blog.minerva-labs.com Open in urlscan Pro
2606:2c40::c73c:67e2  Public Scan

URL: https://blog.minerva-labs.com/new-black-basta-ransomware-hijacks-windows-fax-service
Submission: On May 31 via api from US — Scanned from DE

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NEW BLACK BASTA RANSOMWARE HIJACKS WINDOWS FAX SERVICE

May 02, 2022 | Natalie Zargarov
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The Black Basta ransomware was first observed in mid-April 2022, but had already
caused substantial damage to over ten organizations. This new ransomware became
more public after leaking data of the American Dental Association, from which
the Black Basta gang was able to exfiltrate 2.9 GB of data. 

Black Basta ransomware must be executed with Administrator privileges, otherwise
this ransomware is harmless. 

This means that the threat actor needs to remain undetected inside the
organization’s network for quite some time in order to gain privilege access or
use stolen credentials (there are a number of darknet websites who offer a large
amount of these for sale).  

Black Basta begins by checking if any parameters were passed. The only parameter
that this ransomware accepts is “-forcepath”, which we assume that if passed,
will encrypt files in the specific path only. However, in dynamic analysis
selecting a specific path, no differences in encryption routine were observed.
Next, the ransomware deletes shadow copies by executing
“C:\Windows\SysNative\vssadmin.exe delete shadows /all /quiet” command. 

Black basta drops two files: dlaksjdoiwq.jpg and fkdjsadasd.ico in the user Temp
folder. dlaksjdoiwq.jpg is a desktop wallpaper, pointing to read a ransom note,
that is set by the ransomware using the SystemParametersInfoW API call: 

Figure 1 - Set Desktop Wallpaper

Figure 2 - New Wallpaper

Next, the ransomware assigns a second dropped file (fkdjsadasd.ico) as a custom
icon to all files with “.basta” extension. The icon is assigned by creating and
setting a new registry key “HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\.basta\DefaultIcon” 

 

Figure 3 - Assigning custom icon 

Now come the interesting part - the persistence mechanism of the Black Basta
ransomware is implemented by “stealing” an existing service name, deleting the
service, and then creating a new service with the same(“stolen”) name. In our
sample, the legitimate service whose name was stolen is “FAX”: 

 

Figure 4 - "New" Service 

Before the encryption routine begins, the ransomware checks the system boot
configuration by using the  GetSystemMetrics API call. It then adds
“HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\SafeBoot\Network\Fax” to
enable a FAX service to run in safe mode: 

 

Figure 5 - Safe Boot Configuration 

After all configurations are set, the ransomware reboots the pc in safe mode
with networking by executing the ” bcdedit /set safeboot network” command: 

 

Figure 6 - Reboot in safe mode 

Due to the reboot mode change performed by the ransomware earlier, the PC will
reboot in safe mode with the ‘Fax’ service running. This service will then
execute the ransomware again, but this time for the purpose of encryption. As
most ransomwares these days, Black Basta first enumerates volumes and puts a
readme.txt file, a surprisingly short ransom note (maybe because the initial
presentation is done in the desktop wallpaper) containing a data publication
threat, TOR website address of the gang, and a company ID.  This note is written
to every folder as a part of the encryption routine. 

 

Figure 7 - Ransom Note 

 The encryption process runs in several threads simultaneously to speed up the
encryption, despite high CPU usage: 

 

Figure 8 - 92.83% CPU usage 

When the encryption is finished, the ransomware reboots the pc in normal mode. 

It would seems that every sample is created for a specific company, as a company
id is hardcoded into the ransom note as well as a public key. Recent Victims of
this ransomware include Deutsche Windtechnik and the American Dental
Association.

 

This article focuses only on the final stages of the Black Basta ransomware,
that occurs only after the attacker has achieved initial access and has managed
to perform substantial lateral movement within the network. Minerva’s
Anti-Ransomware solution recognizes attempts to bypass security measures in
order to remain undetected, and uses these very methods to prevent them from
ever starting the attack. 

 

Resources: 

 * https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/american-dental-association-hit-by-new-black-basta-ransomware/ 

 

IOC’s: 

 * 5d2204f3a20e163120f52a2e3595db19890050b2faa96c6cba6b094b0a52b0aa – The Black
   Basta ransomware 
 * A70F03BEB3A8246595EAB83935227914 - dlaksjdoiwq.jpg – desktop wallpaper 
 * eb07a24f63d7f56fb13e34dd60e45a4c8522c32892c8be7dca7d3f742fa86b0a -
   fkdjsadasd.ico - .basta custom icon 

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