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TICKETMASTER BREACH SHOWCASES SAAS DATA SECURITY RISKS

MFA and other mechanisms are critical to protect against unauthorized access to
data in cloud application environments, but businesses still fall down on the
job.

Jai Vijayan, Contributing Writer

June 4, 2024

4 Min Read
Source: T. Schneider via Shutterstock


A massive data breach at Ticketmaster and another one at Santander Bank last
month may have both resulted from a fundamental failure by the companies to
properly secure access to the data on a third-party cloud storage service.

The incidents are the latest reminder of why organizations storing sensitive
data in the cloud need to implement multifactor authentication (MFA), IP
restrictions, and other mechanisms to protect access to it. This might seem like
low-hanging fruit, but it's clear that even IT-mature companies continue to
overlook cloud security in the rush toward digital transformation.




MASSIVE BREACHES

In a regulatory filing over the weekend, Ticketmaster parent Live Nation
Entertainment said it was the victim of a May 20 breach involving a database
hosted by a third-party cloud storage provider. The company's May 31 disclosure
came after reports surfaced last week of data belonging to some 550 million
Ticketmaster customers being put up for sale on a Dark Web forum by
"ShinyHunters," an entity believed associated with the BreachForums leak site.
Ticketmaster itself has not publicly disclosed any details of the breach beyond
what it has included in the SEC filing.



Santander Bank disclosed a similar breach on May 14. In a statement at the time,
the Spanish banking institution said someone had obtained unauthorized access to
a database hosted by a third-party cloud services provider that contained
employee and customer data. Among those primarily impacted were Santander Bank
customers in Spain, Chile, and Uruguay.



ShinyHunters has claimed credit for the Santander theft as well and said the
database it accessed contains data on some 30 million Santander customers, 28
million credit card numbers, account balances, HR employee lists, and other
data. The threat actor has put the data up for sale for $2 million.

Both Ticketmaster and Santander have not disclosed the identity of the
third-party cloud service. But numerous security analysts have identified the
provider as Snowflake, a cloud storage provider that counts companies such as
MasterCard, Honeywell, Disney, Albertsons, JetBlue, and other major brands as
its customers.


A FAILURE TO PROTECT?

Snowflake has acknowledged that there has been malicious activity that has
targeted some of its customer accounts in recent weeks, but so far it has not
identified which customers are affected. The company said an investigation that
it conducted with help from Mandiant and CrowdStrike has shown no evidence to
suggest the activity is linked to any "vulnerability, misconfiguration, or
breach of Snowflake's platform."  



Instead, the attacks appear to be part of a broader "targeted campaign directed
at users with single-factor authentication," Snowflake said. "As part of this
campaign, threat actors have leveraged credentials previously purchased or
obtained through infostealing malware," and used them to access customer
accounts, the cloud storage vendor said.

David Bradbury, chief security officer (CSO) at Okta, says the recent incidents
highlight the importance of ensuring that software-as-a-service (SaaS)
applications within corporate environments have phishing-resistant MFA as well
as network IP restrictions that limit access from only trusted locations.
"However, MFA and inbound IP restrictions aren't enough on their own," he adds.

Attackers are increasingly focusing on post-authentication attacks that bypass
MFA altogether, he says. An attacker that cannot steal user credentials will
pivot to stealing proof of authentication, which is why security mechanisms such
as session token binding are vital for SaaS applications, Bradbury says.



Based on the available information so far, the data leaks via the Snowflake
platform do not appear to be the result of any mistake on the cloud vendor's
part. Rather, it appears to be a failure by the victim organizations to follow
cloud security and configuration baselines, says Michael Lyborg, CISO at
Swimlane.


THE CLOUD SECURITY SHARED RESPONSIBILITY MODEL

Under most current cloud shared responsibility models, the cloud vendor and
customer typically split responsibility for identity and access management (IAM)
and the enforcement of MFA. But ultimately, it's up to customers to follow the
provider's best practices, configuration and implementation guidelines to
mitigate risks to data, Lyborg says.

"I believe providers should enforce MFA and least privilege and zero trust by
default to assist customers in their digital transformation journey," he says.
"If an exception is made to circumvent the configuration baseline, other
compensating controls should be a requirement."

However, Patrick Tiquet, vice president, security and architecture, at Keeper
Security, says it's unreasonable to expect cloud providers to implement
mandatory MFA and other secure by default practices in all cases.

"Each organization has unique security requirements and preferences, and uniform
security measures could limit the flexibility and customization that customers
seek from cloud services," he says. "Additionally, some customers may already
have robust security protocols in place or may prefer to implement their own
security measures, which are tailored to their specific needs."

Even so, the Ticketmaster and Santander breaches show that organizations must be
aware of the potential risks in relying on their own security measures, and
recognize the fact that weak or absent authentication mechanisms are prime
targets for hackers to gain unauthorized access.

"As cloud adoption continues to rise, and more organizations transition their
operations to the cloud," Tiquet says, "it's imperative for both cloud providers
and customers to prioritize security and implement robust measures to protect
against cyber threats."










ABOUT THE AUTHOR(S)

Jai Vijayan, Contributing Writer



Jai Vijayan is a seasoned technology reporter with over 20 years of experience
in IT trade journalism. He was most recently a Senior Editor at Computerworld,
where he covered information security and data privacy issues for the
publication. Over the course of his 20-year career at Computerworld, Jai also
covered a variety of other technology topics, including big data, Hadoop,
Internet of Things, e-voting, and data analytics. Prior to Computerworld, Jai
covered technology issues for The Economic Times in Bangalore, India. Jai has a
Master's degree in Statistics and lives in Naperville, Ill.

See more from Jai Vijayan, Contributing Writer
Keep up with the latest cybersecurity threats, newly discovered vulnerabilities,
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