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PASHTO DICTIONARY

Version 1.0, released November 1998

Penzl's glossary is copyright © 1955 American Council of Learned Societies. All
rights reserved. Used by permission.

This dictionary contains all of the words from the glossary of Herbert Penzl's A
grammar of Pashto: A descriptive study of the dialect of Kandahar, Afghanistan
(Washington, DC: American Council of Learned Societies, 1955), pp. 154-165,
which is available from Schoenhof's Foreign Books.

An on-line key to the orthography is not yet available. In the meantime, please
download the Access database version of this file, or consult Penzl (1955)

Corrections would be gratefully received. Contact:

Taylor Roberts
c/o Ruth King
Dept. of Languages, Literatures, & Linguistics
South 561 Ross
York University
Toronto ON M3J 1P3
Canada

E-mail: troberts@yorku.ca
Web: http://www.yorku.ca/twainweb/troberts/



--------------------------------------------------------------------------------



Pashto

English

Category

aa



interj

aafarin

bravo!

interj

aagaa(h)

aware, wise

adj I

aa(h)ista

slow, slowly

adv

aainda

next

adj II V

aakher

end

noun m 1

aamaada

ready, prepared

adj V

aarzo, arzo

wish

noun f 3, f 5

aas

horse

noun m 2

asaan

horses

noun m 2

aashnaa

acquaintance

noun m 2

aattomik

atomic

adj 1

aayaa

whether

particle

aayrlendd

Ireland

noun masc

afghaanistaan

Afghanistan

noun masc

agar tshi

although

conj

ághazzem, ákhssem

knead

verb I, II

akhss-

kneaded

verb I, II, past

ághundem

dress, put on

verb II

aghust-

dressed, put on

verb II, past

aghustawem

make (someone) dress

verb I

aghzay

thorn

noun m 3, m 2

Ahmad, Aamad

Ahmad

noun masc

akaa

uncle, old man

noun m 2

akh

ouch!, oh!

interj

akhbaar

newspaper

noun m 1

ákhlem

take

verb II

akhist-

took

verb II, past

ákhssey

brother-in-law

noun m 4

ákhta

busy, involved in

adj V

aksára

most

adj V

albáta

perhaps

adv

almaanay

German

adj III

alwatéka

airplane

noun f 1

alwézem

fly

verb II

alwat-

flew

verb II, past

alwezawem

make (something) fly

verb I

amaa, ammaa

but

conj

ámer

order

noun m 1

amniat

peace

noun m 1

amrikaayi

American

noun m 2; adj V

anaa

grandmother

noun f 5

anaar

pomegranate(s)

noun masc

anaargórrey

small pomegranate

noun m 4

andaaza

degree

noun f 2

angur

grape(s)

noun m 2

apsos, afsos

what a pity!

interj

'áqel

wisdom

noun m 1

'areeza

petition

noun f 2

armaan

sorrow

noun m 1

armaan

what a pity!, alas!

noun m 1

arrkh

side

noun m 1

árwem

hear

verb II

asaas

basis, foundation

noun m 1

asbaab

equipment

noun m 1

ásha ásha

(to donkeys)

interj

askar

soldier

noun m 2

askari

military service

noun f 4

áspa

mare

noun f 1

astawem

send

verb I

atshawem

put in, throw, pour

verb I

aw

and

conj

aw aw

(to oxen)

interj

awal

first

adj I

awbaazi

swimming

noun f 4

áwrem

hear

verb II

awreed-

heard

verb II, past

awreedúnkey

listener, listening

adj IV

áwrrem

turn

verb II

awosst-

turned

verb II, past

awrrawem

make (something) turn

verb I

awrréezzem

get turned, turn

verb II, past

awrreed-

get turned, turned

verb II, past

awta

week

noun f 2

ay

(informal greeting)

interj

'aynáki

spectacles, [glasses]

noun fem pl

baabaa

grandfather

noun m 2

baabat

matter, item, subject

noun m 1

baad

wind

noun m 1

baadawem

blow

verb I

baad (ba'd) le

after

prep

baagh

garden

noun m 1

baaghwaan

gardener

noun m 2

baaghwáana

gardener's wife

noun f 1

baam

roof

noun m 1

baalaa

beyond, past, over

particle

baalaaposh

overcoat

noun m 1

baalesst

pillow

noun m 1, m 2

báandi

above, upon

adv

baannu

eyelash

noun m 2

baaraan

rain

noun m 1

baarawem

load

verb I

báasem

take off, take out

verb III

ist-

took off, took out

verb III, past

báayad

must, of necessity

adv

báaylem

lose

verb I

báazi, ba'zi

some, several

pron

baazu

upper arm

noun m 2

ba'd, baad

after

adv

badi

feud

noun f 4

badláarey

bad

adj IV

badmákhey

impolite, unfriendly

adj IV

badstérgey

shameless

adj IV

bahéezzem

flow

verb II

baheed-

flowed

verb II, past

bakhssem

forgive

verb I

balaa

monster, calamity

noun f 3

bálee

yes

particle

bálki

but

conj

bandi

prisoner

noun m 2

baraabar

even

adj I

baraai

last night

adv

be, ba

(indicating future, emphasis)

modal particle

bee, le

without

prep

bee'áqla

silly

adj I, V

beedzáana

lifeless

adj I, V

beefíkra

thoughtless

adj I, V

beekáara

without work

adj I, V

beekhi

very

adv; adj V

beekhora

sisterless

adj I, V

beekhwlee

tongue-tied

adj V

beel

distinct, separate

adj I

beeltun

separation, absence

noun m 1

beemandinee

unmarried, 'wifeless'

adj V

beepláara

fatherless

adj I, V

béera

fear

noun f 1

beerawem

frighten

verb I

beeréezzem

get frightened

verb II

beereed-

got frightened

verb II, past

béerte

back

adv

beessédzi

wifeless, single

adj V

beetar, bihtar

better

adj I

beetarin, bihtarin

best

adj I

beetaríba

disorderly

adj I, V

bel

other

adj I

béltsok

somebody else

pron

bélyaw

somebody else

pron

ben

co-wife

noun f 1

bennehaar

buzzing (of flies)

noun masc pl

bennkay

buzzing (of flies)

noun m 3

biaa

again

adv

biáayem

take, lead away (somebody)

verb IV

bózem

take, lead away (somebody)

verb IV, pres II

biw-

took, led away (somebody)

verb IV, past I

bótl-

took, led away (somebody)

verb IV, past II

bide

asleep

adj II

bizo

monkey

noun f 3, f 5

bluk

group, platoon

noun m 1

bólem

call

verb II

bal-

called

verb II, past

botal

bottle

noun m 1, m 2

breetúna

moustaches

noun masc pl

brresten

(cotton) blanket

noun f 1

bungawem

cause to buzz

verb I

bungéezzem

buzz

verb II

bungeed-

buzzed

verb II, past

bura

sugar

noun f 2

buy

fragrance

noun m 1

daa

this

pron

dee

this

obl pron

daana

piece

noun f 2

daanista

wise

adj V

daaru

medicine

noun m 2

daarrem

bite, snap at

verb I

daasi

such; thus

adj V; adv

dagha

this

pron

dalee

here

adv

dálw(a)

(eleventh Afghan month)

noun f 1

daqiqa

minute

noun f 2

darawem

stop (somebody)

verb I

dard

pain

noun m 1

daréezzem

stop, make a stop

verb II

dareed-

stopped, made a stop

verb II, past

darwaaza

door

noun f 2

da'wat, daawat

invitation, party

noun m 1

dawlatman

rich

adj I

day

this one, he

pron

de

this one, he

obl pron

ddabal

thick

adj I

ddak

full

adj I

ddála

group, mob

noun f 1

ddandd

pool

noun m 1

ddawl

manner, way

noun m 1

ddaz ddaz, ddez ddez

(sounds of shooting)

noun masc pl

ddazawem

shoot

verb I

ddeemokraasi

democracy

noun f 4

ddeer

much

adj 1

ddenger

thin

adj 1

ddengertiaa

thinness

noun f 3

ddengerwaali

thinness

noun f 4

ddezahaar

(sounds of shooting)

noun masc pl

ddezahaarey

(sounds of shooting)

noun m 4

ddezkay

(sounds of shooting)

noun m 3

ddoddei

food, bread, meal

noun f 4

ddoddeikhor

bread-eater

noun m 2

de

of, from

prep

de mekha ter

before

prep

de ... de mekha

before

particle

de ... de paara

for, for the sake of

particle

de ... pasee

after behind

particle

de ... pe baabat ki

about, on the subject of

particle

de ... per mandz ki

between, among

particle

de ... pe zeri'a

through, by means of

particle

de ... raa(h)isi, raasi

since

particle

de ... sera

with

prep

de ... wrusta

after

particle

deeg

pot

noun m 1

deeglay

little pot

noun m 3

deersh

thirty

num

délta

here

adv

der-, dar-

(pronominal prefix of the second person)

pron

derbaasem

take out (toward you)

verb III

derist-

took out (toward you)

verb III, past

derdzem

come (to you)

verb IV

dársem

come (to you)

verb IV, pres

dertl-

came (to you)

verb IV, past I

dáraghl-

came (to you)

verb IV, past II

derkawem

give (to you)

verb IV

dérk-

give (to you)

verb IV, pres II

derkaw-

gave (to you)

verb IV, past I

dérkrr-

gave (to you)

verb IV, past II

derwelem

bring (somebody to you)

verb II

derwest-

brought (somebody to you)

verb II, past

derwrrem

bring (something to you)

verb I

di

of you, by you

pron particle, modal particle

diltshasp

interesting

adj I

dóbey

summer

noun m 4

dobi

laundry man

noun m 2

dóna

so much; this much

adj I

dost

friend

noun m 2

dosti

friendship

noun f 4

drabahaar

(sound of steps)

noun masc pl

drabay

(sound of steps)

noun m 3

drhey

(calling sheep)

interj

drund

heavy

adj II

drana

heavy

adj II, fem

dughóna

this much

adj I

dughúmra

this much

adj I

dukaan

shop

noun m 1

dúmra

this much

adj I

dúshambee

Monday

noun f 1

dussman

enemy

noun m 2, m 5

duy

these, they, them

pron

dwa

two

num

dwahem

second

adj I

dwazhébey

bilingual; insincere

adj IV

dzaan

life

noun m 1

dzaan

oneself

pron

dzaay

place

noun m 1

dzal

(one) time

noun m 1

dzéka

therefore

adv

dzéka tshi

because

conj

dzem

go

verb IV

wláarr sem

go

verb IV, pres II

tl-

went

verb IV, past I

wláarr-

went

verb IV, past II

dzghélem

run

verb II

dzghest-

ran

verb II, past

dzhaarbaasem

weave

verb III

dzhaarist-

wove

verb III, past

dzhaarukass

sweeper

noun m 2

dzhagérra

fight, fighting

noun f 1

dzhagrren

fighting

adj I

dzhamaa'at

class

noun m 1

dzhang

war

noun m 1

dzhang atshawúnkey

warmonger

noun m 4

dzhangawem

make war

verb I

dzhangyaalay

fighting, brave

adj III

dzheg

high

adj I

dzhegtiaa

height

noun f 3

dzhegwaali

height

noun f 4

dzhelaa

separate

adj V

dzhermanay

German

adj III

dzhinub

South

noun masc

dzhirib

acre

noun m 1

dzhorr

well, built, repaired

adj I

dzhorrawem

build, cure, repair

verb IV

dzhorr kem

build, cure, repair

verb IV, pres II

dzhorraw-

built, cured, repaired

verb IV, past I

dzhorr krr-

built, cured, repaired

verb IV, past II

dzhorréezzem

get well, built, repaired

verb IV-A

dzhulaay

July

noun m 1

dzhuld

volume

noun m 1

dzhuma'

Friday

noun f 2

dzhumla

sentence

noun f 2

dzini

some, several

pron

dzwaan

young

adj I

ee

(used in calling)

interj

eekh eekh

(to camels)

interj

eeteraam, iqhteraam

respect

noun m 1

faarsi, paarsi

Persian

adj V; fem

fakwalta

faculty, division of a university

noun f 2

faqat

only

adv

faqir, pakir

beggar

noun m 2

farmaayem

command

verb I

farq

difference, distinction

noun m 1

farz

duty

noun m 1

faysala

decision

noun f 2

feel, fi'l

verb

noun m 1

fílem

film

noun m 1

gaaddei

tonga, carriage

noun f 4, f 5

gaaddeiwaan

tonga driver

noun m 2

gaam

pace

noun m 1

gaddun

assembly; mixture

noun m 1

garmi

heat

noun f 4

garranday

fast, strong

adj III

ganddem

sew

verb I

gattem

win, gain

verb I

gaz

(Afghan length measure)

noun m 1

gerahaar

(sound of sawing)

noun masc pl

gerkay

(sound of sawing)

noun m 3

gerday

round

adj III

gerdzem

walk around

verb II

gerdzeed-

walked around

verb II, past

gháapem

bark

verb I

ghap-

barked

verb I, past

ghaazz

tooth

noun m 1

ghal

thief

noun m 1, m 5

ghle

thieves

noun m 1, m 5

gham

grief

noun m 1

ghamdzhan

sad, sorrowful

adj I

ghanem

wheat

noun masc pl

ghapaa

barking

noun f 3

ghapawem

cause to bark

verb I

ghar

mountain

noun m 1, m 5

ghatt

fat, rich, important

adj I

gháyem

have sexual relations with

verb II

ghow-

had sexual relations with

verb II, past

ghayr le

beside, except

prep

ghazél(a)

song

noun f 1

gheezz

wrestling, embrace, armful

noun f 1

ghérrey

member, muscle

noun m 4

ghla

female thief

noun f 2

ghlaa

theft

noun f 3

ghoba

cattle owner, cowherd

noun m 5

ghordzawem

drop (somebody), throw

verb I

ghordzéezzem

fall, drop, become thrown

verb II

ghordzeed-

fell, dropped, became thrown

verb II, past

ghrrumbem

roar

verb I

ghwaa

cow

noun f 3

ghwáarrem

want

verb II

ghosst-

wanted

verb II, past

ghwarri

fat, grease

noun masc pl

ghwássi

meat

noun fem pl

ghwazz

ear

noun m 1

ghwayay

ox

noun m 3

giddawar

paunchy

adj I

gilaas

cherry, cherries

noun masc

górem

look

verb III

kat-

looked

verb III, past

graan

dear

adj I

gumaan

suspicion, thought, surmise

noun m 1

gúndi

perhaps

adv

gwel

flower

noun m 2

qhaadzhat

necessity

noun m 1

haay haay

alas!

interj

hafta, awta

week

noun f 2

hagha

that

pron

haghasi

such

adj V

haghóna

that much

adj I

haghúmra

that much

adj I

halek

boy

noun m 2

halekína

boyhood; love of boys

noun f 1

hálta

there

adv

ham

also

adv

hamdágha

this (very)

pron

ham(h)ágha

that (very)

pron

hamághasi

that very (kind)

adj V

hamughómra, hamughóna

exactly that much

adj I

hameesha

always

adv

hamsaaya

neighbor

noun m 2

qhaqeeqat

truth

noun m 1

har

each, every

adj I

hártse

everything

pron

hártsok

everybody

pron

hártshaa

everybody

obl pron

háryaw

everybody

pron

hárkela

always

adv

qhataa

even

adv

hawaa

weather

noun f 3

qhayraan

astonished, surprised

adj I

qhaywaan

animal

noun m 2

haywaat

animals

noun m 2

heer

forgotten

adj I

heerawem

forget

verb IV-A

hila

hope

noun f 2

hindu

Hindu

noun m 2

hits

no, none

adj V

hits

nothing

pron

hítskela

never

adv

hítsok

nobody

pron

hítshaa

nobody

obl pron

ho

yes

particle

hosaa

comfortable, resting

adj V

hosei

gazelle

noun f 5

hossiaar

intelligent

adj I

hossiaari

intelligence

noun f 4

húghe

that (far away)

pron

hughóna

that much

adj I; pron

qhukm

order

noun m 1

qhukumat

government, administration

noun m 1

qhukumati

governmental

adj V

huree

there

adv

ibtidaa

beginning

noun f 3

idzhraa'i

executive, administrative

adj V

iqhtimaal

probability

noun m 1

imkaan

possibility

noun m 1

'ílem

knowledge, science

noun m 1

imtiqhaan

examination

noun m 1

imzaa'

signature

noun f 3, f 5

inglisi

English

adj V; fem

intizaar

waiting

adj I

iqraar

confessions

noun m 1

isti'maal

use

noun m 1

isti'maaléezzem

get used

verb IV-A

istiqlaal

independence

noun m 1

itlaa'

report, news

noun f 3

izhaar

expression, declaration

noun m 1

izzdem

put

verb IV

ksséezzdem

put

verb IV, pres II

issow-

put

verb IV, past I

ksséessow

put

verb IV, past II

kaabina

cabinet

noun f 2

Kaabul

Kabul

noun masc

kaabulay

(man) from Kabul

noun m 3; adj III

kaafi

sufficient

adj V

kaaghazbaad

kite ('wind paper')

noun m 1

kaal

year

noun m 1

kaalanay

annual

adj III

kaali

clothes

noun masc pl

kaanaaddaa

Canada

noun fem

kaar

work

noun m 1

kaargar

worker

noun m 2

kaark

cork

noun m 1

káazzem

pull off, pull out

verb II

kss-

pulled off, pulled out

verb II, past

kabaab

fried meat, kabab

noun m 1

kablay

(young male) gazelle

noun m 3

kablei

(young female) gazelle

noun f 4

kam

little, less

adj I

kampawndderi

pharmacy

noun f 4

kandahaaray

(man) from Kandahar

noun m 3; adj III

kandahaarei

(woman) from Kandahar

noun f 5; adj III

kandu

wheat bin

noun m 2

kas

man

noun m 2

káshki

if only

conj

kattew

cooking pot (for soup)

noun m 1

kawem

make, do

verb IV

(wé)kem

make, do

verb IV, pres II

kaw-

made, did

verb IV, past I

(wé)krr-

made, did

verb IV, past II

ke, ka

if; or

conj

ke tsheeri

if

conj

ke tse ham

even if, although

conj

kéezzem

become

verb IV

(wé)sem

become

verb IV, pres II

keed-

became

verb IV, past I

(wé)sw-

became

verb IV, past II

kéla

when

conj

kéla tshi

when

conj

kéla (kéla)

sometimes

adv

kéley

village

noun m 4

keliwaal

villager

noun m 2

khaaki

grey [gray]

adj V

kháandem

laugh

verb I

khand-

laughed

verb I, past

khabar

informed; news

adj I; noun m 1

khaberi kawem

talk, converse ('make words')

verb IV

khalaasawem

finish, set free, close

verb IV-A

khalaaséezzem

get finished

verb IV-A

khalq, khaleg

people

noun masc pl

khandaa

laughter

noun f 3

khandaq

trench

noun m 1

khandawem

make laugh

verb I

khandéezzem

begin to laugh

verb II

khandeed-

began to laugh

verb II, past

khapa

sad, angry, offended

adj V

khapérr(a)

handful

noun f 1

khapéska

goblin, nightmare

noun f 1

khar

ass, donkey

noun m 1, m 5

kharaab

bad

adj I

kharba

ass [donkey] owner

noun m 5

khargóttey

little ass [donkey]

noun m 4

kharts

spent; expense

adj I; noun m 1

khat

letter

noun m 1

khataabaasem

deceive, mislead

verb III

khataaist-

deceived, misled

verb III, past

khataawezem

get deceived

verb II

khataawat-

got deceived

verb II, past

khatarnaak

dangerous

adj I

khátti

mud

noun fem pl

khayraatawem

give away, give to charity

verb IV-A

khattgar

mud worker, mason; working with mud

noun m 2; adj I

khéezhem

climb

verb II

khat-

climbed

verb II, past

kheezhawem

make climb

verb I

kheeran

dirty

adj I

kherahaar

(sound of snoring)

noun masc pl

kherkay

(sound of snoring)

noun m 3

khiaal

thought

noun m 1

kho

indeed, certainly

adv

khor

sister

noun f 6

khwándi

sisters

noun f 6

khoshqháala

happy

adj I

khoshqhaaléezzem

get happy

verb IV-A

khozz

sweet

adj II

khwazza

sweet

adj II, fem

khozzéezzem

hurt

verb II

khozzeed-

hurt

verb II, past

khpel

one's own

adj I

khpel

relative

noun m 1

khpor

spread

adj II

khpara

spread

adj II, fem

khra

(female) ass [donkey]

noun f 2

khreyem

shave

verb I

khrrin

soft

adj I

khúna

room

noun f 1

khulq

custom, manner

noun m 1

khuraa

very, a lot

adv

khurdza

sister's daughter [niece]

noun f 2, f 5

khúser

father-in-law

noun m 1

khuy

custom

noun m 1

khwaa

side

noun f 3

khwaabádey

angry

adj IV

khwaahish

wish, desire

noun m 1

khwaar

poor

adj I

khwáassee

mother-in-law

noun f 1, f 5

khwass

agreeable, liked, selected

adj I

khwdaay

God

noun masc

khwle

mouth

noun f 2

khwraki

edible

adj V

khwrayay

sister's son [nephew]

noun m 3

khwrem

eat

verb II

khwarr-

ate

verb II, past

kinem

dig

verb I, II

kind-

dug

verb I, II, past

kinnláasey

left-handed

adj IV

kitaab

book

noun m 1

kitaabkhaana

library

noun f 2

klak

firm

adj I

klakawem

make firm; toast

verb IV-A

komitta

committee

noun f 2

kor

house

noun m 1

korba

host, landlord

noun m 5

korgay

little house

noun m 3

korwaalaa

owning a house

adj V

kotta

room

noun f 2

kozz

crooked

adj II

kazza

crooked

adj II, fem

krett

(Afghan cheese dish)

noun masc

ksseebaasem

entangle, catch, insert

verb III

ksseeist-

entangled, caught, inserted

verb III, past

ksseekaazzem

squeeze, press

verb II

ksseekss-

squeezed, pressed

verb II, past

ksseenawem

make sit, place, plant

verb I

ksseenem

sit

verb II

ksseenaast-

sat

verb II, past

ksseewezem

get caught, involved

verb II

ksseewat-

got caught, involved

verb II, past

kssetanay

low, lower

adj III

ksséte

down, below

adv; adj V

kum, kem, kam

some; which?

adj I

kúmyaw

which one?; somebody

pron

kunn

deaf

adj II

kanna

deaf

adj II, fem

kúru kúru

(to donkeys)

interj

kutray

puppy

noun m 3

kutsa

side street

noun f 2

kutsh kutsh

(calling dogs)

interj

kutshi

butter

noun masc pl

kutshnay

little

adj III

laa

yet, still

adv

láakin

but

conj

laalaa

elder brother; Hindu

noun m 2

láandi

below

adv

láar(a)

road, way

noun f 1

laas

hand

noun m 1

laazem

necessary

adj I

lafz

word

noun m 1

landéezzem

get wet

verb IV-A

larem

have, possess

verb III

derlod-

had, possessed

verb III, past

largay

wood; stick

noun m 3, m 2

las

ten

num

lasstay

stream

noun m 3

lawda

fool

noun m 2

le

from

prep

le ... dzini

from

prep

le ... ne

from

prep

le ... tshe (tsekha)

from

prep

leewanay

crazy (man)

adj III; noun m 2

leewanei

crazy woman

noun f 5

leewar

husband's brother [brother-in-law]

noun m 1

leewe

wolf

noun m 2

leezzem

send

verb I

léka ... (ghúndi)

like, as

conj

léka tshi

as

conj

lemen

hem

noun f 1

lezz

small, slight

adj I

lezz lezz

little; by degrees

adv

lezzawem

lower, decrease

verb IV-A

lgharrawem

roll (something)

verb I

lgharréezzem

roll

verb II

lgharreed-

rolled

verb II, past

lghérrem

spin, turn

verb II

lghesst-

spinned, turned

verb II, past

likem

write

verb I

líri

far

adj V

lisa

high school

noun f 2

lmar

sun

noun m 1

lmar khaate

sunrise

noun masc pl

lmar preewaate

sunset

noun masc pl

lmasay

grandson

noun m 3

lmundz

prayer

noun m 1

lmaandze

prayer

noun m 1, obl

lóssey

pot

noun m 4

loyína

big size

noun f 1

lumrray, lemrray

first

adj III

lund

wet

adj II

landa

wet

adj II, fem

lur

daughter

noun f 6

lunni

daughters

noun f 6

luy

big [large]

adj 1

lweesht

span

noun f 1

lwéezzem

fall

verb II

lweed-

fell

verb II, past

lwélem

read

verb II

lwast-, lwest-

read

verb II, past

lwelewem

make read

verb I

lwerr

high

adj I

lwérrem

separate

verb II

lwasst-

separated

verb II, past

maaghze

brain

noun masc pl

máalga

salt

noun f 1

maalgin

salty

adj I

maalum, ma'lum

known

adj I

maamaa

(maternal) uncle

noun m 2

maami

maternal uncle's wife [aunt]

noun f 5

maamur

official

noun m 2

maannei

building

noun f 4, f 5

maar

snake

noun m 2

maashingan

machine gun

noun m 1

maassaam

evening

noun m 1

maatawem

break

verb IV-A

maatéezzem

get broken

verb IV-A

mabaadaa, mebaadaa

perhaps; lest

adv; conj

madzhburtiaa

compulsion

noun f 3

magar

but

conj

maqhaz

only

adv

maktab

school

noun m 1

maktub

letter

noun m 1

mal

friend

noun m 5

malakh, mlakh

locust

noun m 5

ma'lim, maalim

teacher

noun m 2

man

(Afghan weight)

noun m 1

ma'naa, maanaa

meaning

noun f 3

mandz

center, middle

noun m 1

manem

follow

verb I

mangwel

claw

noun f 1

manna

apple

noun f 1

mansabdaar

officer

noun m 2

masaawi

equal, equivalent

adj V

masalan

for example, for instance

adv

mashghul

busy

adj I

maskinat

poverty

noun m 1

matlab

intention, aim

noun m 1

mayen

lover, loving

adj I

mazadaar

tasty

adj I

mazdur

servant

noun m 2

mazz

ram

noun m 1

mdzéka, mdzéke

earth

noun f 1

me

not

particle

meekh

nail

noun m 1

meela

picnic, fair

noun f 2

meelma

guest

noun m 5

meelmana

(female) guest

noun f 2

meelmastiaa

feast, party; hospitality

noun f 3

meereezay

stepbrother

noun m 3

meermen

woman

noun f 1

meerre

warrior; husband

noun m 1

meetshen

flour mill

noun f 1

meez

table

noun m 1

meezz

ewe

noun f 1

meherbaan

kind

adj I

mekh, makh

face; front

noun m 1

melgéree, malgeree

(woman) friend

noun f 1

maamurin

officials

noun m 2

melgérey, malgerey

friend

noun m 4

melk

country

noun m 1

merghei

bird

noun f 4

merr

dead

adj II

mésslem, nesslem

hit, strike

verb II

messet-

hit, striked, struck

verb II, past

messlawem, nesslawem

make stick, hit

verb I

metsh

fly

noun m 2

mézzem

rub

verb I, II

mess-

rubbed

verb I, II, past

mi

of me, by me

pron particle

miaasht

month

noun f 1

mil

mile

noun m 1

misqaal

(Afghan weight measure)

noun m 1

miter

meter [metre]

noun m 1

mirzaa

clerk

noun m 2

mlaa

loins

noun f 3

mor

mother

noun f 6

mandi

mothers

noun f 6

mormérrey

motherless

adj IV

morr

full, satisfied

adj II

marra

full, satisfied

adj II, fem

motshei

cobbler's wife

noun f 4

motshi

cobbler

noun m 2

motterwaan

chauffeur

noun m 2

mrayay

slave

noun m 3

mretsh

pepper

noun m 1

mrredz

quail

noun f 1

mu

of (by) us; of (by) you (pl.)

pron particle

mu'aafi, muaapi

pardon, excuse

noun f 4

mudaam

always

adv

mudir

manager, principal, director

noun m 2

mudiri

director's position, being a director

noun f 4

mudiriat

director's office

noun m 1

múmem

find

verb I, II

mind-

found

verb I, II, past

mumkin

possible

adj I

munaasib

proper, fitting

adj I

munshi

secretary

noun m 2

musaafir

traveller

noun m 2

musaafirin

travellers

noun m 2

musulmaan

moslem

noun m 2

muzaakira

conversation, conference

noun f 2, f 6

muzz

we, us

pron

naabubára

suddenly

adv

naadzhórr(a)

ill [sick]

adj I, V

naadzhorri

illness [sickness]

noun f 3

naagaháana

suddenly, unexpectedly

adv

naakáara

lazy, loafing

adj I

naalawem, na'lawem

shoe (a horse)

verb I

naapo(h)

unwise, uninformed

adj I

naara

cry, call

noun f 2

naarina

male, males

noun masc

naarogh

ill [sick]

adj I

naaroghtiaa

disease

noun f 3

naarwee

Norway

noun f 1

naast

sitting, seated

adj I

náaste wláarre

behavior ('sitting standing')

noun masc pl

naatsáapa

suddenly

adv

náawee

bride

noun f 1, f 5

nafára

men

noun masc pl

nafrat, naprat

hate, aversion

noun m 1

nal

pipe, tube

noun m 1, m 2

namaainda

representative

noun m 2

naray

thin

adj III

narendzh, naarendzh

orange

noun m 1

narm

soft

adj I

natidzha

result

noun f 2

náwey, néwey

new

adj IV

ndror

husband's sister [sister-in-law]

noun f 6

ndrándi

husband's sisters [sisters-in-law]

noun f 6

ndzhelei

girl

noun f 6

ndzhúni

girls

noun f 6

ndzhelkei

little girl

noun f 4

ne

not

particle

ne ... ne

neither ... nor

conj

nen

today

adv

nenabáasem

put in

verb III

nenaist-

put in

verb III, past

nenawezem

go in, enter

verb II

nenawat-

went in, entered

verb II, past

newishta

written, writing

adj V

newishta kéezzem

get written

verb IV

nghérrem

twist

verb II

nghesst-

twisted

verb II, past

nihaal

plant, sprout

noun m 1, m 2

nihaalgay

seedling, small plant

noun m 3

nikaa, nikaaqh

marriage

noun f 3

nike

ancestor

noun m 2

nimakhwaa

unsuccessful

adj V

nimgérrey

incomplete

adj IV

nísem

grasp, seize

verb II

niw-

grasped, seized

verb II, past

nizhdee

near, close

adj V

nizhdeetob

nearness

noun m 1

nizhdeewaali

nearness

noun f 4

no

then

adv

nor

other

pron

nuk

(finger) nail

noun m 2

num

name

noun m 1

naame

name

noun m 1, obl

numwérrey

mentioned, named

adj IV

nzzor

son's wife [daughter-in-law]

noun f 6

nzzandi

son's wives [daughters-in-law]

noun f 6

obe

water

noun fem pl

or

fire

noun m 1

óri

falls (rain)

verb II

oreed-

fell (rain)

verb II, past

orlagid, werlegid

match

noun m 1, m 2

orre

flour

noun masc pl

os

now

adv

osanay

present, modern

adj III

ósem

reside, live, remain

verb II

oseed-

resided, lived, remained

verb II, past

óyem

weave

verb II

od-

weaved, wove

verb II, past

paakatt

package

noun m 1

paam

caution, care

noun m 1

paanna

leaf

noun f 2

paate

remaining

adv V

paatshaa(h)

king

noun m 2

paaw

quarter

noun m 1

paay

end

noun m 1

paayda, faayda

advantage, gain

noun f 2

paayinda

constant, lasting

adj II

paayp

pipe

noun m 1

pakhawem

cook

verb IV-A

pakhéezzem

get cooked; ripen

verb IV-A

panaa raawrrúnkey

displaced person, refugee

adj IV; noun m 4

pandzha

fork

noun f 2

pántshambee

Thursday

noun f 1

parangay, farangay

foreigner, Englishman

noun m 3

parheez

abstinence

noun m 1

parun

yesterday

adv

parunay

yesterday's

adj III

pas

after

adv

pas le

after

prep

passtana

Afghan woman

noun f 2

passto

Pashto

noun f 3

passtun

Afghan, Pathan

noun m 5

pawdzh

army

noun m 1

paydaa

found

adj V

paysee

money

noun fem pl

payseewaalaa

possessing money

adj V

pe

in, at

prep

pe ... ki (kssi)

in

prep

pe khwaa ter

before

prep

péeghla

young girl

noun f 1, f 5

peeshnehaad

proposal

noun m 1

péezhenem

know, recognize

verb II

peezhend-

knew, recognized

verb II, past

pei

(human) milk

noun fem pl

pekhlaa

reconciled, conciliated

adj V

péley

pedestrian

noun m 4

peltten

(military unit)

noun f 1

pemen

having eczema

adj I

per

on

prep

per ... baandi

on, upon

prep

perr

defeated, beaten

adj II

pes pes

(sound of whispering)

noun masc pl

pesahaar

(sound of whispering)

noun masc pl

peskay

(sound of whispering)

noun m 3

pett

secret, hidden

adj I

pettéezzem

get hidden

verb IV-A

pezóre

loud

adj V

pezrrépori

interesting

adj V

piaayem

tend (cattle)

verb II

pow-

tended (cattle)

verb II, past

piaaz

onions

noun masc pl

pilmergh

turkey

noun m 2

pinsel

pencil

noun m 1, m 2

pish pish

(calling cats)

interj

pisho

cat

noun f 5

pishogay

little cat, kitten

noun m 3

pishqaab

plate

noun m 1

píshte píshte

(chasing cats away)

interj

plaanay

a certain

adj III

plaar

father

noun m 1

plen

wide

adj I

plender

stepfather

noun m 1

po(h)

wise, informed

adj I

pohéezzem

understand

verb II

poheed-

understood

verb II, past

pokh

cooked; ripe

adj II

pakha

cooked; ripe

adj II, fem

polendd

Poland

noun masc

poribáasem

transport across, take across

verb III

porist-

transported across, took across

verb III, past

poriwahem

push

verb I

poriwézem

cross

verb II

poriwat-

crossed

verb II, past

pórte

above, up

adv; adj V

post

soft

adj II

pasta

soft

adj II, fem

postakhaana

post office

noun f 2

postin

sheepskin coat

noun m 1

postintshi

fur coat maker

noun m 2

preebáasem

put down, throw down

verb III

preeist-

put down, threw down

verb III, past

preekawem

cut

verb IV

préekem

cut

verb IV, pres II

preekaw-

cut

verb IV, past I

préekrr-

cut

verb IV, past II

preemindzem

wash

verb I, III

preewl-

washed

verb I, III, past

preewézem

lie down, fall down

verb II

preewat-

lay [lied] down, fell down

verb II, past

preezzdem

leave, let

verb III

preessow-

left, let

verb III, past

príntshem, prríntshem

sneeze

verb I

prot

lying, situated

adj II

prata

lying, situated

adj II, fem

prottistt

protest

noun m 1

prraang

leopard

noun m 2

psarlay

spring

noun m 3

pse

male sheep

noun m 1

pssa

foot

noun f 2

pul

bridge

noun m 1

pura

complete

adj V

pusstem

ask

verb I, II

pussteed-

asked

verb I, II, past

puttaattee

potatoes

noun fem pl

qaanun

rule, regulation

noun m 1

qalam

pen

noun m 2

qaraar qaraar

slow, quietly

adv

qisa

story

noun f 2

qísem

type, kind

noun m 1

raa-

('toward the speaker')

pron prefix

raabáasem

take out (toward myself)

verb III

raaist-

took out (toward myself)

verb III, past

raadzem

come

verb IV

ráasem

come

verb IV, pres II

raatl-

came

verb IV, past I

ráaghl-

came

verb IV, past II

raaghe

hillside

noun m 1

raabólem

call (to myself)

verb II

raabal-

called (to myself)

verb II, past

raaghwáarrem

send for, order

verb II

raaghosst-

sent for, ordered

verb II, past

raakawem

give (to myself)

verb IV

raak(rr)em

give (to myself)

verb IV, pres II

raakaw-

gave (to myself)

verb IV, past I

raakrr-

gave (to myself)

verb IV, past II

raaleezzem

send (to myself)

verb I

raaniwunkey

buying; buyer

adj IV; noun m 4

raaportt

report

noun m 1

raawelem

bring (somebody)

verb II

raawest-

brought (somebody)

verb II, past

raawrrem

bring (something)

verb I

raaz

kind, type

noun m 1

raddio

radio

noun f 3

rafiq

friend

noun m 2

raís

president

noun m 2

raqs, raks

dancing, dance

noun m 1

rang

color

noun m 1

raséezzem

reach, arrive

verb II

raseed-

reached, arrived

verb II, past

rawem, rewem

suck

verb I, II

rawd-

sucked

verb I, II, past

rayi

brays

verb I

riaasat

department

noun m 1

rikaardd

record

noun m 1

rogh

healthy, sound

adj I

rrandawem

make blind

verb IV-A

rrund

blind

adj II

rranda

blind

adj II, fem

runn

bright, light

adj II

ranna

bright, light

adj II, fem

rus

Russia

noun masc

rusi

Russian

adj V

ruskhatéezzem

get dismissed

verb IV-A

saa'at

hour; watch

noun m 1

saada

simple

adj V

saaqhib

master, gentleman

noun m 2

saatem

keep, hold

verb I

saaz

music

noun m 1

sabaa

tomorrow

adv

sabab

reason

noun m 1

saqhaar

morning

noun m 1

saqhi(qh)

correct

adj V

sakht

difficult

adj I

sar

head

noun m 1

sarkaatib

head clerk

noun m 2

sarmaalim

principal

noun m 2

sarpéttey

with covered head

adj IV

sarrak

street

noun m 1

sarray

man

noun m 3, m 2

sarraytob

manhood

noun m 1

sarróttey

little man

noun m 4

sarttíttey

ashamed, modest

adj IV

satrandzh

chess

noun m 1

seer

(Afghan weight measure)

noun m 1

sem, shem

can

auxil verb

sera

together, in company with

adv

sézzey

lung

noun m 4

serf

only

adv

shaa

back

noun f 3

shaabaas

bravo!

interj

shaamaar

dragon

noun m 2

shaan

manner, way

noun m 1

sháayad

possibly, perhaps

adv

shaazaada

prince

noun m 2

shambee

Saturday

noun f 1

sharaab

liquor

noun masc pl

sharmawem

put to shame

verb I

sharrem

throw out, expel

verb I

shart

condition

noun m 1

shawq

interest

noun m 1

shawtaalu

peach, peaches

noun m 2

shay

thing

noun m 2, m 3

shedee

milk

noun fem pl

sherkat

company

noun m 1

shin

green, sky blue

adj II

shna

green, sky blue

adj II, fem

shíshni

whinneys [whinnies]

verb I

shleedel

breaking, splitting

noun masc pl

shkhérre

fight, argument

noun f 1

shkunn

porcupine

noun m 5

shkwal

noise

noun m 1

shlumbee

sour buttermilk

noun fem pl

shmeerem

count

verb I

shorwaa, ssorwaa

soup

noun f 3

shpa

evening, night

noun f 2

shpáarres

sixteen

num

shpana

shepherd's wife

noun f 2

shpazz

six

num

shpeelak

whistle

noun m 1, m 2

shpun

shepherd

noun m 5

shrang

tinkle

noun m 1

shrangahaar

(sound of a bell)

noun masc pl

shrangay

(sound of a bell)

noun m 3

shrangawem

sound, ring

verb I

shrrap shrrap

(sound of splashing water)

noun masc pl

shrrapahaar

(sound of splashing water)

noun masc pl

shúker

thanks

noun m 1

shunddawar

having big lips

adj I

shurahaar

(sound of a waterfall)

noun masc pl

shurkay

(sound of a waterfall)

noun m 3

shuro'

beginning

noun f 3

sifat

adjective

noun m 1

sifaat

adjectives

noun m 1

sineemaa

movie theater [cinema]

noun f 3

skennem

cut (cloth)

verb II

skesst-

cut (cloth)

verb II, past

skor

charcoal

noun m 5

skaare

charcoals

noun m 5

skwelem

shear

verb II

skwest-

sheared

verb II, past

sorr

cold

adj II

sarra

cold

adj II, fem

sparéezzem

get mounted

verb IV-A

spay

dog

noun m 3

spei

bitch

noun f 4

spek

light

adj I

spektiaa

lightness

noun f 3

spektob

lightness

noun m 1

spin

white

adj I

spinkakay

little white

adj III

spinstérgey

insolent (man)

adj IV; noun m 4

spintshak

whitish

adj I

spin zer

silver ('white metal')

noun masc pl

spinzzírey

old ('white-bearded') (man)

adj IV; noun m 4

spor

mounted, riding

adj II

spara

mounted, riding

adj II, fem

sré zer

gold ('red metal')

noun masc pl

ssaaista

pretty

adj II

ssaar

city

noun m 1

ssaayi

possibly, perhaps

adv

ssay

right

adj III

sse

good

adj II

ssédze, ssédza

woman

noun f 1

sseyem

show

verb II

ssow-

showed

verb II, past

sskaar

hunting

noun m 1

sskaara

clear, evident

adj II

sskaarem

seem

verb II

sskaareed-

seemed

verb II, past

sskéley

pretty

adj IV

sskendzel

reproach, scolding

noun masc pl

ssker

horn

noun m 1, m 2

ssorawem

move (something)

verb I

ssórem

stir, move

verb II

ssoreed-

stirred, moved

verb II, past

ssowundzay

school

noun m 3

ssway

smooth, slippery

adj III

sta, shta

(there) is, exists [be]

verb

staa

of you

pron

sten

needle

noun f 1

stérge

eye

noun f 1

stérrey

tired

adj IV

stórey

star

noun m 4

stteedzh

(theatrical) stage

noun m 1

sudkhor

usurer

noun m 2

sur

red

adj II

sra

red

adj II, fem

surbakhun

reddish

adj I

surkóttey

little red

adj IV

sursárey

red-headed [hair]

adj IV

surwábra, surwázma

like red

adj I, V

swadzandúkey

inflammable

adj IV

swadzem

burn

verb I, II

sw-

burned

verb I, II, past

taa

you

pron, obl

taar

thread, wire

noun m 1, m 2

táasi, táasu

you (pl)

pron

tabdil

change

noun m 1

tafri, tafriqh

recess, recreation [play]

noun f 4

tag

going, departure [leaving]

noun m 1

takht

platform, throne

noun m 1

taklif, taklip

trouble, inconvenience

noun m 1

ta'lim, taalim

education, instruction, knowledge

noun m 1

ta'limaat, taalimaat

education, instruction, knowledge

noun m 1, pl

tambaaku

tobacco

noun masc pl

tána, téna

men

noun masc pl

táni, téni

women

noun fem pl

tang

narrow

adj I

tanhaa

only, alone

adv

tanur

oven

noun m 1

taqdimawem

submit, present

verb IV-A

taraf

direction

noun m 1

atraaf

directions

noun m 1

tarrem

tie, bind

verb I

tarrun

treaty

noun m 1

tartib

preparation, arrangement, order

noun m 1

tartibaat

preparations, arrangements, orders

noun m 1

tashree, tashriqh

explanation

noun f 1

tashreeaat, tashriqhaat

explanations

noun f 1

tashrif

honor

noun m 1

tashrifaat

honors

noun m 1

tawr

manner, mode

noun m 1

tayaar

ready

adj I

te

you (sg)

pron

te

to

prep

téba

fever

noun f 1

teel

gasoline, oil

noun masc pl

teer

passed, past

adj I

teerawem

spend, pass

verb IV-A

teerbáasem

lead astray, mislead

verb III

teerist-

led astray, misled

verb III, past

teere

sharp

adj II

teerwézem

get deceived

verb II

teerwat-

got deceived

verb II, past

tel

always

adv

ter

over, to

prep

ter ... láandi

below, under

prep

ter ... póri

until, as far as

prep

ter hagha tshi

until

conj

terla

female cousin

noun f 2, f 5

terssedz

seam (of a dress)

noun f 1

teryaak

opium

noun masc pl

téssta

flight

noun f 1

tésstem

flee

verb II

tessteed-

fled, fleed

verb II, past

tézzey

thirsty

adj IV

tóba

shame

noun f 1

tod

hot

adj II

tawda

hot

adj II, fem

top

cannon, gun

noun m 1

toptshi

gunner [shooter]

noun m 2

topak

gun

noun m 1, m 5

tor

black

adj I

torkay

'blackie'

noun m 3

torbakhun

almost black

adj I

torek

black man

noun m 2

tórey

letter (of the alphabet)

noun m 4

tre

uncle

noun m 1

trikh

bitter

adj II

terkha

bitter

adj II, fem

tritshem

sneeze

verb I

triw

sour

adj II

turwa

sour

adj II, fem

tror

father's sister, aunt

noun f 5, f 6

trorzay

cousin

noun m 3

tsaa(h)

well

noun m 2

tsalorlaari

crossroads, intersection

noun f 4

tsalweesst

forty

num

tsaperr(a)

(camel's) hoof

noun f 1

tse

some; which?, what?

pron

tse ranga tshi

as

conj

tsémlem

lie down

verb II

tsemlest-, tsemlaast-

lay down

verb II, past

tsénga

how?

particle

tsengel

elbow

noun f 1

tsergandawem

announce, declare

verb IV-A

tsermen

leather

noun f 1

tsessten

master, owner

noun m 2

tsh tsh

(to horses)

interj

tshaaderi

(veil-like covering for Afghan women)

noun f 4, f 5

tshaai

tea

noun fem pl

tshaarpaai

cot

noun f 5

tshaarre

knife

noun f 2

tshaaryak

(Afghan weight measure)

noun m 1

tshakush, tshaakuss

hammer

noun m 1, m 2

tshamtu

ready

adj V

tshand

-fold, time

noun m 1

tshapraasi

janitor

noun m 2

tshars

hashish

noun masc pl

tsharsi

hashish smoker

noun m 2

tshawem, tshewem

burst, explode

verb I, II

tshawd-, tshaawd-

burst, exploded

verb I, II, past

tshawki

chair

noun f 4

tshéeri

where?

particle

tshéghe tshéghe

(chasing a dog away)

interj

tshelawem

drive

verb I

tsheléezzem

move

verb II

tsheleed-

moved

verb II, past

tshelawúnkey

driver; editor

noun m 4

tsherg

rooster

noun m 2

tshérga

hen

noun f 1, f 5

tshergóttey

little chicken

noun m 4

tshi

that, when

conj

tshilam

hookah, water pipe

noun m 1

tshilamkass

smoker

noun m 2

tshrrapaháarey

splashing

noun m 4

tsiraagh

light, torch

noun m 1

tskawem

smoke

verb I

tskhéezhem

creep

verb II

tskheed-

creeped, crept

verb II, past

tso

some; how many?

pron

tsok, tsog

who?; somebody

pron

tshaa

who?; somebody

pron, obl

tsómra, tsúmra

how much?

pron

tsóna

how much?

adj I, pron

ttaakem

select

verb I

ttaalawem

swing

verb I

ttaank

tank

noun m 1

ttek ttek

(sound of knocking)

particle

ttekawem

knock, beat

verb I

ttékey

point

noun m 4

ttikett, ttikis

ticket; stamp

noun m 2

tting

fast, firm

adj I

ttol

all, whole

adj II

ttolawem

collect, gather (something)

verb IV-A

ttoléezzem

gather, congregate

verb IV-A

ttolgei

class

noun f 4

ttolwaak

supreme ruler, His Majesty

noun m 2

ttukhem

cough

verb I

ttwaal

towel

noun m 1

tukem

spit

verb I

turyaalay

brave

adj III

tut

mulberry, mulberries

noun m 2

twaan

force, violence

noun m 1

um

not ripe, green

adj II

umayd

hope

noun m 1

'umuman

generally, commonly

adv

'umumi

general, universal

adj V

urdu

army

noun m 2

uriadz

cloud

noun f 1

urupaa

Europe

noun fem

ússa

female camel

noun f 1

ussba

camel owner

noun m 5

uzzd

big, long

adj II

uzzdwáali

length

noun f 4

waa

oh! (admiration, surprise)

interj

waade

marriage, wedding

noun m 1

waadi

valley

noun f 4, f 5

waale

stream

noun f 2

waar

(one) time

noun m 1

waasita

medium, means

noun f 2

waasse

grass

noun masc pl

wáawra

snow

noun f 1

waay waay

(pain, grief)

interj

wáayem

say

verb I

way-

said

verb I, past

wahem

beat

verb I

wakhti

early

adj V

wakhti tshi

when

conj

wáli

why?

particle

walwar, waalwar

(price for bride)

noun m 1

war

door

noun m 1, m 5

warrei

wool

noun fem pl

warrin

woollen [woolen]

adj I

wázhnem

kill

verb II

wazh-

killed

verb II, past

we ... te

to

prep

weesste

hair

noun m 2

wélem

shoot, hit

verb II

wisht-

shot, hit

verb II, past

wer-, war-

('in the direction of a third person')

pron particle

werbaasem

take out (toward them)

verb III

werist-

took out (toward them)

verb III, past

werdzem

go (to them)

verb IV

wársem

go (to them)

verb IV, pres II

wertl-

went (to them)

verb IV, past I

wáraghl-

went (to them)

verb IV, past II

werkawem

give (to them)

verb IV

wérkem

give (to them)

verb IV, pres II

werkaw-

gave (to them)

verb IV, past I

wérkrr-

gave (to them)

verb IV, past II

werwelem

bring (somebody to them)

verb II

werwest-

brought (somebody to them)

verb II, past

werwrrem

bring (something to them)

verb I

werrúkey

little, tiny

adj IV

wez

male goat

noun m 2

wezgórrey

kid [goat]

noun m 4

wézem

go out

verb II

wat-

went out

verb II, past

wézzey

hungry

adj IV

wínem

see

verb III

lid-

saw

verb III, past

-wisht

twenty-

num

wlaarr

upright [straight]

adj I

worr

little, small

adj II

warra

little, small

adj II, fem

wraare

brother's son [nephew]

noun m 1

wreeruna

brother's sons [nephews]

noun m 1

wradz

day

noun f 1

wreessmin

silken

adj I

wrendaar

brother's wife [sister-in-law]

noun f 1, f 5

wrídzhi

(hulled) rice

noun fem pl

wro (wro)

slow

adv

wror

brother

noun m 1

wrunna

brothers

noun m 1

wrorgalwi

brotherhood

noun f 4

wrost

rotten

adj II

wrasta

rotten

adj II, fem

wrrem

take away, convey (something)

verb IV

yosem

take away, convey (something)

verb IV, pres II

wrr-

took away, conveyed (something)

verb IV, past I

yowrr-

took away, conveyed (something)

verb IV, past II

wrun

thigh

noun m 1

wrusta

afterwards

adv

wrusta le

after

prep

wrusta ter

after

prep

wrustanay

latter

adj III

wutsh

dry

adj I

wutshawem

dry

verb IV-A

wutshmórey

having a mother without milk

adj IV

ya (ya)

no

particle

yaa

or

conj

yaa ... yaa

either ... or

conj

yaabu

pack horse; mule

noun m 2

yaad

memory

noun m 1

yakh

icy, cold

adj I

yákshambee

Sunday

noun f 1

yaw

one

adj II

yawtsok

someone

pron

yawáazi

alone

adj V

yawóles

eleven

num

yee

of him (her, them); by him (her, them)

pron particle

yeewee

plow

noun f 1

yem

am [be]

auxil verb

wem

was [be]

auxil verb, past

yor

husband's brother's wife [sister-in-law]

noun f 6

yandi

husband's brothers' wives [sisters-in-law]

noun f 6

yum

spade

noun m 1, m 2

yaame

spade

noun m 1, m 2, obl

zaango

cradle

noun f 3

zaki

bright, intelligent

adj V

zang

bell

noun m 1

zangawem

swing

verb I

zangola

little bell

noun f 2

zangun

knee

noun m 1

zarurat

necessity

noun m 1

zaruri

necessary

adj V

zda

learned

adj V

ze

I

pron

zer

thousand

noun m 1

zerghun

green

adj II

zerghunwázma

like green

adj I, V

zeri'a

medium, means

noun f 2

zerin

(made of) metal

adj I

zérka

partridge

noun f 1

zerrgay

darling

noun m 3

zgeerway

groan

noun m 3

zghére

mailed coat

noun f 1

zháarrem

weep

verb I

zharr-

weeped, wept

verb I, past

zhámey, zhémey

winter

noun m 4

zharraa

weeping, crying

noun f 3

zharraand

weeping, crying

adj I

zharrawem

make cry

verb I

zhéba, zhébe

language, tongue

noun f 1

zhebawar

eloquent

adj I

zher

fast

adv

zherr

yellow

adj I

zhewertob

depth

noun m 1

zhewerwáali

depth

noun f 4

zhghórem

keep

verb I

zhóyem

chew

verb II

zhow-

chewed

verb II, past

zhwanday

alive

adj III

zhwandun

life

noun m 1

zikr

mentioned

adj I

zizz

coarse, rough

adj II

zmaa

of me, my

pron

zmaray

lion

noun m 3

zmarei

lioness

noun f 4

zorr

old

adj II

zarra

old

adj II, fem

zrre

heart

noun m 1

zrrewer, zrrewar

brave

adj I

zrrewertiaa

courage

noun f 3

zuy

son

noun m 5

zaamen

sons

noun m 5

zzagh

voice, sound

noun m 1

zzbáarra

translation

noun f 1

zzdem

put

verb IV

zzmundz

comb

noun f 1

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end of dictionary