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UN COMMISSION OF INQUIRY WELCOMES INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE ADVISORY
OPINION STATING THAT ISRAELI OCCUPATION OF PALESTINIAN TERRITORY IS NOW ILLEGAL
UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW

22 July 2024

Non-official UN languages: Hebrew (PDF)
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International law obligates UN, Member States and international organizations to
end Israel’s unlawful presence in Occupied Palestinian Territory, UN Commission
says

GENEVA (22 July 2024) – The UN Independent International Commission of Inquiry
on the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem, and Israel
welcomes the historic advisory opinion issued Friday by the International Court
of Justice (ICJ) stating that the Israeli occupation of Palestinian territory is
now illegal under international law.

“The Court was clear and unambiguous, and the advisory opinion entails
international legal obligations not only for Israel, but for the UN and all
States,” said Navi Pillay, the Chair of the Commission. “The maintenance and
promotion of the international rules-based order will depend on compliance with
this advisory opinion.”

In September 2022, in its report to the General Assembly (A/77/328), the
Commission concluded that the Israeli occupation of the Palestinian territory
was unlawful under international law owing to its permanence and to actions
undertaking by Israel to annex parts of the land de facto and de jure. The
Commission stated that the permanent occupation and annexation by Israel could
not remain unaddressed.

The Commission recommended that the General Assembly request an advisory opinion
from the ICJ on the legal consequences of the prolonged occupation of the
Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem, and on the obligations
of third States and UN.

The Commission welcomed the General Assembly’s referral to the ICJ a few weeks
later for an advisory opinion, and issued a detailed position paper on the
subject in September 2023.

In its advisory opinion on Friday, the ICJ - the highest court in the UN system
- authoritatively set forth the law of occupation and the duties and obligations
of an occupying power. The Court reiterated the prohibition of the acquisition
of territory by the use of force, and the inalienable right of a people to
self-determination. It then applied that law to the situation of Israel’s
occupation of the Palestinian territory since 1967.

Israel’s policies and practices of establishing settlements and annexing
territory, resulting in the forcible transfer of Palestinians from their lands,
confiscation of Palestinian land and property, exploitation of natural resources
and discriminatory legal regimes in occupied territory are all in violation of
international law, including humanitarian law and human rights law.

The Court stated that “the United Nations, and especially the General Assembly,
which requested this opinion, and the Security Council, should consider the
precise modalities and further action required to bring to an end as rapidly as
possible the unlawful presence of the State of Israel in the Occupied
Palestinian Territory.”

To assist the General Assembly and the Security Council in determining
appropriate modalities and actions, the Commission will report on the
implications of this advisory opinion for the responsibility the State of
Israel, the State of Palestine, third States, and where appropriate business
entities, and the UN.

Background: The UN Human Rights Council mandated the Commission on 27 May 2021
to “investigate, in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East
Jerusalem, and in Israel, all alleged violations of international humanitarian
law and all alleged violations and abuses of international human rights law
leading up to and since 13 April 2021.” Resolution A/HRC/RES/S-30/1 further
requested the commission of inquiry to “investigate all underlying root causes
of recurrent tensions, instability and protraction of conflict, including
systematic discrimination and repression based on national, ethnic, racial or
religious identity.” The Commission of Inquiry was mandated to report to the
Human Rights Council and the General Assembly annually commencing from June 2022
and September 2022, respectively.

More information on the work of the United Nations Independent International
Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East
Jerusalem, and Israel, can be found at:
https://www.ohchr.org/en/hr-bodies/hrc/co-israel/index

For more information and media requests, please contact: Todd Pitman, Media
Adviser for the Human Right Council’s Investigative Missions, at
todd.pitman@un.org, Cell: +41 76 691 1761.




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