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HOW HAM RADIO ENDURES - AND REMAINS A DISASTER LIFELINE - IN THE IPHONE ERA

When disaster strikes, and conventional communication systems fail, amateur ham
radio operators step in to bridge the gap, providing a crucial link between
those in affected areas and the outside world.
Written by Steven Vaughan-Nichols, Senior Contributing Editor Oct. 11, 2024 at
2:37 a.m. PT

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When I was a kid living near Grantsville, West Virginia, a few neighbors were
into amateur ham radio. I found their analog electronics and antennas and their
mastery of Morse code fascinating. 

They were into it because they talked with people thousands of miles away,
played with tech, and knew they could help people in an emergency. Decades
later, the tech has changed; you no longer need to know Morse code, but people
are still out there in all kinds of weather, helping others when there's a
disaster.  



Also: When a hurricane hit my mountain home, the disconnection shocked me

In the aftermath of a catastrophe, ham radio operators play a vital role in
relaying messages between disaster victims and their concerned friends and
family members. These skilled volunteers use their equipment to establish
communication networks, often when cell towers are down and internet access is
unavailable.

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Hams don't just connect individuals -- they also help coordinate large-scale
relief efforts. They provide critical information to emergency management
officials and help direct resources to where they're needed most.



Also: 5 hurricane-tracking apps I rely on as a Floridian tech pro - and which
one is my favorite

Although hams are "amateurs" at establishing and maintaining communication links
between agencies and networks in disaster-struck areas, they're actually pros. 

You see, hams don't just spring into action during emergencies. They undergo
regular training and participate in drills to ensure they're prepared for
disasters. The biggest drill is the Amateur Radio Emergency Service (ARES) Field
Day.




In an age of advanced technology, ham radio remains a reliable backup when other
systems fail. Armed with their skills and battery-powered radio equipment,
operators stand ready to provide a vital service, ensuring that in times of
crisis, communication lines remain open and help can reach those who need it.

Ham radio operators use a variety of radio bands to communicate over long
distances, allowing them to reach areas far outside the disaster zone. This
enables them to relay messages and information when local infrastructure is
down.



Also: This wearable solar panel charges all your devices and weighs less than a
MacBook

In a disaster, ham radio operators create self-organized networks to relay
messages in and out of affected areas. In the United States, they're regulated
by the Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service (RACES). 

Many hams also complete Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) National
Incident Management System (NIMS) and Incident Command System (ICS) courses to
work effectively with emergency management communication frameworks. In
addition, some hams take National Weather Service (SKYWARN) storm spotter
training to provide accurate severe weather reports. Finally, there's Auxiliary
Communications (AUXCOMM) training to integrate hams into local emergency
operations centers.




Armed with their gear and training, hams create "traffic nets" or "nets" to pass
information about victims, supplies, and damage reports to authorities and
family members outside the disaster zone. These nets have designated
frequencies, schedules, and procedures to relay messages and information
efficiently. Hams may also be assigned to operate from emergency operations
centers, shelters, hospitals, and other critical sites to provide
communications.



Operators use standardized message formats and procedures to transmit
information accurately. This includes formal message forms, phonetic alphabets,
and protocols for relaying messages between stations. Emergency traffic takes
priority over routine communications. Hams use a system of message precedence
(Routine, Priority, Immediate, Flash) to ensure traffic flows smoothly. 

Also: Starlink's Hurricane relief offer is not quite as free as advertised



Operators often check into designated nets or report to pre-assigned locations
during a natural disaster. No one calls these operators out to get to work.
They're expected to report to nets or assigned stations and get on the air. 



Many emergency management agencies have formal agreements or memoranda of
understanding with amateur radio organizations. This allows for coordinated
planning and response.



Want to help the next time a hurricane comes your way? You can start your road
to becoming a ham by studying ham radio concepts, terminology, and regulations
using resources such as the ARRL Technician Class License Manual. You'll then,
in the US, need to pass the FCC Amateur Radio License Exam.

You'll also need to purchase a beginner-level transceiver, such as the Baofeng
UV-5R, a compact handheld radio scanner transceiver providing four watts in the
UHF/VHF frequency ranges. If you get seriously interested in the hobby, you can
buy a mountain of equipment from companies like Ham Radio Outlet. You can also
often purchase good-quality used gear from hamfests, get-togethers of other
radio enthusiasts, and local clubs. 



Also: How to use Android's emergency satellite texting if you lose cell signal

I also highly recommend you connect with a local ham group. They can help you
get up to speed faster than any other way. Members can also help you master ham
jargon, which can be confusing.



And, on that note, 73 SK.

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