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1. ArchDaily
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3. Airport
4. India
5. Kempegowda International Airport Bengaluru / Skidmore, Owings & Merrill

KEMPEGOWDA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT BENGALURU / SKIDMORE, OWINGS & MERRILL

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Kempegowda International Airport Bengaluru / Skidmore, Owings & Merrill

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© Ar. Ekansh Goel © Studio Recall

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Airport
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Bengaluru, India
* Architects: Skidmore, Owings & Merrill
* Area Area of this architecture project Area: 380000 m²
* Year Completion year of this architecture project Year: 2023
* Photographs
Photographs:Ar. Ekansh Goel © Studio Recall

* City: Bengaluru
* Country: India

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© Ar. Ekansh Goel © Studio Recall

Text description provided by the architects. The opening of Terminal 2 at
Kempegowda International Airport, Bengaluru (BLR Airport) marks a transformative
moment for the state of Karnataka in southern India. Located in Bengaluru, one
of the country’s largest cities, the 255,000-square-meter terminal emphasizes
the city’s rich history and culture, while looking toward the future. It
increases the airport’s annual passenger capacity by 25 million and is a
striking civic gateway that will establish BLR Airport as one of the world’s
premier airports.

Save this picture!
© Ar. Ekansh Goel © Studio Recall
Save this picture!
© Ar. Ekansh Goel © Studio Recall

The terminal creates a radically different airport experience for passengers. A
new multimodal transit hub—an outdoor space simultaneously serving as a retail
and event hub right in front of the terminal—reimagines the role an airport can
play in a city. From this transit hub, through the entrance, and extending to
the gates, the terminal is both humanist and rooted in nature. Throughout the
complex, interior plantings, exterior gardens, and rich natural materials weave
the experience of nature into travelers’ journeys. Clad in brick, engineered
bamboo, and glass, the complex consists of a set of interconnected buildings
tied together by a continuous band of outdoor, landscaped spaces designed in
collaboration with Grant Associates and designers Abu Jani/Sandeep Khosla—a
“terminal in a garden” that nods to Bengaluru’s reputation as the “garden city.”

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© Ar. Ekansh Goel © Studio Recall

For arriving travelers, this rich landscape previews the scenery of Karnataka,
and for departing passengers, it endures as a lasting memory of the verdant
city. In this connection to nature, the design rethinks the homogenous
architectural language of many of the world’s airports. The structure that
houses the 11 gates is pulled away from the main complex that contains arrivals,
check-in facilities, security checkpoints, baggage reclaim, and a retail
pavilion, and the two are connected by an expansive, outdoor “forest belt.” This
lush, landscape is replete with indigenous flora, multilevel meandering paths,
and two-story pavilions that are clad in bamboo and inspired by traditional
Indian cane weavings. A network of bridges and outdoor walkways will provide
departing passengers with a reflective, calming oasis within the bustle of an
international airport.

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© Ar. Ekansh Goel © Studio Recall

Terminal 2’s interiors echo the forest belt’s natural aesthetic and verdure. A
variety of hanging plantings and skylights filtered through delicate lattices of
bamboo make these spaces rich and sensorial. The structure is orthogonal in
form—variating from the more common curving airport roof structure—with long
eaves that shade the curbs and float serenely into the interiors. Each of the
building’s columns consists of a cluster of four bamboo-clad steel members,
which carry the texture of the lattices down to the floor and enhance the sense
of light and space within the terminal. Custom furnishings clad in traditional
woven rattan and locally sourced ivory brown granite lend the terminal a sense
of warmth and comfort so often lacking in large works of public infrastructure.
And within the retail portion of the complex, indoor waterfalls inspired by the
boulders and waterways of Karnataka become signature focal points while cooling
the indoor temperature.

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© Ar. Ekansh Goel © Studio Recall

The structural system of Terminal 2 was designed with two primary goals: to
achieve sustainability through structural efficiency, and economy through
modularity. The result is one of the lightest terminal roofs in the world at
this scale, made entirely out of domestically produced materials and built with
local construction technology. The roof above the check-in and retail halls
features long-span steel moment frames, which are supported by steel columns
spaced 18 meters apart. The columns consist of four individual posts that are
clad in bamboo and linked together, creating a feeling of lightness in the
structure. Because air travel is a constantly evolving industry, the consistency
of the grid of columns will also allow for utmost flexibility to accommodate
changes over time.

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© Ar. Ekansh Goel © Studio Recall
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© Ar. Ekansh Goel © Studio Recall

The structural system for the gate areas is composed of long-span trusses, which
help keep the walkways and sightlines clear by pushing columns along the edges.
The base building is composed of a uniform grid of reinforced concrete moment
frames, with larger, column-free spaces at the baggage reclaim and arrival halls
to greatly improve functionality where foot traffic is highest. Throughout the
terminal, the structural design accommodates the integration of the skylights
and hanging planters, as well as landscaping at multiple levels, both inside and
outside.

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© Ar. Ekansh Goel © Studio Recall

For the front of Terminal 2, on the landside, the 123,000-square-meter,
multimodal transit hub will serve as a nexus for the entire airport. This
T-shaped, two-level space—with parking, taxi service, and a rideshare zone along
the access roads, and a lower-level metro and bus station—will be situated in
the center of the airport.

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© Ar. Ekansh Goel © Studio Recall

With Terminal 2 to the east, Terminal 1 to the northwest, and the airport hotel
to the southeast, the transit hub will be the artery through which the whole
airport is accessed. It will make the airport entirely walkable. Elevated
pedestrian bridges will bring travelers over the access roads to Terminal 1 and
the hotel, and its location adjacent to Terminal 2 will reduce the walking
distance from the new complex to just a few steps.

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© Ar. Ekansh Goel © Studio Recall

In addition to unifying BLR Airport and connecting it to Bengaluru’s
infrastructure, the transit hub also introduces a very new kind of space for an
airport. The hub will be an outdoor retail and entertainment area, a bustling
village of shops and events where city residents and travelers can spend a day.
The look and feel of the space will echo the essence of Terminal 2. It will be
covered by a translucent, high-performance canopy composed of lightweight steel,
and a glass and steel skylight will rise over the entrance to the metro station.
The gardens of the terminal will cascade out to the hub and its surrounding
land. Two lagoons, each sitting on the southern side of the hub, will recycle
the airport’s stormwater runoff and create a serene atmosphere. This entire
space will serve as a new civic square for the city.

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© Ar. Ekansh Goel © Studio Recall
Save this picture!
© Ar. Ekansh Goel © Studio Recall

The rectilinear form of the transit hub and Terminal 2 make for exceptionally
efficient use of the site— enabling flexible aircraft parking, uniformity among
the gates, and modularity in the terminal’s construction. All of the terminal’s
gates will be equipped with “swing” capability, or the flexibility to handle
single wide-body aircraft for international flights or two narrow-body aircraft
for domestic flights. Because of this adaptable plan, the gates will rarely, if
ever, sit idle for long periods, and future-proof the terminal as aircrafts
continue to evolve.

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© Ar. Ekansh Goel © Studio Recall

Sustainability and wellness have been critical considerations at each stage of
the design process. T2 has been recognized as the largest terminal in the world
to have been pre-certified as a LEED Platinum building by USGBC (US Green
Building Council), before commencing operations. The terminal has also received
the IGBC (Indian Green Building Council) Platinum certification for its
sustainable architecture and design. The building’s extensive outdoor areas were
designed to maximize wellness before the Covid-19 pandemic; today, the wisdom of
integrating generous outdoor spaces into an airport terminal and transportation
hub is even more evident. Beyond these visible features, the terminal employs
numerous sophisticated sustainable innovations, including extensive solar
shading and intelligent building systems, as well as renewable materials. The
terminal, which will run entirely on renewable energy, will also capture, treat,
and reuse rainwater from across the airport, and the indoor plantings and
outdoor gardens are designed to only require the water that is harvested on
site. The transit hub will help alleviate traffic and further limit pollution,
and the flexibility in the gates will shield the terminal from obsolescence and
allow it to thrive as an international travel destination well into the future.

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© Ar. Ekansh Goel © Studio Recall

PROJECT GALLERY

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COLDEFY AND CARLO RATTI ASSOCIATI REVEAL DESIGN OF THE FRENCH PAVILION FOR EXPO
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PROJECT LOCATION

ADDRESS:KEMPEGOWDA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT BENGALURU (BLR), KIAL RD, DEVANAHALLI,
BENGALURU, KARNATAKA 560300, INDIA

Location to be used only as a reference. It could indicate city/country but not
exact address.
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Published on January 10, 2024
Cite: "Kempegowda International Airport Bengaluru / Skidmore, Owings & Merrill"
10 Jan 2024. ArchDaily. Accessed 15 Jan 2024.
<https://www.archdaily.com/1012027/kempegowda-international-airport-bengaluru-skidmore-owings-and-merrill>
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