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ALL YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT FACIAL RECOGNITION TECHNOLOGY

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By TechDogs Author - #TD530558
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OVERVIEW

From tagging suggestions while posting group photos on Facebook to using Apple’s
Face ID to unlock your iPhone – Facial Recognition Technology has become more
commonplace and popular than Starbucks! While most of us use this tech in some
form or the other, not many would know much about its history, its use, or its
potential. That’s okay – this is what we, TechDogs, are here for. 
  
Dive into our quick and simplified read on Facial Recognition Technology to not
only understand it thoroughly but also flaunt your knowledge about it. We have
covered everything from its inception to its applications and benefits in this
article.

Facial Recognition Technology – not hearing it for the first time, right? You’d
probably have stumbled upon this term in a movie or in a book or some news. Ever
wondered where it was first used? No? It was not at NASA but you’re close.
Before making its way into the real world, Facial Recognition was used to enter
the archives area in the 1966 Star Trek: The Original Series. (Yes, they thought
of it before it was cool!)
 
Fast-forward to today and Facial Recognition Technology has become a household
name, even more than the super cute Baby Yoda! All said and done, while we’ve
all had a brush with Facial Recognition Technology, do you really know what it
is? Join us as we cut to the chase and tell you what the heck Facial Recognition
Technology is all about.



WHAT IS FACIAL RECOGNITION TECHNOLOGY?


Facial Recognition Technology essentially matches a human face from a digital
image or screengrab from a video against a database of faces by pinpointing
facial features, measuring them and then comparing them. In simpler words, it
takes the captured image and matches it with a pre-recorded image to confirm the
identity of the individual.
 
What started off as a rare technology is now a feature that can be found
in almost every device you can imagine. Smartphones, security cameras, digital
locks cameras and whatnot. However, this technology was not the same at the very
beginning and has undergone several iterations of evolution and development.
Here’s how it all began.
 


HISTORY AND EVOLUTION OF FACIAL RECOGNITION TECHNOLOGY


Let’s not be hasty and assume that Facial Recognition is here because of Star
Trek. The truth is, that Star Trek only played on an idea that was already
growing in the backyard of Woodrow Wilson "Woody" Bledsoe. Often known as the
father of Facial Recognition, Woody developed a cool RAND tablet in 1964 wherein
people could manually measure coordinates of faces (exactly how a tailor takes
your measurements), record them in the tablet as a database, against which new
images were matched–exactly how a garment-maker takes your measurements. Only in
this case, the measurements were of your face and were taken using
a photograph of yours.

A little later, Goldstein, Harmon and Lesk joined the parade and further
enhanced Woody’s process by identifying the exact 21 markers that were to be
measured on the face. However, like the garment–maker, the technologist was
still required to manually take the measurements.


Source 

It was only in the 1990s that technology was developed to replace manual
methods; thanks to Turk and Pentland. Popularly called the Eigenface
approach, images were now analyzed and converted into a low-dimensional
version with basic features, that was then used to match with new
images. This led to the earliest instances of automatic Facial Recognition as we
know it today.
 
As good wine gets better with age, Facial Recognition Technology too improved
with time. Let’s learn how well it works today.
 


HOW DOES FACIAL RECOGNITION TECHNOLOGY WORK?


New technology can be daunting, don’t worry, we believe we have done a pretty
good job at explaining it. First things first, Facial
Recognition Technology follows four standard steps to make a match between your
latest picture and one from a database.
 
First, a picture of your face is captured on camera, could be a CCTV
(Closed-circuit Television) or the selfie camera of your mobile phone. More
often than not, it is taken as a front or nearly front profile to ensure an
accurate match. Secondly, Facial Recognition software reads your face and
records certain predefined markers on it. By the way, the initial count of 21
markers has now gone up to 68. So, these 68 key features or points on your face
are recorded and together they make your facial signature (it’s as unique as
your fingerprint!).
 
Now, if you’re thinking that your facial signature is an image, you’re mistaken.
In fact, based on the 68 coordinates recorded on your face, the software
develops a unique mathematical formula–that’s your facial signature. As the
third step, this facial signature is compared with a database of known
faces could be the National Criminal Database or even employee access database.
At last, a determinate is made to an image that has the same signature or the
closest signature to the one recorded.
 


While these basic steps remain consistent, the techniques for Facial Recognition
may vary. Let’s learn about them.



VARIOUS TECHNIQUES EMPLOYED BY FACIAL RECOGNITION TECHNOLOGY


So far, there are four common techniques:
 


 * Traditional: The process explained above is the traditional facial signature
   method.

 * Human Identification at a Distance (HID): Low-resolution images are first
   turned into high-resolution representations and then the facial signature is
   built on them.

 * 3-Dimensional Recognition: Facial signature is built by capturing 3D
   coordinates of the face.

 * Thermal Cameras: Uses special cameras that capture features sans all
   accessories (like glasses and makeup).


Sounds like too much of a hassle, right? Why would any business or organization
really invest in such a technology?
 


BENEFITS OF FACIAL RECOGNITION TECHNOLOGY

 
Some of you may be thinking, aren’t biometric systems enough to precisely
identify an individual? Why do we need Facial Recognition Tech anyway? Well,
here’s why -

One of the significant advantages of Facial Recognition is that it offers an
automatic and seamless verification experience. You don't need to swipe a card
or place your thumb on a biometric pad. It is as simple as clicking a selfie.
 
Another added benefit is that it integrates flawlessly with most devices as
there's no specific hardware requirement- a webcam is all you need and there's
hardly a smartphone or laptop out there without one. This also means Facial
Recognition costs less than biometric set-ups.
 
Furthermore, biometric security has limitations- if your finger is wet or you're
wearing gloves, biometric technology will fail to identify you. An individual
needs to physically connect with their devices to unlock them through
fingerprint tech. Facial Recognition, on the other hand, has a reasonable
detection rate even if the individual is standing at a distance. Hence, it finds
diverse applications in recognizing individuals in a crowd.
 
Well, let's see what these applications are.
 


APPLICATIONS OF FACIAL RECOGNITION TECHNOLOGY

 
Source

So far we’ve talked about several common applications of Facial Recognition like
the Apple FaceID and security software. However, here are few large-scale yet
lesser-known applications of Facial Recognition.
 

 * Security and ID verification at organizations, national
   agencies and high-security events like the Commonwealth Games and
   Olympics. (yes, we all know this one!)

 * Immigration checkpoints at airports to identify known criminals and persons
   of interest who are trying to cross borders illegally.

 * Casinos regularly use it to identify cheaters and
   card-counters who are a cause for trouble.

 * Ride-sharing companies use it to ensure that the drivers are not sleepy and
   are in a condition to drive.

 * Facial Recognition has replaced peepholes at homes to only grant access to
   known people  for better security.

 * Law-enforcement agencies to identify criminals using their records in the
   national database. (You’re more likely to capture footage from a street
   camera than get a criminal’s fingerprint, right?)

 * Diseases are diagnosed faster with Facial Recognition as the technology
   records detectable changes in appearances and maps them to their possible
   causes.


Is that all? Not really. Taylor Swift once used this tech at her concert to
identify known stalkers. We’re not kidding, this may soon become the norm. Take
notes, celebs! For the rest, here’s what we can expect in the future.



THE FUTURE OF FACIAL RECOGNITION

 
We can expect Facial Recognition to expand into more markets and industries in
the future. For example, schools and workplaces could use the technology to take
automated attendance. Additionally, we’re seeing the development of emotion
recognition features using Facial Recognition. In fact, Listerine has developed
an app that tells blind people when someone around them is smiling using
vibrations, helping them better understand their social surroundings.
 
We can also expect more accurate recognition, even with a low resolution and
non-frontal profile image, thanks to Artificial Intelligence and Deep Learning
(these are fancy technologies that help automate processes and make intelligent
tools). Needless to say, this tech is full of surprises and will largely
influence the security landscape.
 
Like what you read? Head to the TechDogs homepage to find the latest tech
content infused with drama and entertainment. We've got Articles, White
Papers, Case Studies, Reports, Videos and Events - the complete lot to help you
Know Your World of Technology.
Read It Here


TAGS:

Facial Recognition Technology Facial Recognition History And Evolution Of Facial
Recognition Technology Benefits Of Facial Recognition Technology Facial
Recognition Technology Definition Future Of Facial Recognition Technology Human
Identification At A Distance (HID)

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