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BREADCRUMB

 1. Technical Announcement


BREADCRUMB

 1. Technical Announcement

USGS OPENS DOOR TO LANDSAT 9 DATA

THE U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WILL MAKE LANDSAT 9 DATA AVAILABLE FROM THE LANDSAT
ARCHIVE BEGINNING FEBRUARY 10, 2022





BREADCRUMB

 1. Technical Announcement

USGS OPENS DOOR TO LANDSAT 9 DATA

THE U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WILL MAKE LANDSAT 9 DATA AVAILABLE FROM THE LANDSAT
ARCHIVE BEGINNING FEBRUARY 10, 2022



 * 1
 * 2
 * 3


By Communications and Publishing February 10, 2022

The U.S. Geological Survey will make Landsat 9 data available from the Landsat
archive beginning February 10, 2022. 

At this time, USGS Landsat 9 Collection 2 Level-1 and Level-2 data will be
made available for download from EarthExplorer, Machine to Machine (M2M),
and LandsatLook. Initially, USGS will provide only full-bundle downloads. USGS
will provide single band downloads and browse images, and Landsat 9 Collection 2
U.S. Analysis Ready Data shortly thereafter. Commercial cloud data distribution
will take 3-5 days to reach full capacity. 

The recently deployed Landsat 9 satellite passed its post-launch assessment
review and is now operational. This milestone marks the beginning of the
satellite’s mission to extend Landsat's unparalleled, 50-year record
of imaging Earth’s land surfaces, surface waters, and coastal
regions from space. Landsat 9 launched September 27, 2021, from Vandenberg Space
Force Base in California. The satellite carries two science instruments, the
Operational Land Imager 2 (OLI-2) and the Thermal Infrared Sensor 2
(TIRS-2). The OLI–2 captures observations of the Earth’s surface in visible,
near-infrared, and shortwave-infrared bands, and TIRS-2 measures thermal
infrared radiation, or heat, emitted from the Earth’s surface. 

Landsat 9 improvements include higher radiometric resolution for OLI-2 (14-bit
quantization increased from 12-bits for Landsat 8), enabling sensors to detect
more subtle differences, especially over darker areas such as water or dense
forests. With this higher radiometric resolution, Landsat 9 can differentiate
16,384 shades of a given wavelength. In comparison, Landsat 8 provides 12-bit
data and 4,096 shades, and Landsat 7 detects only 256 shades with its 8-bit
resolution. In addition to the OLI-2 improvement, TIRS-2 has significantly
reduced stray light compared to the Landsat 8 TIRS, which enables improved
atmospheric correction and more accurate surface temperature measurements. 

All commissioning and calibration activities show Landsat 9 performing just as
well, if not better, than Landsat 8. In addition to routine calibration
methods (i.e., on-board calibration sources, lunar observations, pseudo
invariant calibration sites (PICS), and direct field in
situ measurements), an underfly of Landsat 9 with Landsat 8 in
mid-November 2021 provided cross-calibration between the two satellites’ onboard
instruments, ensuring data consistency across the Landsat Collection 2 archive. 

Working in tandem with Landsat 8, Landsat 9 will provide major improvements to
the nation’s land imaging, sustainable resource management, and climate science
capabilities. Landsat’s imagery provides a landscape-level view of the land
surface, surface waters (inland lakes and rivers) and
coastal zones, and the changes that occur from both natural processes and
human-induced activity.  

“Landsat 9 is distinctive among Earth observation missions because it carries
the honor to extend the 50-year Landsat observational record into the next 50
years,” said Chris Crawford, USGS Landsat 9 Project Scientist. Partnered in
orbit with Landsat 8, Landsat 9 will ensure continued eight-day global land and
near-shore revisit.” 

Since October 31, 2021, Landsat 9 has collected over 57,000 images
of the planet and will collect approximately 750 images of Earth each day. These
images will be processed, archived, and distributed from the USGS Earth
Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center in Sioux Falls, South Dakota.
Since 2008, the USGS Landsat Archive has provided more than 100 million images
to data users around the world, free of charge. 

Landsat 9 is a joint mission between the USGS and NASA and is the latest in
the Landsat series of remote sensing satellites. The Landsat Program has been
providing global coverage of landscape change since 1972. Landsat’s unique
long-term data record provides the basis for a critical understanding of
environmental and climate changes occurring in the United States and around the
world.  

Data Availability 

Learn more about Landsat 9 data access 

Visit the Landsat 9 webpages to learn more about the latest mission: 

USGS Landsat 9 

NASA Landsat 9 

 

 

Sources/Usage: Public Domain.
Natural color image of Eleuthera Island, the Bahamas, as seen by Landsat 9 on
January 18, 2022. Between Landsat 8 and Landsat 9, the Landsat program delivers
complete coverage of the Earth’s surface every eight days.  Landsat Scene ID
LC09_L1TP_013042_20220118_20220118_02_T1
Sources/Usage: Public Domain.
False color image of the Anchorage, Alaska area, as observed by Landsat 9 on
November 20, 2021. The image was built using infrared, red, and blue bands of
the electromagnetic spectrum. Landsat satellites’ ability to peer beyond visible
light make the data acquired with each pass more valuable to the study of
Earth's surface changes. Landsat Scene ID
LC09_L1TP_069017_20211120_20220123_02_T1
Sources/Usage: Public Domain.
These images of Hawaii’s Kilauea Volcano, captured on January 25, 2022, show two
of the USGS science products built from imagery collected by the Landsat 9
satellite. The left image shows Landsat surface reflectance, a product that
removes atmospheric interference to best mirror on-the-ground conditions, as
recorded here in the short-wave infrared, near infrared and red bands of the
electromagnetic spectrum. On the right is the same image seen through the lens
of the Landsat surface temperature product, which records temperature in Kelvin.
Landsat Scene ID LC09_L1TP_062047_20220125_20220126_02_T1


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