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MACROSTRAT

A platform for geological data exploration, integration, and analysis

1,534 regional rock columns
35,481 rock units
2,540,323 geologic map polygons
51,212 stratigraphic names
Search Geologic Map
Go mobile


NORTH AMERICA

7,239 packages. 24,141 units. 48,696 collections.


CARIBBEAN

243 packages. 798 units. 897 collections.


NEW ZEALAND

828 packages. 2,168 units. 328 collections.


DEEP SEA

388 packages. 7,124 units. 0 collections.


GEOLOGIC MAPS

With over 225 maps from data providers around the world across every scale,
Macrostrat is the world's largest homogenized geologic map database. Our data
processing pipeline links geologic map polygons to Macrostrat column polygons,
external stratigraphic name lexicons, and geochronological intervals, enabling
the enhancement of the original map data and allowing for direct links into xDD
(formly GeoDeepDive).

Are you affiliated with a state or national geologic survey? Get in touch with
us - we'd love to collaborate and help publicize your maps!

Get started by exploring the map or taking a look at which maps are currently a
part of Macrostrat.


ABOUT

Summary
Macrostrat is a platform for the aggregation and distribution of geological data
relevant to the spatial and temporal distribution of sedimentary, igneous, and
metamorphic rocks as well as data extracted from them. It is linked to the xDD
(formly GeoDeepDive) digital library and machine reading system, and it aims to
become a community resource for the addition, editing, and distribution of new
stratigraphic, lithological, environmental, and economic data. Interactive
applications built upon Macrostrat are designed for educational and research
purposes.
License
All data are provided under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
license (CC-BY-4.0).
Citation
In presentations: Acknowledge Macrostrat by name. You may also include any of
the Macrostrat logos accessible on this webpage.

In publications: Acknowledge Macrostrat as the source of any information or
data. In publications, you may cite our most recent infrastructure paper, Peters
et al. (2018). In addition, you should also include citations to the original
references associated with the data set that was used. These references are
accessible from the API. If you would like your paper listed in the official
publications, please contact us and we will provide a citation and link.
Collaboration
Our small team has worked hard to compile, format, and make data available via
Macrostrat. We strongly encourage and welcome active collaborations, both
scientific and geoinformatic. All data are provided freely on under a CC-BY-4.0
license.
Funding
Major Macrostrat data infrastructure development was supported by the US
National Science Foundation (EAR-1150082, ICER-1440312), with ongoing support
for data acquisition supported by NSF EAR-1948843 and ICER-1928323. Continuous
and ongoing support has also been provided by the UW-Madison Department of
Geoscience. If you use Macrostrat and like what we do, please consider helping
out with a donation. Every contribute helps us to maintain infrastructure and
keep improving.


BUILT WITH MACROSTRAT

Sift

Explore Macrostrat (by Macrostrat)

Rockd

A mobile field book, Macrostrat style.

Map

Integrating the world's geologic maps (by Macrostrat)

Mancos

Explore Macrostrat and PBDB in iOS (by Hunt Mountain Software)

FOC

A glass bottom jet (by Amy Myrbo, Shane Loeffler et al.)

API Template

Foundation of all Macrostrat services (by Macrostrat)


API

All data contained in the Macrostrat database are freely available via our
Application Programming Interface (API), which provides a convinient way to
retrieve data for analysis or application creation. For more information head
over to the API root to explore available routes.


PEOPLE

Shanan Peters
Professor, Database Developer
peters -at geology.wisc.edu

Daven Quinn
Research Scientist, Developer
daven.quinn -at wisc.edu

Evgeny Mazko
Graduate Student
mazko -at wisc.edu

Amy Fromandi
Full Stack Developer
afromandi -at- wisc -dot- edu

Michael McClennen
Senior Programmer Analyst
mmcclenn -at- geology.wisc.edu

Daniel Segessenmen
Graduate Student (former)

Shan Ye
Graduate Student (former)

Ben Linzmeier
Postdoctoral Scholar (former)

Casey Idzikowski
Research Specialist, Developer (former)

Afiqah Rafi
Undergrad Student (former)

Andrew Zaffos
Data Mobilization and Research Scientist
azaffos -at- email.arizona.edu

Sharon McMullen
Researcher (former)

Jon Husson
Postdoctoral Researcher (former)
jhusson - at - uvic.ca

Erika Ito
Research Intern (former)

Noel Heim
Researcher (former)

John Czaplewski
Next-level Developer (former)

Puneet Kishor
Generally Ignored
punkish at eidesis.org




DONATE

Donate now
Grant funding, principally from the U.S. National Science Foundation, got
Macrostrat off the ground and keeps us innovating, but maintaining and growing a
free and open digital resource involves ongoing expenses beyond the grant cycle,
like annual certificate renewals, cloud server hosting and backup storage that
keep your connection safe, domain name registrations that keep us located on the
web, and system upgrades to keep us fast and efficient. If you would like to
help us continue to grow and provide free resources, you can do so with a
one-time or recurring gift to the UW Foundation Paleontology Program Fund in
Geology. Thank you!


PUBLICATIONS

literature utilizing Macrostrat

 1.  Howes, B., A. Mehra, E. Geyman, J. Wilcots, R. Manzuk, C. Deutsch, A.
     Maloof. 2024. The where, when, and how of ooid formation: what ooids tell
     us about ancient seawater chemistry. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,
     637:118697. 10.1016/j.epsl.2024.118697. [link]
 2.  Gazdewich, S., T. Hauck, J. Husson. 2024. Authigenic carbonate burial
     within the Late Devonian western Canada sedimentary basin and its impact on
     the global carbon cycle. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems
     10.1029/2023GC011376. [link]
 3.  Segessenman, D.C. and S.E. Peters. 2024. Transgression-regression cycles
     drive correlations in Ediacaran-Cambrian rock and fossil records.
     Paleobiology 10.1017/pab.2023.31. [link]
 4.  Quinn, D.P., C.R. Idzikowski, S.E. Peters. 2023. Building a multi-scale,
     collaborative, and time-integrated digital crust: The next stage of the
     Macrostrat data system. Geoscience Data Journal 10.1002/gdj3.189. [link]
 5.  Tasistro-Hart, A.R. and F.A. Macdonald. 2023. Phanerozoic flooding of North
     America and the Great Unconformity. Proceedings of the National Academy of
     Sciences 120(37):e2309084120. [link]
 6.  Husson, J.M. and L.A. Coogan. 2023. River chemistry reveals a large
     decrease in dolomite abundance across the Phanerozoic. Geochemical
     Perspective Letters 26:1-6. [link]
 7.  Walton, C.R., J. Hao, F. Huang, F.E. Jenner, H. Williams, A.L. Zerkle, A.
     Lipp, R.M. Hazen, S.E. Peters, O. Shorttle. 2023. Evolution of the crustal
     phosphorus reservoir. Science Advances 9(18):eade6923. [link]
 8.  Balseiro, D. and M.G. Powell. 2023. Relative oversampling of carbonate
     rocks in the North American marine fossil record. Paleobiology [link]
 9.  Ye, S., S.E. Peters. 2023. Bedrock geological map predictions for
     Phanerozoic fossil occurrences. Paleobiology 49(3):394-413. [link]
 10. Wang, J., Tarhan, L.G., Jacobson, A.D. et al. 2023. The evolution of the
     marine carbonate factory. Nature https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05654-5
     [link]
 11. Capel, E., C. Monnet, C.J. Cleal, J. Xue, T. Servais, B. Cascales-Miñana.
     2023. The effect of geological biases on our perception of early land plant
     radiation. Palaeontology 66:e12644 [link]
 12. Sessa, J.A., A.J. Fraass, LJ. LeVay, K.M. Jamson, S.E. Peters. 2023. The
     Extending Ocean Drilling Pursuits (eODP) Project: Synthesizing Scientific
     Ocean Drilling Data. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems [link]
 13. Segessenman, D.C. and S.E. Peters. 2023. Macrostratigraphy of the Ediacaran
     system in North America. In "Laurentia: Turning Points in the Evolution of
     a Continent." S.J. Whitmeyer, M.L. Williams, D.A. Kellett, B. Tikoff, eds.
     GSA Memoir. [link]
 14. Boulila, S., S.E. Peters, R.D. Müller, B.U. Haq, N.Hara. 2023. Earth’s
     interior dynamics drive marine fossil diversity cycles of tens of millions
     of years. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences e2221149120
     [link]
 15. Peters, S.E., D. Quinn, J.M. Husson, R.R. Gaines. 2022. Macrostratigraphy:
     insights into cyclic and secular evolution of the Earth-life system. Ann.
     Rev. Earth & Planet. Sci. 50:419-449 [link]
 16. Emmings, J.F., S.W. Poulton, J. Walsh, K.A. Leeming, I. Ross, S.E. Peters.
     2022. Pyrite mega-analysis reveals modes of anoxia through geologic time.
     Science Advances 8(11). [link]
 17. Chen, G., Q. Cheng, S.E. Peters, C.J. Spencer, M. Zhao. 2022. Feedback
     between surface and deep processes: insight from time series analysis of
     sedimentary record. Earth and Planet. Sci. Letters. [link]
 18. Peters, S.E. et al. 2021. Igneous rock area and age in continental crust.
     Geology. doi:10.1130/G49037.1. [link]
 19. Loughney, K.M., C. Badgley, A. Bahadori, W.E. Hold, and E.T. Rasbury. 2021.
     Tectonic influence on Cenozoic mammal richness and sedimentation history of
     the Basin and Range, western North America. Science Advances
     7(45):p.eabh4470. doi:10.1126/sciadv.abh4470
 20. Key, M.M. Jr., P.N.W. Jackson, C.M. Reid. 2021. Trepostome bryozoans buck
     the trend and ignore calcite-aragonite seas. Palaeobiodiversity and
     Palaeoenvironments. doi:10.1007/s12549-021-00507-x. [link]
 21. Lipp, A.G. et al. 2021. The composition and weathering of the continents
     over geologic time. Geochemical Perspectives Letters.
     doi:10.7185/geochemlet.2109. [link]
 22. Barnes, B.D., J.M. Husson, S.E. Peters. 2020. Authigenic carbonate burial
     in the Late Devonian–Early Mississippian Bakken Formation (Williston Basin,
     USA). Sedimentology. doi:10.1111/sed.12695. [link]
 23. Close, R.A. et al. 2020. The spatial structure of Phanerozoic marine animal
     diversity. Science doi:10.1126/science.aay8309. [link]
 24. Balseiro, D. and Powell, M.G. 2019. Carbonate collapse and the Late
     Paleozoic Ice Age marine biodiversity crisis. Geology doi:10.1130/G46858.1.
     [link]
 25. Keller, C.B., J.M. Husson, R.N. Mitchell, W.F. Bottke, T.M. Gernon, P.
     Boehnke, E.A. Bell, N.L. Swanson-Hysell, S.E. Peters. 2019. Neoproterozoic
     glacial origin of the Great Unconformity. Proc. Nat. Acad. of Sci. USA.
     116(4):1136-1145. doi:10.1073/pnas.1804350116 [link]
 26. Keating-Bitonti, C.R., and S.E. Peters. 2019. Influence of increasing
     carbonate saturation in Atlantic bottom water during the late Miocene.
     Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 518:134-142.
     doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2019.01.006[link]
 27. Cohen, P.A., R. Lockwood, S.E. Peters. 2018. Integrating Macrostrat and
     Rockd into undergraduate Earth Science Teaching. Elements of Paleontology.
     doi:10.1017/9781108681445 [link]
 28. Isson, T.T., and N.J. Planavsky. 2018. Reverse weathering as a long-term
     stabilizer of marine pH and planetary climate. Nature 560:571-475.
     doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0408-4 [link]
 29. Husson, J.M. and S.E. Peters. 2018. Nature of the sedimentary rock record
     and its implications for Earth system evolution. Emerging Topics in Life
     Sciences. doi:10.1042/ETLS20170152 [link]
 30. Peters, S.E., J.M. Husson. 2018. We need a global comprehensive
     stratigraphic database: here’s a start. The Sedimentary Record 16(1).
     doi:10.2110/sedred.2018.1 [link]
 31. Peters, S.E., J.M. Husson, J. Czaplewski. 2018. Macrostrat: a platform for
     geological data integration and deep-time Earth crust research.
     Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems. [link]
     Preprint available on EarthArXiv 27,Jan18. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/YNAXW [link]
 32. Schachat, S.R., C.C. Labandeira, M.R. Saltzman, B.D. Cramer, J.L. Payne,
     C.K. Boyce. 2018. Phanerozoic pO2 and the early evolution of terrestrial
     animals. Proc. Roy. Soc. B.[link]
 33. Zaffos, A., S. Finnegan, S.E. Peters. 2017. Plate tectonic regulation of
     global marine animal diversity. Proc. Nat. Acad. of Sci. USA. [link]
 34. Peters, S.E., J.M. Husson. J. Wilcots. 2017. Rise and fall of stromatolites
     in shallow marine environments. Geology. [link]
 35. Peters, S.E., J.M. Husson. 2017. Sediment cycling on continental and
     oceanic crust. Geology 45:323-326. [link]
 36. Husson, J.M., S.E. Peters. 2017. Atmospheric oxygenation driven by unsteady
     growth of the continental sedimentary reservoir. Earth and Planetary
     Science Letters. 460:68-75. [link]
 37. Schott, R. 2017. Rockd: Geology at your fingertips in a mobile world.
     Bulletin of the Eastern Section of the National Association of Geoscience
     Teachers 67(2):1-4. [link]
 38. Chan, M.A., S.E. Peters, B. Tikoff. 2016. The future of field geology, open
     data sharing, and cybertechnology in Earth science. The Sedimentary Record
     14:4-10. [link]
 39. Nelsen, M.P., B.A. DiMichele, S.E. Peters, C.K. Boyce. 2016. Delayed fungal
     evolution did not cause the Paleozoic peak in coal production. Proc. Nat.
     Acad. of Sci. USA. [link]
 40. Heavens, N.G. 2015. Injecting climate modeling into deep time studies:
     ideas for nearly every project. The Sedimentary Record 13:(4)4-10. [link]
 41. Carroll, A.R. 2015. Geofuels: energy and the Earth. Cambridge University
     Press. [link]
 42. Thomson, T.J. and M.L. Droser. 2015. Swimming reptiles make their mark in
     the Early Triassic: delayed ecologic recovery increased the preservation
     potential of vertebrate swim tracks. Geology 43:215-218. [link]
 43. Fraass, A.J., D.C. Kelly, S.E. Peters. 2015. Macroevolutionary history of
     the planktic foraminifera. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences
     43:5.1-5.28. [link]
 44. Fan, Y., S. Richard, R.S. Bristol, S.E. Peters, et al.. 2015. DigitalCrust:
     A 4D data system of material properties for transforming research on
     crustal fluid flow. Geofluids 15:372-379. [link]
 45. Peters, S.E., D.C. Kelly, and A. Fraass. 2013. Oceanographic controls on
     the diversity and extinction of planktonic foraminifera. Nature.
     493:398-401.[link].
 46. Benson, R.B.J., P.D. Mannion, R.J. Butler, P. Upchurch, A. Goswami, and
     S.E. Evans. 2012. Cretaceous tetrapod fossil record sampling and faunal
     turnover: implications for biogeography and the rise of modern clades.
     Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. [link].
 47. Rook, D.L., N.A. Heim, and J. Marcot. 2012.Contrasting patterns and
     connections of rock and biotic diversity in the marine and non-marine
     fossil records of North America. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology,
     Palaeoecology. 372:123-129. [link]
 48. Halevy, I, S.E. Peters, and W.W. Fischer. 2012. Sulfate burial constraints
     on the Phanerozoic sulfur cycle. Science 337:331-334.
     doi:10.1126/science.1220224.[link].
 49. Peters, S.E. and R.R. Gaines. 2012. Formation of the ‘Great Unconformity’
     as a trigger for the Cambrian explosion. Nature 484:363-366.
     doi:10.1038/nature10969. [link].
 50. Finnegan, S., N.A. Heim, S.E. Peters and W.W. Fischer. 2012. Climate change
     and the selective signature of the late Ordovician mass extinction. PNAS
     doi:10.1073/pnas.1117039109. [link].
 51. Hannisdal, B. and S.E. Peters. 2011. Phanerozoic Earth system evolution and
     marine biodiversity. Science 334:1121-1124. [link].
 52. Butler, R.J. et al. 2011. Sea level, dinosaur diversity and sampling
     biases: investigating the ‘common cause’ hypothesis in the terrestrial
     realm. Proc. Roy. Soc. London B 278:1165-1170. [link].
 53. Melott, A.L. and R.K. Bambach 2011. A ubquitous ~62-Myr periodic
     fluctuation superimposed on general trends in fossil biodiversity II.
     Evolutionary dynamics associated with period fluctuation in marine
     diversity. Paleobiology 37:369-382. [link].
 54. Heim, N.A. and S.E. Peters. 2011. Regional environmental breadth predicts
     geographic range and longevity in fossil marine genera. PLoS One 6:(5)
     e18946; doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0018946 [PDF].
 55. Peters, S.E. and N.A. Heim. 2011. Macrostratigraphy and macroevolution in
     marine environments: testing the common-cause hypothesis. In, Smith, A.B.,
     and A. McGowan, eds. Comparing the rock and fossil records: implications
     for biodiversity. Special Publication of the Geological Society of London
     358:95-104. doi: 10.1144/SP358.7. [link]
 56. Peters, S.E. and N.A. Heim. 2011. The stratigraphic distribution of marine
     fossils in North America. Geology 39:259-262; doi: 10.1130/G31442.1. [PDF]
 57. Finnegan, S., S.E. Peters, and W.W. Fischer. 2011. Late Ordovician-Early
     Silurian selective extinction patterns in Laurentia and their relationship
     to climate change. In J.C. Gutiérrez-Marco, I. Rábano, and D.
     Garcia-Bellido, eds. Ordovician of the World. Cuadernos del Museo Geominera
     14: 155-159.
 58. Meyers, S.R. and S.E. Peters. 2011. A 56 million year rhythm in North
     American sedimentation during the Phanerozoic. EPSL
     doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2010.12.044. [PDF]
 59. Heim, N.A. and S.E. Peters. 2011. Covariation in macrostratigraphic and
     macroevolutionary patterns in the marine record of North America. GSA
     Bulletin 123:620-630. [PDF]
 60. Peters, S.E. and N.A. Heim. 2010. The geological completeness of
     paleontological sampling in North America. Paleobiology 36:61-79. [PDF].
 61. Marx, F.G. 2009. Marine mammals through time: when less is more in studying
     palaeodiversity. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B 138:183-196.
     [link]
 62. McGowan, A.J., and A. Smith. 2008. Are global Phanerozoic marine diversity
     curves truly global? A study of the relationship between regional rock
     records and global Phanerozoic marine diversity. Paleobiology 34:80-103.
     [link]
 63. Mayhew, P.J., G.B. Jenkins, and T.G. Benton. 2008. Long-term association
     between global temperature and biodiversity, origination and extinction in
     the fossil record. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B 275:47-53.
     [link]
 64. Peters, S.E. 2008. Environmental determinants of extinction selectivity in
     the fossil record. Nature 454:626-629. [PDF] [supplement]
 65. Peters, S.E. 2008. Macrostratigraphy and its promise for paleobiology. Pp.
     205-232 In P.H. Kelley and R.K. Bambach, eds. From evolution to geobiology:
     research questions driving paleontology at the start of a new century. The
     Paleontological Society Papers, Vol. 14. 9.[PDF]
 66. Peters, S.E. and W.I. Ausich. 2008. A sampling-standardized
     macroevolutionary history for Ordovician-Early Silurian crinoids.
     Paleobiology 34:104-116. [PDF]
 67. Smith, A.B. 2007. Marine diversity through the Phanerozoic: problems and
     prospects. Journal of the Geological Society, London 164:731-745.[link]
 68. Peters, S.E. 2007. The problem with the Paleozoic. Paleobiology
     33:165-181.[PDF]
 69. Peters, S.E. 2006. Macrostratigraphy of North America. Journal of Geology
     114:391-412.[PDF]
 70. Peters, S.E. 2005. Geologic constraints on the macroevolutionary history of
     marine animals. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences U.S.A.
     102:12326-12331.[PDF]


Produced by the UW Macrostrat Lab
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Current support:
EAR-1948843
ICER-1928323
UW-Madison Dept. Geoscience