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WELCOME TO WIKIPEDIA

,
the free encyclopedia that anyone can edit.
6,696,375 articles in English


FROM TODAY'S FEATURED ARTICLE

Royal seal of Edward Balliol

The Battle of Dupplin Moor, the first major battle of the Second War of Scottish
Independence, was fought between supporters of King David II of Scotland and
English-backed invaders supporting Edward Balliol (seal pictured) on 11 August
1332. Balliol and a largely English force of 1,500 landed in Fife and marched on
Perth, the Scottish capital. The Scots, estimated to have been between 15,000
and 40,000 strong, raced to attack the English, disorganising their own
formations. Unable to break the line of English men-at-arms, the Scots became
trapped in a valley with fresh forces arriving from the rear pressing them
forward and giving them no room to manoeuvre, or even to use their weapons.
English longbowmen fired into both Scottish flanks. Many Scots died of
suffocation or were trampled underfoot. Eventually the Scots broke and the
English men-at-arms mounted and pursued the fugitives until nightfall. Perth
fell, the remaining Scottish forces dispersed, and Balliol was crowned King of
Scots. (Full article...)

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DID YOU KNOW ...

Dolwyddelan Castle
 * ... that after Dolwyddelan Castle (pictured) was captured in January 1283,
   its new garrison was equipped with winter camouflage of white material and
   stockings?
 * ... that former basketball player David Webber broke a record previously held
   by all-time great Larry Bird?
 * ... that "In Bloom", the lead single of the EP Youth in the Shade, samples
   A-ha's 1984 single "Take On Me"?
 * ... that Misuzu Yamada worked as a nursery teacher before starting her
   voice-acting career?
 * ... that a Nebraska public radio station operated from a 1916-built Carnegie
   library in the 1970s and 1980s?
 * ... that according to artist Tetsuya Nomura, Vanille's attire took
   inspiration from the Himba people of Namibia?
 * ... that the Soviet Union boycotted the United Nations in 1950?
 * ... that Nickelodeon storyboard artists created a book with hundreds of
   pornographic drawings of SpongeBob SquarePants characters?

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IN THE NEWS

Wildfire damage to Lahaina
 * Wildfires in Hawaii kill at least 53 people and destroy much of Lahaina
   (damage pictured) on the island of Maui.
 * Ecuadorian presidential candidate Fernando Villavicencio is assassinated in
   Quito, eleven days before the general election.
 * The Hazara Express train derails in Sindh, Pakistan, killing 30 people.
 * In cricket, the Ashes concludes with Australia retaining the trophy, drawing
   the series against England.

Ongoing:
 * FIFA Women's World Cup
 * Nigerien crisis
 * Russian invasion of Ukraine
 * Sudan conflict

Recent deaths:
 * Hélène Carrère d'Encausse
 * Carmen Xtravaganza
 * Federico Bahamontes
 * Dalia Fadila
 * Sherry Combs Johnson
 * Mariana Sîrbu

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ON THIS DAY

August 11: Independence Day in Chad (1960)

DJ Kool Herc
 * 1492 – The first papal conclave to be held in the Sistine Chapel elected
   Roderic Borja as Pope Alexander VI to succeed Innocent VIII.
 * 1929 – The first Bud Billiken Parade and Picnic, the oldest and largest
   African-American parade in the United States, was held in Chicago.
 * 1945 – Amid rumors of kidnappings of children by Jews in Kraków, a crowd of
   Poles took part in a pogrom, resulting in at least one death.
 * 1973 – At a party in New York City, Jamaican musician DJ Kool Herc (pictured)
   began rapping during an extended break, laying the foundation for hip hop
   music.

 * Guttorm of Norway (d. 1204)
 * James B. Longacre (b. 1794)
 * Enid Blyton (b. 1897)
 * Ian McDiarmid (b. 1944)

More anniversaries:
 * August 10
 * August 11
 * August 12

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FROM TODAY'S FEATURED LIST

Vyacheslav Molotov

The first deputy premier of the Soviet Union was the deputy head of government
of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Despite the title, the office was
not necessarily held by a single individual. A first deputy premier was
responsible over a specific policy area. For example, Kirill Mazurov was
responsible for industry, while Dmitry Polyansky was responsible for
agriculture. In addition, an officeholder would be responsible for coordinating
the activities of ministries, state committees, and other bodies subordinated to
the government. Twenty-six individuals held the post of first deputy premier.
The first officeholder was Valerian Kuybyshev, who was inaugurated in 1934.
Lavrentiy Beria spent the shortest time in office, serving for 113 days. At more
than seventeen years, Vyacheslav Molotov (pictured) spent the longest time in
office, and held his position through most of Joseph Stalin's term as Premier of
the Soviet Union, as well as through the chairmanships of Georgy Malenkov and
Nikolai Bulganin. (Full list...)

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 * British armies in World War II
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TODAY'S FEATURED PICTURE

A Kármán vortex street is a process in fluid dynamics in which a repeating
pattern of swirling vortices, caused by vortex shedding, is responsible for the
unsteady flow separation of a fluid around blunt bodies. It is named after the
Hungarian-American engineer and fluid dynamicist Theodore von Kármán. This
monochromatic satellite image, taken by NASA's Landsat 7 in 1999, shows a Kármán
vortex street caused by wind flowing around Alejandro Selkirk Island, part of
the Juan Fernández Islands off the Chilean coast in the South Pacific Ocean. The
flow of atmospheric air over obstacles such as islands can cause vortex streets
when a cloud layer is present at a certain altitude. It can reach a length of
more than 400 kilometres (250 miles) from the obstacle in such cases, with a
typical vortex diameter of 20 to 40 km (12 to 25 mi).

Photograph credit: Robert Cahalan, NASA

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 * This page was last edited on 5 October 2022, at 19:27 (UTC).
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