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New Results Follow this preprint
FUNCTIONAL AND MULTI-OMIC AGING REJUVENATION WITH GLP-1R AGONISM
Junzhe Huang, View ORCID ProfileAndrew J. Kwok, Jason Chak Yan Li, Clement Lek
Hin Chiu, Bonaventure Y. Ip, Lok Yi Tung, Xianyi Zheng, Hoi Tung Chow, Michelle
P. S. Lo, View ORCID ProfileZhongqi Li, Roy C. H. Chan, Nenghan Lin, Ziyu Wang,
Manyu Wang, Leo Y. C. Yan, Danny C. W. Chan, View ORCID ProfileWilliam K. K. Wu,
View ORCID ProfileKim Hei-Man Chow, Wei-Jye Lin, Yamei Tang, View ORCID
ProfileBilly Wai-Lung Ng, View ORCID ProfileSunny H. Wong, View ORCID
ProfileThomas W. Leung, Vincent C. T. Mok, View ORCID ProfileHo Ko
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.05.06.592653
This article is a preprint and has not been certified by peer review [what does
this mean?].
Junzhe Huang
1Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
2Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
3Margaret K.L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, Faculty of
Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong
Kong SAR, China
4Lau Tat-chuen Research Centre of Brain Degenerative Diseases in Chinese,
Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New
Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
5Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong,
Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
* Find this author on Google Scholar
* Find this author on PubMed
* Search for this author on this site
* For correspondence: junzhe.huang@link.cuhk.edu.hk vctmok@cuhk.edu.hk
ho.ko@cuhk.edu.hk
Andrew J. Kwok
1Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
2Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
3Margaret K.L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, Faculty of
Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong
Kong SAR, China
4Lau Tat-chuen Research Centre of Brain Degenerative Diseases in Chinese,
Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New
Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
5Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong,
Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
* Find this author on Google Scholar
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* ORCID record for Andrew J. Kwok
Jason Chak Yan Li
1Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
2Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
3Margaret K.L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, Faculty of
Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong
Kong SAR, China
4Lau Tat-chuen Research Centre of Brain Degenerative Diseases in Chinese,
Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New
Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
5Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong,
Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Clement Lek Hin Chiu
1Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
2Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
3Margaret K.L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, Faculty of
Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong
Kong SAR, China
4Lau Tat-chuen Research Centre of Brain Degenerative Diseases in Chinese,
Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New
Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
5Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong,
Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Bonaventure Y. Ip
1Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
2Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
3Margaret K.L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, Faculty of
Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong
Kong SAR, China
4Lau Tat-chuen Research Centre of Brain Degenerative Diseases in Chinese,
Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New
Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
5Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong,
Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
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* Search for this author on this site
Lok Yi Tung
1Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
2Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
3Margaret K.L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, Faculty of
Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong
Kong SAR, China
4Lau Tat-chuen Research Centre of Brain Degenerative Diseases in Chinese,
Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New
Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
5Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong,
Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
* Find this author on Google Scholar
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Xianyi Zheng
1Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
2Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
3Margaret K.L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, Faculty of
Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong
Kong SAR, China
4Lau Tat-chuen Research Centre of Brain Degenerative Diseases in Chinese,
Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New
Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
5Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong,
Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
* Find this author on Google Scholar
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* Search for this author on this site
Hoi Tung Chow
1Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
2Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
3Margaret K.L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, Faculty of
Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong
Kong SAR, China
4Lau Tat-chuen Research Centre of Brain Degenerative Diseases in Chinese,
Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New
Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
5Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong,
Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
* Find this author on Google Scholar
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* Search for this author on this site
Michelle P. S. Lo
1Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
2Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
3Margaret K.L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, Faculty of
Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong
Kong SAR, China
4Lau Tat-chuen Research Centre of Brain Degenerative Diseases in Chinese,
Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New
Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
5Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong,
Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
* Find this author on Google Scholar
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* Search for this author on this site
Zhongqi Li
1Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
2Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
3Margaret K.L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, Faculty of
Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong
Kong SAR, China
4Lau Tat-chuen Research Centre of Brain Degenerative Diseases in Chinese,
Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New
Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
5Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong,
Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
6Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong
Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong
Province, China
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* ORCID record for Zhongqi Li
Roy C. H. Chan
1Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
2Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
3Margaret K.L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, Faculty of
Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong
Kong SAR, China
4Lau Tat-chuen Research Centre of Brain Degenerative Diseases in Chinese,
Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New
Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
5Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong,
Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Nenghan Lin
1Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
2Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
3Margaret K.L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, Faculty of
Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong
Kong SAR, China
4Lau Tat-chuen Research Centre of Brain Degenerative Diseases in Chinese,
Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New
Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
5Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong,
Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Ziyu Wang
1Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
2Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
3Margaret K.L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, Faculty of
Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong
Kong SAR, China
4Lau Tat-chuen Research Centre of Brain Degenerative Diseases in Chinese,
Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New
Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
5Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong,
Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Manyu Wang
1Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
2Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
3Margaret K.L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, Faculty of
Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong
Kong SAR, China
4Lau Tat-chuen Research Centre of Brain Degenerative Diseases in Chinese,
Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New
Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
5Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong,
Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Leo Y. C. Yan
1Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
2Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
3Margaret K.L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, Faculty of
Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong
Kong SAR, China
4Lau Tat-chuen Research Centre of Brain Degenerative Diseases in Chinese,
Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New
Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
5Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong,
Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Danny C. W. Chan
1Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
2Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
3Margaret K.L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, Faculty of
Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong
Kong SAR, China
4Lau Tat-chuen Research Centre of Brain Degenerative Diseases in Chinese,
Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New
Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
5Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong,
Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
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William K. K. Wu
7Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
8Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University
of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
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* ORCID record for William K. K. Wu
Kim Hei-Man Chow
5Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong,
Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
9School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong
Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
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* ORCID record for Kim Hei-Man Chow
Wei-Jye Lin
10Department of Neurology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant
Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen
Memorial Hospital
11Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan
School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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Yamei Tang
10Department of Neurology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant
Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen
Memorial Hospital
11Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan
School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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Billy Wai-Lung Ng
2Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
8Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University
of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
12School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong,
Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
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* ORCID record for Billy Wai-Lung Ng
Sunny H. Wong
1Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
13Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang
Avenue, Singapore
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* ORCID record for Sunny H. Wong
Thomas W. Leung
1Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
2Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
5Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong,
Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
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* ORCID record for Thomas W. Leung
Vincent C. T. Mok
1Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
2Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
3Margaret K.L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, Faculty of
Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong
Kong SAR, China
4Lau Tat-chuen Research Centre of Brain Degenerative Diseases in Chinese,
Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New
Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
5Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong,
Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
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* For correspondence: junzhe.huang@link.cuhk.edu.hk vctmok@cuhk.edu.hk
ho.ko@cuhk.edu.hk
Ho Ko
1Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
2Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese
University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
3Margaret K.L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, Faculty of
Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong
Kong SAR, China
4Lau Tat-chuen Research Centre of Brain Degenerative Diseases in Chinese,
Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New
Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
5Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong,
Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
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* ORCID record for Ho Ko
* For correspondence: junzhe.huang@link.cuhk.edu.hk vctmok@cuhk.edu.hk
ho.ko@cuhk.edu.hk
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ABSTRACT
Identifying readily implementable methods that can effectively counteract aging
is urgently needed for tackling age-related degenerative disorders. Here, we
conducted functional assessments and deep molecular phenotyping in the aging
mouse to demonstrate that glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA)
treatment attenuates body-wide age-related changes. Apart from improvements in
physical and cognitive performance, the age-counteracting effects are
prominently evident at multiple omic levels. These span the transcriptomes and
DNA methylomes of various tissues, organs and circulating white blood cells, as
well as the plasma metabolome. Importantly, the beneficial effects are specific
to aged mice, not young adults, and are achieved with a low dosage of GLP-1RA
which has a negligible impact on food consumption and body weight. The molecular
rejuvenation effects exhibit organ-specific characteristics, which are generally
heavily dependent on hypothalamic GLP-1R. We benchmarked the GLP-1RA
age-counteracting effects against those of mTOR inhibition, a well-established
anti-aging intervention, observing a strong resemblance across the two
strategies. Our findings have broad implications for understanding the
mechanistic basis of the clinically observed pleiotropic effects of GLP-1RAs,
the design of intervention trials for age-related diseases, and the development
of anti-aging-based therapeutics.
COMPETING INTEREST STATEMENT
CUHK filed a patent application in part based on results reported in this study,
with J.H., AJ.K., J.L., C.C., and H.K. listed as inventors. All other authors
declare no competing interests.
Copyright
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted
bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available
under a CC-BY-ND 4.0 International license.
bioRxiv and medRxiv thank the following for their generous financial support:
> The Chan Zuckerberg Initiative, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, the Sergey Brin
> Family Foundation, California Institute of Technology, Centre National de la
> Recherche Scientifique, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Imperial College
> London, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Stanford University, University
> of Washington, and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam.
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Posted May 08, 2024.
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Functional and multi-omic aging rejuvenation with GLP-1R agonism
Junzhe Huang, Andrew J. Kwok, Jason Chak Yan Li, Clement Lek Hin Chiu,
Bonaventure Y. Ip, Lok Yi Tung, Xianyi Zheng, Hoi Tung Chow, Michelle P. S. Lo,
Zhongqi Li, Roy C. H. Chan, Nenghan Lin, Ziyu Wang, Manyu Wang, Leo Y. C. Yan,
Danny C. W. Chan, William K. K. Wu, Kim Hei-Man Chow, Wei-Jye Lin, Yamei Tang,
Billy Wai-Lung Ng, Sunny H. Wong, Thomas W. Leung, Vincent C. T. Mok, Ho Ko
bioRxiv 2024.05.06.592653; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.05.06.592653
This article is a preprint and has not been certified by peer review [what does
this mean?].
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AI-GENERATED SUMMARY FROM SCIENCECAST
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Discovering interventions to counteract the aging process is key to addressing
age-related diseases. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have
shown promise in treating age-related disorders. This study aimed to investigate
whether GLP-1RA treatment can reverse aging effects in mice at molecular and
functional levels. The investigation involved long-term treatment and
assessments of muscle strength, cognitive abilities, and molecular analyses
across various tissues in aged mice. The findings revealed that treated aged
mice demonstrated significant improvements in muscle strength and cognitive
performance. Follow-up experiments included multi-omic analyses on tissue and
organ samples. These analyses revealed that GLP-1RA treatment broadly reversed
age-related changes in the transcriptome, methylome, and plasma metabolome,
indicating rejuvenation effects. In conclusion, this study concluded that
GLP-1RA has potent rejuvenating effects, impacting physical function and
molecular profiles associated with aging. These findings have implications for
the potential use of GLP-1RA as an anti-aging intervention with applications for
age-related conditions.
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Citation Toolsclose
Functional and multi-omic aging rejuvenation with GLP-1R agonism
Junzhe Huang, Andrew J. Kwok, Jason Chak Yan Li, Clement Lek Hin Chiu,
Bonaventure Y. Ip, Lok Yi Tung, Xianyi Zheng, Hoi Tung Chow, Michelle P. S. Lo,
Zhongqi Li, Roy C. H. Chan, Nenghan Lin, Ziyu Wang, Manyu Wang, Leo Y. C. Yan,
Danny C. W. Chan, William K. K. Wu, Kim Hei-Man Chow, Wei-Jye Lin, Yamei Tang,
Billy Wai-Lung Ng, Sunny H. Wong, Thomas W. Leung, Vincent C. T. Mok, Ho Ko
bioRxiv 2024.05.06.592653; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.05.06.592653
This article is a preprint and has not been certified by peer review [what does
this mean?].
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