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HOW TO INSTALL UBUNTU 20.04 LTS DESKTOP (FOCAL FOSSA)

May 25, 2020
ubuntuubuntu 20.04

Home » SysAdmin » How to Install Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Desktop (Focal Fossa)

Contents
1. Step 1: Download the Installation Media
2. Step 2: Create Bootable USB
1. Option 1: Create a Bootable USB Drive on Ubuntu
2. Option 2: Create Bootable USB Drive on Windows
3. Step 3: Boot up Ubuntu from USB
4. Step 4: Run Ubuntu
5. Step 5: Install Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Desktop
1. Choose Keyboard Layout
2. Choose Starting Applications
3. Disk Partitioning
4. Select Time Zone
5. Create User Account

Introduction

Ubuntu 20.04 (codenamed Focal Fossa) was released on April 23, 2020. It’s a
Long-Term Support (LTS) release, meaning that it will receive support and
updates until April 2025.

This guide will help you install a fresh copy of Ubuntu 20.04 LTS on your
computer.

New Ubuntu 20.04 Features

* Linux Kernel 5.4 – This version of the Linux kernel adds support for a wider
range of processors. It also includes improvements for boot speed,
power-saving, and USB-C, plus several security features.
* Gnome 3.36 – Gnome has been updated and improved. System animations should be
smoother and have a lower impact on CPU usage.
* ZFS 0.8.3 file system – Improved performance and native encryption.
* Dark theme
* Redesigned login screen
* Newer versions of popular programming languages – Python 3.8, OpenJDK 11, PHP
7.4, Glibc 2.31, Rustc 1.41, GCC 9.3, Ruby 2.7.0, Perl 5.30, Golang 1.13.

Note: If you are looking to upgrade from an older version of Ubuntu, follow our
guide on updating to Ubuntu 20.04.

Prerequisites

* System requirements (recommended):
* 2 GHz dual-core processor
* 4GB memory
* 25GB available disk space for storage (less if installing the minimal
version)
* DVD drive or USB port
* At least a 4GB USB drive

STEP 1: DOWNLOAD THE INSTALLATION MEDIA

1. In a web browser, visit the Ubuntu download page and pick the Ubuntu version
suitable for your machine. The most popular versions include:

* Ubuntu Desktop
* Ubuntu Server
* Ubuntu Derivatives

2. Once you find the version you need, click the green Download button. You’ll
be taken to a thank-you page, and your download should start. (We will download
and install Ubuntu 20.04 for desktops.)

The download is an .iso file. You can use it to create a bootable USB drive.

3. Save the file to a location of your choice.

Note: If you’re installing to a virtual machine (like VirtualBox), you can mount
the .iso image directly.

STEP 2: CREATE BOOTABLE USB

You will need a USB drive with 4GB or more. This process will delete all data on
the USB drive. Make sure to backup any existing data on the USB drive.

OPTION 1: CREATE A BOOTABLE USB DRIVE ON UBUNTU

Use the Create startup disk tool:

1. Open a search dialog, and type create startup.
2. If it’s not installed, the Software Center will offer the option to install
it – choose the option for USB drive, then open the utility.
3. In the top pane, click Other, then browse and select the Ubuntu 20.04 .iso
file you downloaded.
4. In the bottom pane, select your USB drive.
5. Click Make startup disk.

OPTION 2: CREATE BOOTABLE USB DRIVE ON WINDOWS

You’ll need to install a third-party utility called Rufus to create a USB
bootable drive.

1. Download the Rufus utility. Scroll down to the download section and click the
link to download the latest version of Rufus.

2. Run the file once downloaded.

3. A pop-up dialog opens. You will be prompted whether you want to check for
online updates. Select No.

4. The Rufus utility launches. Plug in the USB drive – you should see the drive
pop up in the device field.

* Set the USB as the device you wish to write to.
* In the Boot Selection drop-down, click Disk or ISO Image.
* Click the Select button to the right.
* Browse and select the .iso Ubuntu file you downloaded earlier.

5. Click Start.

STEP 3: BOOT UP UBUNTU FROM USB

1. Turn off your system. Make sure you remove all other USB devices, such as
printers, memory cards, etc.

2. Insert the Ubuntu USB drive into the system and turn on your machine.

There are two possible scenarios:

* The computer boots the USB drive automatically.
* You need to manually configure USB booting in the Boot Menu or BIOS/UEFI.

3. To manually configure the boot order, tap the boot menu key about once or
twice per second as soon as the computer powers on.

The boot menu key may be different depending on your computer manufacturer.
Below is a list of common boot keys associated to a brand:

AsusF8 or EscAcerF12, F9 or EscCompaqF9 or EscDellF12eMachinesF12FujitsuF12HPF9 or EscLenovoF8, F10 or F12SamsungF2, F12 or EscToshibaF12

4. Once you see your boot menu, use the arrows to pick the Ubuntu media to boot
from. For a DVD, the entry will usually have DVD or Optical in the name. USB is
usually labeled USB.

Your system should start loading the Ubuntu live disc menu.

Note: If you are experiencing issues when booting the USB from the boot menu,
try to boot the USB from BIOS/UEFI.

STEP 4: RUN UBUNTU

You can test Ubuntu 20.04 before you commit to installing it. The .iso includes
a live mode that only runs in memory.

Launch this mode by clicking Try Ubuntu.

STEP 5: INSTALL UBUNTU 20.04 LTS DESKTOP

To begin the installation, click Install Ubuntu.

CHOOSE KEYBOARD LAYOUT

By default, the system will select English and English.

If you have a non-standard keyboard, you can select it in the list. Alternately,
click Detect Keyboard Layout and the system will automatically choose your
keyboard. If you need to test your keyboard, use the labeled field.

When you’re ready, click Continue.

CHOOSE STARTING APPLICATIONS

* Normal Installation – This is the full Ubuntu Desktop experience, with office
software, games, and media players.
* Minimal Installation – Choose this to save disk space, especially if you
won’t be using media players or productivity software.

You’ll also be asked to confirm other options:

* Download updates while installing Ubuntu – This does the work of downloading
large package files during the installation. Once the installation finishes,
the packages will be ready to apply as updates.
* Install third-party software for graphics and Wi-Fi hardware and additional
media formats – Some hardware, like graphics cards and wi-fi cards, do not
have open-source driver support. Also, some media formats, such as .wmv, do
not fall under the GPL license. If you need support for these, you’ll need to
agree to additional terms of use.

DISK PARTITIONING

Next, you’ll be presented with an Installation Type dialog. You can wipe the
hard drive clean prior to installing Ubuntu by clicking Erase disk and install
Ubuntu. If you go this route, skip ahead to the next step.

Advanced users may want to edit Advanced Features. Use this to specify your own
disk partitions or set other advanced options:

* Use LVM with the new Ubuntu installation: LVM stands for Logical Volume
Management. This is a tool for dynamically managing different virtual drives
on your system. It’s much like an enhanced version of the gparted tool.
* Encrypt the new Ubuntu installation for security: This will encrypt the
drive’s contents. You’ll choose a security key, which will be required to
decrypt and use the drive.
* Experimental: Erase disk and use ZFS: ZFS refers to Zettabyte File System,
but it has grown into a hybrid file system and volume manager. Since it’s
still being tested, avoid this setting on mission-critical production
systems.

If you’d rather create your own hard drive partitions, click Something Else.

The next screen will allow you to create your own partition table and logical
drives. This lets you divide a physical hard drive into different partitions.
The operating system sees partitions as individual drives.

Note: Some users create their /home directory on a separate partition. If Ubuntu
needs to be reinstalled, the partition with the /home directory is unaffected.

Click Continue to apply your changes to the drive partitions.

You’ll be asked to Write changes to disks? None of the options you’ve selected
are permanent until you click Continue on this screen. Click Continue to
proceed.

SELECT TIME ZONE

Once the system formats the disk partitions, the installer will ask Where are
you?

Type the nearest large city into the box, and the system will set your local
time zone.

Click Continue.

Note: It’s always possible to change the timezone on Ubuntu at a later point in
time.

CREATE USER ACCOUNT

Next, you’ll need to configure a user account. Fill in the following fields:

* Name: Your actual name.
* Computer name: This is the hostname or network name.
* Username: The user account name you want to use.
* Password: Enter and confirm a strong password – the installer will
automatically evaluate your password strength.
* Log in automatically: This is not recommended for publicly accessible
servers.
* Require my password to log in: This is recommended for publicly accessible
servers.

Click Continue to install Ubuntu.

Once the installer finishes, remove the Ubuntu installation media. You’ll be
prompted to Restart Now.

The system should boot into your fresh install of Ubuntu 20.04.

Conclusion

You should now have successfully installed Ubuntu 20.04 on your computer.

If you’re on a network, you may see a prompt to install updates. Install them,
the only time to avoid updates is when newer versions conflict with
mission-critical software.

If you want to learn about the newest release, check how to install Ubuntu 22.04
LTS.

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Dejan Tucakov
Dejan is the Head of Content at phoenixNAP with over 8 years of experience in
Web publishing and technical writing. Prior to joining PNAP, he was Chief Editor
of several websites striving to advocate for emerging technologies. He is
dedicated to simplifying complex notions and providing meaningful insight into
data center and cloud technology.
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