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LATEST POSTS ON PROMED-MAIL

 * 29 Sep 2024 Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (20): USA (MA) horse
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 * 29 Sep 2024 Poliomyelitis (23): Pakistan (SD) update
 * 29 Sep 2024 Marburg virus disease - Rwanda (02): update, WHO
 * 28 Sep 2024 African swine fever - Asia (59): Philippines (QZ) domestic,
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 * 28 Sep 2024 Dengue/DHF update (85): Trinidad and Tobago, additional cases
 * 28 Sep 2024 Foodborne illness - Viet Nam (26): (HG) update, bacteria and
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 * 28 Sep 2024 Salmonellosis - USA (11): (CA) restaurant
 * 28 Sep 2024 Rabies (82): India (ML) deaths in 2023 and 2024
 * 28 Sep 2024 Hepatitis E - USA: laboratory spread of rat HEV from human to
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 * 28 Sep 2024 Rabies (81): Americas (USA) bat exposure, fatal
 * 28 Sep 2024 Avian influenza, human - Ghana: (UE) A(H9N2), 1st case, WHO
 * 27 Sep 2024 Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (19): USA, horse
 * 27 Sep 2024 Avian influenza (111): China (ZJ) HPAI H5N6, wild bird, WOAH
 * 27 Sep 2024 Chikungunya, dengue and Zika viruses (02): Costa Rica
 * 27 Sep 2024 Cholera, diarrhea & dysentery update (55): Nigeria (EB) fatal
 * 27 Sep 2024 Hantavirus - Americas (20): Chile (BI)
 * 27 Sep 2024 Listeriosis - Switzerland: baker's yeast products, 2022-2024,
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 * 27 Sep 2024 Marburg virus disease - Rwanda (01): conf, MOH, RFI
 * 26 Sep 2024 COVID-19 update (40): selected countries/regions, XEC,
   oscillatory patterns, WHO
 * 26 Sep 2024 Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (18): Canada, USA,
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 * 26 Sep 2024 Rabies (80): Malaysia (SK) stray dog, spread
 * 26 Sep 2024 Lumpy skin disease - South Korea (05): cattle, domestic, WOAH
 * 26 Sep 2024 Foodborne illness - Viet Nam (25): (VL) update, legal procedures
 * 26 Sep 2024 Meningococcal disease - Viet Nam: (HC) fatal
 * 26 Sep 2024 Anthrax - El Salvador: cattle, fatal
 * 26 Sep 2024 Undiagnosed deaths - Nigeria (08): (YO) acute diarrhea, RFI
 * 26 Sep 2024 Leprosy - Jordan: success story, WHO
 * 26 Sep 2024 Mpox update (56): India (KL) introduction of clade 1b
 * 26 Sep 2024 Botulism - Brazil: (BA) chicken mortadella, fatal
 * 26 Sep 2024 New world screwworm, Costa Rica (02): (CA) sloth, fatal
 * 26 Sep 2024 Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (17): USA (NY) human,
   fatal
 * 25 Sep 2024 Cholera, diarrhea & dysentery update (54): Taiwan, increase,
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 * 25 Sep 2024 Xylella fastidiosa - new hosts
 * 25 Sep 2024 Oropouche virus - USA (03): ex Cuba
 * 25 Sep 2024 Undiagnosed disease - Azerbaijan: children, alert, RFI
 * 25 Sep 2024 Human enterovirus D68 - USA
 * 25 Sep 2024 Trichinellosis - Argentina (05): (CB) pork products
 * 25 Sep 2024 Hepatitis A - India (06): (KL)
 * 25 Sep 2024 Gastroenteritis - Canada: (PE) shellfish festival
 * 25 Sep 2024 Crimean-Congo hem. fever - Asia (25): Iraq, MOH update
 * 25 Sep 2024 Gastroenteritis - Egypt (02): (AN) E. coli, conf, MOH
 * 25 Sep 2024 Epizootic hemorrhagic disease - USA (02): (OH) deer
 * 25 Sep 2024 Pertussis - Canada: (PE, YT) increase
 * 25 Sep 2024 West Nile virus - Europe (04): Spain
 * 25 Sep 2024 Pertussis - USA (05): multi-state, increasing cases
 * 24 Sep 2024 Legionellosis - USA (05): (NC) RFI
 * 24 Sep 2024 Measles - USA (38): (MN) continued spread
 * 24 Sep 2024 Avian influenza (110): Taiwan (TP) HPAI H5N1, bird, WOAH
 * 24 Sep 2024 Vibrio vulnificus - USA (02): (TX) necrotizing fasciitis, fatal
 * 24 Sep 2024 Salmonellosis, serotype Umbilo - Denmark, Austria: possible
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 * 24 Sep 2024 Avian influenza (109): Americas (Falkland Islands) penguin
 * 24 Sep 2024 Bluetongue - Europe (14): Belgium, UK
 * 23 Sep 2024 Bacterial blight & marssonina, walnut - Germany: (BW)
 * 23 Sep 2024 Foodborne illness - Viet Nam (24): (BK) school setting, S. aureus
 * 23 Sep 2024 Mpox update (55): Philippines, additional cases
 * 23 Sep 2024 Crimean-Congo hem. fever - Asia (24): Pakistan (BA) fatal
 * 23 Sep 2024 Vector borne diseases - India (04): (MH)
 * 23 Sep 2024 Botulism, avian - USA: (CA) wild bird
 * 23 Sep 2024 Yellow fever - Americas (10): PAHO/WHO
 * 22 Sep 2024 Rabies (79): Tunisia (BJ) animal
 * 22 Sep 2024 Gastroenteritis - Egypt: (AN) waterborne, RFI
 * 22 Sep 2024 Pertussis - USA (04): (NE, AK) increasing case numbers
 * 22 Sep 2024 Influenza (12): USA (MN) H3N2v, swine origin
 * 21 Sep 2024 Bluetongue - Europe (13): Italy (st 8) livestock, camel, Norway,
   UK (st 3) livestock, RFI
 * 21 Sep 2024 Lumpy skin disease - Thailand (02): (CM) cattle, buffalo, WOAH
 * 21 Sep 2024 Avian influenza (108): Czech Republic (SK) poultry, HPAI H5N1,
   WOAH
 * 21 Sep 2024 Food poisoning - Taiwan: terbufos pesticide, fatal
 * 21 Sep 2024 Hepatitis B - South Sudan: (WH) increasing incidence, MOH
 * 21 Sep 2024 Poliomyelitis (22): Pakistan (BA) update
 * 21 Sep 2024 Dengue/DHF update (84): Trinidad and Tobago, additional cases,
   fatal
 * 21 Sep 2024 Streptococcus, group B - China (02): (HK) ST283, invasive,
   freshwater fish, more cases, fatal
 * 21 Sep 2024 Melioidosis - China (02): (HK) new cases
 * 20 Sep 2024 Lumpy skin disease - South Korea (04): cattle, domestic, WOAH
 * 20 Sep 2024 Q fever - Montenegro (02): (DA) additional cases
 * 20 Sep 2024 Baylisascariasis - USA: (CA) Los Angeles
 * 20 Sep 2024 Dengue/DHF update (83): Sudan (KH) increasing incidence, health
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 * 19 Sep 2024 Dengue/DHF update (82): USA (CA) local cluster
 * 19 Sep 2024 Cholera, diarrhea & dysentery update (53): Nigeria (AD) fatal
 * 19 Sep 2024 Lumpy skin disease - South Korea (03): (KG) cattle, 4th outbreak
 * 19 Sep 2024 Crimean-Congo hem. fever - Asia (23): Israel, cattle, 1st report
 * 19 Sep 2024 Dengue/DHF update (81): Bangladesh
 * 19 Sep 2024 Anthrax - Uganda (02): (UU) fatal
 * 19 Sep 2024 Mpox update (54): India (KL) ex UAE
 * 19 Sep 2024 Cholera, diarrhea & dysentery update (52): Sudan, new cases,
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 * 19 Sep 2024 Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (16): USA (NH) human
 * 19 Sep 2024 Bluetongue - Europe (12): Sweden (GT) 1st rep, UK (EX) spread
 * 19 Sep 2024 Pertussis - Guam
 * 19 Sep 2024 Avian influenza (107): Israel (HZ) poultry, HPAI
 * 19 Sep 2024 Oropouche virus - Cuba: Guillain-Barre syndrome
 * 18 Sep 2024 Avian influenza, human - China (10): (GD) H9N2, RFI
 * 18 Sep 2024 New World screwworm - Honduras: cattle, horse
 * 18 Sep 2024 Dengue/DHF update (80): USA (CA) locally acquired
 * 18 Sep 2024 Undiagnosed deaths - India (03): (BR) children, RFI
 * 18 Sep 2024 Dengue/DHF update (79): Sri Lanka
 * 18 Sep 2024 Leptospirosis - India (04): (KL) update
 * 18 Sep 2024 Foodborne illness - Myanmar: (NY) flooding, donated food,
   Bacillus cereus susp.
 * 18 Sep 2024 Fort Sherman virus - Peru: (LB) human case, 2020
 * 18 Sep 2024 Ink disease & brown rot, sweet chestnut - Greece
 * 18 Sep 2024 Chikungunya, dengue and Zika viruses: India (MH)
 * 17 Sep 2024 Foodborne illness - Viet Nam (23): (HG, GL) students, susp., RFI
 * 17 Sep 2024 Dengue/DHF update (78): Trinidad and Tobago
 * 17 Sep 2024 Q fever - Montenegro: (DA)
 * 17 Sep 2024 Cholera, diarrhea & dysentery update (51): Iraq (AR) new cases,
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 * 17 Sep 2024 Avian influenza, human - USA (09): (MO) H5N1, link to dairy
   cattle, symptomatic contacts
 * 17 Sep 2024 Streptococcus, group B - China: (HK) ST283, invasive, freshwater
   fish source, fatal
 * 17 Sep 2024 Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (15): Canada (ON)
   human, fatal
 * 17 Sep 2024 Crimean-Congo hem. fever - Asia (22): Pakistan (BA, PB)
 * 17 Sep 2024 Brucellosis - USA: (WY) cattle
 * 17 Sep 2024 Dieback, pear - China: new bacterial pathogen
 * 17 Sep 2024 Measles - Mozambique: (CD) conf.
 * 17 Sep 2024 Mpox update (53): Pakistan (SD) RFI
 * 17 Sep 2024 Usutu virus - Denmark (03): wild bird, 1st rep
 * 17 Sep 2024 Nipah virus - India (03): (KL) fatal
 * 15 Sep 2024 African swine fever - Asia (58): Philippines (ZS) domestic,
   spread
 * 15 Sep 2024 Measles - Malawi: alert
 * 15 Sep 2024 Cholera, diarrhea & dysentery update (50): Bulgaria ex India
 * 15 Sep 2024 Salmonellosis, st Heidelberg - UK (England): ex Egypt, tourist
   hotel
 * 15 Sep 2024 Avian influenza, human - USA (08): (MO) H5N1, link to dairy
   cattle
 * 14 Sep 2024 COVID-19 update (39): S. Korea, US, India (RJ), subvariant XEC,
   WHO SE Asia, long COVID
 * 14 Sep 2024 Foodborne illness - Viet Nam (22): (HT) mushroom susp., RFI
 * 14 Sep 2024 Zika virus (17): India (MH)
 * 14 Sep 2024 Meningitis, meningococcal - Nigeria (04): update
 * 14 Sep 2024 Japanese encephalitis - Nepal (02)
 * 14 Sep 2024 Measles - USA (37): (KY)
 * 14 Sep 2024 Dengue and Oropouche viruses - Dominican Republic
 * 14 Sep 2024 Cholera, diarrhea & dysentery update (49): Sudan
 * 14 Sep 2024 Lumpy skin disease - Algeria (12): (TO) cattle, spread, control
 * 14 Sep 2024 Mpox update (52): Morocco (MS) 1st case, MOH
 * 14 Sep 2024 Measles - UK (05): (England) more cases, pediatric fatality, poor
   vaccine uptake
 * 14 Sep 2024 Myiasis - Nicaragua: New World screwworm (C. hominivorax) human,
   1st rep
 * 14 Sep 2024 Oropouche virus - Brazil (09): (BA) fatal
 * 13 Sep 2024 Botulism - France (02): (CN) pesto, source conf.
 * 13 Sep 2024 Chikungunya (04) - France (RE)
 * 13 Sep 2024 Salmonellosis, st Typhimurium - Sweden: unknown source
 * 13 Sep 2024 Crimean-Congo hem. fever - Asia (21): Iraq (DA) new cases
 * 13 Sep 2024 Cholera, diarrhea & dysentery update (48): Iraq (AR) children,
   increasing incidence
 * 13 Sep 2024 African swine fever - Europe (03): Italy, spread
 * 13 Sep 2024 Oropouche virus - Americas (05): PAHO/WHO
 * 13 Sep 2024 Dengue/DHF update (77): Sudan (KH) increasing incidence, fatal
 * 13 Sep 2024 Mpox update (51): India (HR)
 * 13 Sep 2024 Dengue/DHF update (76): Nepal, situation update
 * 13 Sep 2024 Mpox update (50): Cote d'Ivoire
 * 12 Sep 2024 Anthrax - Kazakhstan (02): (AA) human
 * 12 Sep 2024 Measles - USA (36): (TN) international traveler
 * 12 Sep 2024 Hepatitis A - UK: (Scotland) children
 * 12 Sep 2024 Plague - Madagascar: (FI) fatal
 * 12 Sep 2024 Cholera, diarrhea & dysentery update (47): Niger (TH) outbreak
 * 12 Sep 2024 Usutu virus - Germany (02): (SH) wild birds
 * 11 Sep 2024 Rabies (78): Americas, human, bat, cat, raccoon, fox, cow
 * 11 Sep 2024 African swine fever - Asia (57): India (MZ) domestic
 * 11 Sep 2024 Malaria - Sudan (02): (KH) increasing incidence, fatal
 * 11 Sep 2024 Lumpy skin disease - Algeria (11): (ET) cattle, fatal
 * 11 Sep 2024 E. coli EHEC - Japan: (CH) O157, ground beef, restaurant
 * 11 Sep 2024 Fowl typhoid - Mexico: (JA, HI) backyard poultry
 * 11 Sep 2024 Botulism - France: (CN) pesto
 * 10 Sep 2024 Undiagnosed deaths - India (02): (GJ) RFI
 * 10 Sep 2024 Anthrax - Bosnia & Herzegovina (01): (SR) sheep
 * 10 Sep 2024 African swine fever - Asia (56): Philippines, domestic, spread
 * 10 Sep 2024 Avian influenza (106): Bhutan (CK) HPAI H5N1, bird, WOAH
 * 10 Sep 2024 Leishmaniasis, visceral - India: (UP)
 * 10 Sep 2024 Dengue/DHF update (75): Bangladesh
 * 10 Sep 2024 Foodborne illness - Morocco (03): (TC) couscous, RFI
 * 10 Sep 2024 Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (14): USA (MA) human
 * 10 Sep 2024 Epizootic hemorrhagic disease - USA: (MI) deer
 * 10 Sep 2024 Coccidioidomycosis - USA (03): (CA) music festival participants,
   more cases, alert
 * 10 Sep 2024 Rabies (77): Canada (ON) human case, bat exposure
 * 10 Sep 2024 Acidovorax citrulli blotch, cucurbits - Russia: 1st rep
 * 10 Sep 2024 Dengue/DHF update (74): USA (CA) locally acquired
 * 09 Sep 2024 Avian infectious bronchitis - China: (HK) bird, WOAH
 * 09 Sep 2024 Wetland virus - China: northeast regions, new tickborne infection
 * 09 Sep 2024 Foodborne illness - Cambodia (04): (RO) raw beef susp, RFI
 * 09 Sep 2024 Schistosomiasis - South Africa: (LP)
 * 09 Sep 2024 Measles - Thailand: southern border provinces, fatal
 * 09 Sep 2024 Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (13): USA, emu, horse
 * 09 Sep 2024 Dengue/DHF update (73): Trinidad and Tobago
 * 09 Sep 2024 Malaria, penguin - USA: (TX) zoo colony, fatal
 * 09 Sep 2024 Banana bunchy top virus - Tanzania
 * 09 Sep 2024 Bluetongue - Europe (11): Czech Republic, st pending, UK, spread
 * 08 Sep 2024 Mpox update (49): Pakistan, discarded condom study, global
   spread, African region
 * 08 Sep 2024 Botulism - USA (12): (NJ) unknown source, RFI
 * 08 Sep 2024 Rabies (76): Viet Nam (DN) pet dog bite
 * 08 Sep 2024 Japanese encephalitis - Nepal
 * 07 Sep 2024 Lumpy skin disease - Taiwan (02) cattle, WOAH
 * 07 Sep 2024 Leptospirosis - Thailand (02): flooding, fatal
 * 07 Sep 2024 Malaria - South Sudan: (WH) fatal
 * 07 Sep 2024 Mpox update (48): Guinea (NZ) epidemic
 * 07 Sep 2024 Food-related toxin - Côte d'Ivoire: (VB) family meal, RFI
 * 07 Sep 2024 Salmonellosis, st Enteritidis - USA: CDC, eggs
 * 07 Sep 2024 Cholera, diarrhea & dysentery update (46): Sudan, new cases,
   fatal, MOH, Nigeria (ED) conf
 * 07 Sep 2024 Eastern equine encephalitis, West Nile virus - USA (02): (MA)
   human
 * 06 Sep 2024 Anthrax - Kazakhstan (01): (AA, QS) human, cattle
 * 06 Sep 2024 Bluetongue - Europe (10): Denmark (st 3), Norway (st pending), UK
   vaccination
 * 06 Sep 2024 Avian influenza (105): Poland (LB) poultry, HPAI H5N1, WOAH
 * 06 Sep 2024 Undiagnosed death, illnesses - Viet Nam: (TY) students, RFI
 * 06 Sep 2024 Avian influenza, human - USA (07): (MO) H5, source unknown
 * 06 Sep 2024 Legionellosis - France (01): (LP) hospital
 * 06 Sep 2024 Legionellosis - USA (04): (NY) assisted living facility, fatal
 * 06 Sep 2024 Rabies (75): Timor-Leste (OE) dog, goat, WOAH
 * 06 Sep 2024 Tularemia - Spain: (CL) human, vole reservoir
 * 06 Sep 2024 Botulism - USA (11): (OH) prison brew
 * 06 Sep 2024 E. coli, enterotoxigenic - Japan: (KS) O169
 * 06 Sep 2024 Foodborne illness - Morocco (02): (CS)
 * 06 Sep 2024 Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (12): Canada, USA,
   horse
 * 05 Sep 2024 Influenza (11): Viet Nam (SL) H1N1v, swine origin, fatal
 * 05 Sep 2024 Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (11): USA (NH) human,
   susp., RFI
 * 05 Sep 2024 Dengue/DHF update (72): India (KA) update
 * 05 Sep 2024 Mpox update (47): Jordan, contacts under quarantine, MOH
 * 05 Sep 2024 Rabies (74): (KS) wolf, human exp
 * 05 Sep 2024 Oropouche virus - Americas (04): PAHO/WHO
 * 05 Sep 2024 African swine fever - Asia (55): Bhutan (PR) domestic, WOAH
 * 05 Sep 2024 Legionellosis - Japan (01): (NN) indoor swimming/wave pool
 * 05 Sep 2024 Anthrax - USA (03): (WY) cattle, moose
 * 04 Sep 2024 Avian influenza (104): Israel (HZ) poultry, HPAI H5N1, WOAH
 * 04 Sep 2024 Fireblight, pear - Spain: (LO)
 * 04 Sep 2024 Lumpy skin disease - Thailand: (NA) cattle, WOAH
 * 04 Sep 2024 Cholera, diarrhea & dysentery update (45): Taiwan, increase
 * 04 Sep 2024 Measles - Viet Nam (07): (HC) increased cases, vaccination
   campaign
 * 04 Sep 2024 Avian influenza, human - Cambodia (12): H5N1, WHO summary
 * 04 Sep 2024 Undiagnosed deaths - Nigeria (07): (JI) cholera susp., update
 * 04 Sep 2024 Mpox update (46): Burundi, surge, hospitalization
 * 04 Sep 2024 Hemorrhagic septicemia - Nigeria: (TA, AD) cattle, fatal
 * 04 Sep 2024 Lumpy skin disease - South Korea (02): (KG) cattle, 2nd outbreak
 * 04 Sep 2024 Meningococcal disease - Peru: (LO)
 * 04 Sep 2024 New in IJID (09): September 2024
 * 04 Sep 2024 Human circovirus 1 - Switzerland: chronic hepatitis,
   immunosuppressed host
 * 04 Sep 2024 Salmonellosis - Japan: (HG) festival, ice cream source
 * 04 Sep 2024 Chikungunya (03): France (RE)
 * 03 Sep 2024 Mpox update (45): Jordan, 1st case, MOH
 * 03 Sep 2024 Malaria - Ethiopia: increasing incidence, fatal, WHO
 * 03 Sep 2024 Cholera, diarrhea & dysentery update (44): Iraq (SL), Sudan (RN)
   fatal, MOH
 * 03 Sep 2024 Dengue/DHF update (71): Bangladesh, India (TN)
 * 03 Sep 2024 Chandipura virus - India (06): (GJ, RJ) WHO
 * 03 Sep 2024 Cryptosporidiosis - USA (02): (MT, KY, OH) swimming pools
 * 02 Sep 2024 African swine fever - Asia (54): Philippines (BT) domestic,
   spread
 * 02 Sep 2024 COVID-19 update (38): vaccine boosters, Canada (QC), China (HK),
   global, South Korea, WHO
 * 02 Sep 2024 Lead poisoning - Russia: (TL) pet food, dog, cat
 * 02 Sep 2024 Tick-borne encephalitis - Norway
 * 02 Sep 2024 Pertussis - Spain, USA
 * 02 Sep 2024 Rabies (73): Brazil (PI) human fatality, marmoset bite source
 * 02 Sep 2024 Hepatitis A - USA (15): (HI) Honolulu, infected food handler
 * 02 Sep 2024 Western equine encephalitis - Americas (22): Argentina, Uruguay,
   Brazil, 2023-2024
 * 02 Sep 2024 Anthrax - Zimbabwe (02): wildlife die-off
 * 02 Sep 2024 Rabies (72): North America (USA) dog, raccoon, fox, bat, bobcat,
   human exp
 * 01 Sep 2024 Bluetongue - Europe (09): Switzerland (st 3) sheep
 * 01 Sep 2024 Legionellosis - Slovakia (01): possible increase in cases
 * 01 Sep 2024 Dengue/DHF update (70): Trinidad & Tobago
 * 31 Aug 2024 Avian influenza (103): USA, poultry, cat, cattle
 * 31 Aug 2024 Lumpy skin disease - Taiwan: beef exports from Kinmen suspended
 * 31 Aug 2024 Salmonellosis - USA (10): live poultry, multiple serotypes
 * 31 Aug 2024 Legionellosis - USA (03): (MO) hotel, alert
 * 31 Aug 2024 Measles - USA (35): (MN) outbreak in unvaccinated Somali
   community
 * 31 Aug 2024 Invasive mosquito - USA (02): (OR)
 * 30 Aug 2024 Bluetongue - Europe (08): update, livestock, UK (st 3),
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Published Date: 2024-09-29 15:49:16 HST
Subject: PRO/AH/EDR> Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (20): USA (MA)
horse
Archive Number: 20240930.8719073

EASTERN EQUINE ENCEPHALITIS - NORTH AMERICA (20): USA (MASSACHUSETTS) HORSE
***************************************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org

Date: Sat 28 Sep 2024
Source: Medical Express [edited]
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-09-eee-threat-massachusetts-horse-positive.html


With October only a few days away, EEE remains a threat in the Bay State. That's
the message from health officials after another horse in Massachusetts tested
positive for eastern equine encephalitis. Four people in the state have been
infected with the rare but serious and potentially fatal disease during this
busy year of mosquito-borne illnesses.

The Massachusetts Department of Public Health on Thursday [26 Sep 2024]
announced a third confirmed case of EEE in a horse this year. The horse was
exposed to EEE in Carver, an area in Plymouth County that's already at high risk
for EEE.

"This latest animal case of EEE confirms that even this late in the season, the
risk for spread of EEE virus from infected mosquitoes is still present," said
Public Health Commissioner Robbie Goldstein.

"With more people going outside to enjoy the mild fall weather, we continue to
recommend that residents take steps to protect themselves from mosquito bites
until the first hard frost," Goldstein added.

There have been 96 EEE-positive mosquito samples in Massachusetts this year
[2024].

Infected mosquitoes have been found in Barnstable, Bristol, Essex, Norfolk,
Middlesex, Plymouth, and Worcester counties.

EEE is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected mosquito. The last
outbreak of EEE in Massachusetts occurred in 2019-2020, and resulted in 17 human
cases with 7 deaths, and 9 animal cases.

There were no human or animal cases of EEE in Massachusetts in 2021, 2022, or
2023.

"Cooler temperatures will start to reduce mosquito activity, but people
shouldn't let their guard down yet," said State Epidemiologist Catherine Brown.
"We continue to strongly advise that everyone in areas at high and critical risk
for EEE reschedule evening outdoor activities to avoid peak mosquito biting
hours."

DPH continues to urge people to use bug spray and to wear long sleeves, long
pants, and socks when outdoors.

[Byline: Rick Sobey]

--
Communicated by:
ProMED

[EEE spread continues in much of the northeast and north central US as well as
in Canada. It's not stated if the horse in this report was vaccinated for EEE.
Annual vaccination (and boosters in areas with long mosquito seasons) is the
most effective tool at preventing EEE in horses.

The US CDC has a state and county level map available at
https://www.cdc.gov/eastern-equine-encephalitis/data-maps/current-year-data.html
for those interested in a more granular view of human and non-human EEE
activity. - Mod.JH

ProMED map:
Massachusetts, United States:
https://promedmail.org/promed-post?place=8719073,224]


SEE ALSO

Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (19): USA, horse 20240928.8719039
Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (18): Canada, USA, horse
20240927.8719025
Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (17): USA (NY) human, fatal
20240926.8718947
Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (16): USA (NH) human
20240919.8718866
Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (15): Canada (ON) human, fatal
20240918.8718808
Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (14): USA (MA) human
20240910.8718679
Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (13): USA, emu, horse
20240910.8718668
Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (12): Canada, USA, horse
20240906.8718527
Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (11): USA (NH) human, susp., RFI
20240906.8718602
Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (10): USA (NH) human, fatal
20240828.8718412
Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (08): USA (MA, VT) human
20240818.8718216
Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (07): USA (NY) horse
20240818.8718156
Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (06): USA, horse 20240810.8718078
Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (05): USA, Canada, horse
20240803.8717924
Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (04): USA (AL) susp.
20240609.8716930
Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (03): USA (FL) horse
20240519.8716597
Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (02): USA (FL) horse
20240501.8716251
Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (01): USA (FL, NJ) horse
20240104.8714057
2023
----
Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (13): USA (GA) 20231009.8712517
Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (09): USA (AL) horse
20230825.8711834
Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (07): USA (AL) fatal
20230821.8711781
Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (02): USA (GA) horse, chicken
20230715.8711170
2019
----
Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (37): USA (AL) human
20191026.6748524
2017
----
Eastern equine encephalitis - USA (06): (AL,NC) sentinel chicken, equine
20170806.5230898
.................................................sb/jh/tw/jh




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