic/explosive sample gas in analyzer
   enclosure
 * Superior Off-Ratio range ( 100:1 < H2S/SO2 ratio < 1:20 )



Request a Quote

Contact Us



DEMO VIDEOS

Video:

TLG-837 OVERVIEW

Video:

DEMISTER PROBE

Video:

FREESTANDING TLG-837

Video:

ANALYZER SAFETY

   Features    Technology    Brochure

Demo Videos

Gallery: installation and product photos




APPLICATIONS: TLG-837 TAIL GAS ANALYZER


THE CLAUS PROCESS

H2S is toxic at 10 ppm, entirely lethal at 800 ppm, highly corrosive to
equipment, flammable when in excess of 4.3% by volume in air, and unpleasantly
odorous at a threshold of less than 1 ppb.

Unfortunately, H2S occurs abundantly in the world’s fossil fuel reserves. The
sulfur recovery unit (SRU) of a refinery is dedicated to processing the H2S
stripped from the hydrocarbon fuel through a series of operations that convert
it into water and harmless elemental sulfur, which can be sold and repurposed in
fertilizer, gunpowder, and more.

The Claus process is the industry standard for treating the H2S-rich “sour” gas.
In a furnace, H2S is combusted:

3H2S + 3⁄2O2 SO2 + H2O + 2H2S

A catalytic converter reacts the products of the combustion to create elemental
sulfur in various crystalline forms:

2H2S + SO2 2H2O + 3⁄XSX

As can be deduced from the second reaction above, the typical Claus reaction
runs most efficiently when the stoichiometric ratio of H2S to SO2 is controlled
at 2:1. The 1st reaction above demonstrates that this ratio is controlled by
adjusting the amount of available oxygen.






AIR DEMAND

As demonstrated above, the efficiency of sulfur recovery hinges on the ability
to maintain a set H2S/SO2 ratio in the Claus reaction. This adjustment requires
knowing the exact H2S/SO2 ratio in the tail gas at all times.

A tail gas analyzer measures H2S and SO2 in the stream and continuously outputs
the “Air Demand” control signal, calculated by multiplying the expression
(2[SO2] - H2S) by a scaling factor. Additionally, operators sometimes require
online measurement of COS and CS2 due to side reactions in the reactor.


RELATED APPLICATIONS:

 * Feed Gas (Acid Gas)
 * Sulfur Pit


TAIL GAS ABSORBANCE SPECTRA

To analyze tail gas, the TLG-837 detects the distinctive absorbance curve of
each chemical analyte and mathematically isolates this structure from the total
sample absorbance. In accordance with the Beer-Lambert Law, the TLG-837
correlates the height of each curve directly to the real-time concentration of
its corresponding chemical.

ABSORBANCE CURVE: H2S AND SO2


H2S
SO2
Absorbance (AU)

Wavelength (nm)


SAMPLING: TLG-837 TAIL GAS ANALYZER

The TLG-837 uses our patented in situ DEMISTER Probe for tail gas sampling.
Learn more about this technology below.

 * DEMISTER Probe
 * System Overview
 * Utility Control Panel
 * Safety


DEMISTER PROBE

The DEMISTER sampling probe was designed to be lightweight and compact, so it
can easily be installed by a single technician. The probe is mounted on the
process pipe via flange.

The actual interaction between the sample gas and the light signal occurs in the
flow cell disk within the probe head, where fiber optic connections on opposite
ends transmit light across the path length of the disk.

AUTOMATIC SULFUR VAPOR REMOVAL

Tail gas contains elemental sulfur which is quick to condense and plug
mechanical cavities or obstruct optical signals. The DEMISTER Probe removes
sulfur from the rising sample as an internalized function within the probe body.
Recycling the steam generated by the Claus process, the probe controls the
temperature along its body at a level where all sulfur vapor in the rising
sample condenses and drips back down to the process pipe.

Inside the probe, an internal ‘demister’ chamber (concentric to the probe body)
is fed with low pressure steam. Since the LP steam is much cooler than the tail
gas, this chamber has a cooling effect on the rising sample. Elemental sulfur
has the lowest condensation point of all of the components in the tail gas. Due
to the internal probe temperature maintained by the LP steam, all of the
elemental sulfur in the rising sample is selectively removed by condensation
while a high-integrity sample continues upward for analysis in the probe head.

The point of interaction between the light signal and the sample gas occurs in
the flow cell disk inside the probe head. The flow cell disk has a built-in HP
steam channel to heat the cell and ensure that any present sulfur remains
gaseous—eliminating the possibility of condensation on the optical windows.

An aspirator creates a Venturi effect which pulls the sample up the probe body
intake path, through the flow cell for analysis, and down the return line. The
used sample is released back into the process pipe.


SYSTEM OVERVIEW


UTILITY CONTROL PANEL

The Utility Control Panel (UCP) regulates utilities going to the DEMISTER
sampling probe for the TLG-837. The UCP is optional; the customer can decide to
purchase the UCP from Applied Analytics or build your own integration panel.
View datasheet

 * Regulates LP steam pressure for demister chamber in probe body
 * Regulates HP steam pressure for flow cell steam tracing in probe head
 * Provides zero gas for Auto Zero sequence
 * Provides span gas in case Auto Span is desired
 * Controls aspirator flow rate
 * Provides steam failure blowback feature: in the event of faulty steam
   utilities, the flow cell disk is sealed from the sample and the cell is
   purged with nitrogen from the UCP


ULTRA-SAFE DESIGN

The major safety flaw of other tail gas analyzers is that they bring the toxic
sample fluid into the analyzer enclosure for analysis. Not only does this
practice expose the system electronics to higher corrosion effects, it also
poses a lethal threat: if there is any leak in the instrument — especially
inside a shelter — the human operator is placed at enormous risk.

The key difference between the TLG-837 and other tail gas analyzers is the use
of fiber optic cables: we bring the light to the sample instead of bringing the
sample to the light. The toxic sample only needs to circulate through the probe,
and never enters the analyzer electronics enclosure.

 * No danger of leaks inside the analyzer because the tail gas does not enter
   the analyzer enclosure
 * No need for a shelter — system designed for outdoor environment
 * Custom fiber length up to 6 meters allows for distance between analyzer and
   probe
 * User can safely perform service on the analyzer while process is running — no
   exposure to sample gas
 * Digital link (e.g. Modbus) provides additional process data during any upset
   conditions — personnel do not need to physically visit the analyzer during
   potentially dangerous situations
 * Full port 2” ball valve provides process seal, allowing isolation and removal
   of probe while process running


SPECIFICATIONS: TLG-837 TAIL GAS ANALYZER

Note: All performance specifications are subject to the assumption that the
utility control panel and unit installation are approved by Applied Analytics.
For any other arrangement, please inquire directly with Sales.

 * General
 * Performance
 * Certifications

Measurement PrincipleDispersive ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) absorbance
spectrophotometryDetectornova II™ UV-Vis diode array spectrophotometerSpectral
Range200-800 nmLight SourcePulsed xenon lamp (average 5 year lifespan)Signal
Transmission600 μm core 4 meter fiber optic cables
Other lengths availableSample IntroductionIn situ DEMISTER ProbeAnalyzer
CalibrationCalibrated with certified calibration fluids; no re-calibration
required after initial calibration; measurement normalized by Auto ZeroReading
VerificationSimple verification with samplesHuman Machine InterfaceIndustrial
controller with touch-screen LCD display running ECLIPSE™ SoftwareData
StorageSolid State DriveOPERATING CONDITIONSAnalyzer EnvironmentIndoor/Outdoor
(no shelter required)Ambient TemperatureStandard: 0 to 35 °C (32 to 95 °F)
With optional temperature control: -20 to 55 °C (-4 to 131 °F)
To avoid radiational heating, use of a sunshade is recommended for systems
installed in direct sunlight.OUTPUTSStandard Outputs1x galvanically isolated
4-20mA analog output per measured analyte
5x digital relay outputs for indication and control
1x K type ungrounded thermocouple inputOptional OutputsModbus TCP/IP; RS-232;
RS-485; Fieldbus; HARTPHYSICAL SPECIFICATIONSWetted MaterialsStainless Steel
316/316L, Kalrez
Other materials availableAnalyzer Enclosurewall-mounted NEMA 4X stainless steel
type 304 Enclosure
Other enclosures availableIP RatingIP66Probe MaterialStainless Steel 316/316L
Other materials availableSystem DimensionsAnalyzer: 24” H x 20” W x 8” D (610mm
H x 508mm W x 203mm D)
Probe (Average): 36” length x 12“ widest diameter (914mm x 305mm)
System WeightAnalyzer: 32 lbs. (15 kg)
Probe (Average): 29 lbs. (13 kg)


MEASURING PARAMETERSAccuracy/RepeatabilityAnalyteTypical
RangeAccuracyRepeatabilityH2S0-2% ± 1% full scale ± 0.4%SO20-2% ± 1% full
scale ± 0.4%air demanduser-defined ± 1% full scale ± 0.4%Off-Ratio Range100:1 <
H2S:SO2 < 1:20Response Time1-5 secondsSensitivity ±0.1% full scaleNoise ±0.004
AU at 220 nm

Standard Design General Purpose Available Options ATEX, IECEx, EAC, PESO, JPN
Please inquire with your sales representative for additional certifications
(CSA, FM etc.).


GALLERY: TLG-837 TAIL GAS ANALYZER


INSTALLATION AND PRODUCT PHOTOS




FAQ: TLG-837 TAIL GAS ANALYZER

 1. WHAT IS SULFUR RECOVERY AND WHY IS IT IMPORTANT?

Modern refineries are required to remove sulfur containing compounds such as
hydrogen sulfide (H2S) or sulfur dioxide (SO2) to meet emission and
environmental regulations. This sulfur is removed from the process gas and
recovered using the modified Claus process. In this process hydrogen sulfide is
partially burned to form a mixture of H2S and SO2. The resulting mixture is then
catalytically converted to elemental sulfur. Further recovery can be achieved
using a tail gas treatment unit, or TGTU. These technologies have enabled the
production of low sulfur fuels and prevent environmental hazards such as H2S and
SO2 from being released into the atmosphere.

 1. HOW DOES THE TLG-837 TAIL GAS AND AIR DEMAND ANALYZER MEASURE SULFUR
    COMPOSITION?

The TLG-837 uses dispersive ultraviolet spectroscopy to determine the
concentration of H2S and SO2 in the tail gas. This feature enables the analysis
of multiple components such H2S, SO2, CS2 or COS without the need for delicate
filters or moving parts.

 1. WHAT IS DIFFERENT ABOUT THE TLG-837 COMPARED TO OTHER PRODUCTS AVAILABLE ON
    THE MARKET?

Measurements are made in-situ or “in-place” using our patented cold-finger
DEMISITER Probe. Rather than the sample being drawn through a sample line to the
process analyzer, analysis light is brought to the mixture instead. This setup
enables a safer and more reliable process analyzer, as hazardous hydrogen
sulfide does not need to be extracted and carried to the process analyzer. This
design has the added benefit of eliminating the possibility of sample lines
becoming clogged in the future.

 1. WHAT IS UNIQUE ABOUT THE TLG-837 COLD-FINGER DEMISTER PROBE AND HOW DOES IT
    PREVENT FOULING ISSUES FROM ELEMENTAL SULFUR?

The DEMISTER Probe utilizes low pressure process steam flowing through the
probe’s internal demister chamber to lower the temperature of the process gas,
causing elemental sulfur to precipitate prior to the composition measurement in
the probe’s flow cell.

 1. WHERE CAN THE TLG PROBE BE USED?

The TLG probe can be used in multiple ways including as an air demand analyzer
and as a sulfur pit headspace analyzer. If you have an application that’s not
listed here, please reach out to Applied Analytics for more information.

 1. WHAT ARE THE UTILITY REQUIREMENTS FOR THE TLG-837?

The TLG-837 requires access to steam, instrument air, and an electrical
connection. The exact specifications are listed below:

 1. Electrical requirements: 85 to 264 VAC, 47 to 63 Hz
 2. Instrument air: 80 psig (-40 °C dew point)
 3. Steam pressure:
    1. 20 psig for DEMISTER chamber
    2. 55-100 psig for probe blowback function
    3. 55-100 psig for optional ball valve steam jacket



 1. HOW DOES THE TLG-837 ENSURE ACCURACY OVERTIME?

The TLG-837 will automatically zero at regular preset intervals with instrument
air to ensure a repeatability of ±0.4%.

 1. WHAT ARE THE TYPICAL MEASUREMENT RANGES FOR THE TLG-837 TAIL GAS AND AIR
    DEMAND ANALYZER?

The TLG-837 typical measurement is between 0%-2% for both H2S and SO2 with an
accuracy of ± 1% the full scale.

 1. WHAT IS THE STANDARD FIBER LENGTH?

The standard fiber length is 4m.

 1. WHAT IS THE TYPICAL RESPONSE TIME?

The typical time is 1-5 seconds.

 1. WHAT IS THE SPECTRAL RANGE FOR YOUR TLG-837 TAIL GAS AND AIR DEMAND
    ANALYZER?

The spectral range is between 200nm and 800nm.

 1. HOW LARGE IS THE TLG-837 TAIL GAS AND AIR DEMAND PROBE AND ANALYZER
    ASSEMBLY?

The analyzer’s dimensions 24” H x 20” W x 8” D (610mm H x 508mm W x 203mm D) and
weighs approximately 32 lbs (15 kg). The tail gas probe’s dimensions are 36” L x
12” W (914mm x 305mm) and weights approximately 29 lbs (13kg).


RESOURCES: TLG-837 TAIL GAS ANALYZER

Brochure: TLG-837 Tail Gas/Air Demand Analyzer
Brochure
DS-004A: TLG-837 Tail Gas Analyzer Unit
Data Sheet
DS-004B: TLG-837 Demister Probe
Data Sheet
DS-004C: TLG-837 Utility Control Panel
Data Sheet
DS-004F: TLG-837 ATEX-IECEx Certified - Exp
Data Sheet
DS-004G: TLG-837 ATEX-IECEx Certified - Exd
Data Sheet
SRU Analyzers
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