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2021 Aerospace and Defense (A&D) Workforce Study:
Realizing the workforce of tomorrow

Survey and data
We conducted a survey during July 1–30, 2021, of AIA and AIAA corporate members
with a significant US-based workforce. Click here to view and filter the results
gathered from the survey.
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About us
Click here to learn more about Ernst & Young LLP, AIA and AIAA.
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Documentation
Click here to view or download the survey analysis white paper, a one-page
infographic and the executive summary.
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For over 100 years, the American aerospace and defense industry has shaped the
world around us in countless ways with immeasurable impact. Today we are
critical to the health of the US economy – and a seamless fundamental part of
daily life. So it's more vital than ever that the industry has a strong voice
speaking on its behalf. The Aerospace Industries Association (AIA) has been that
voice since 1919. Our work as an advocate and convener is essential to shaping
policy, shedding light on the industry's impact and empowering its future.
Together we advocate for effective federal investments; accelerated deployment
of innovative technologies; policies that enhance our global competitiveness;
and recruitment and retention efforts that support a capable and diverse
21st-century workforce. Join us at https://www.aia-aerospace.org/

EY exists to build a better working world, helping to create long-term value for
clients, people and society and build trust in the capital markets. Enabled by
data and technology, diverse EY teams in over 150 countries provide trust
through assurance and help clients grow, transform and operate. Working across
assurance, consulting, law, strategy, tax and transactions, EY teams ask better
questions to find new answers for the complex issues facing our world today.

EY refers to the global organization, and may refer to one or more, of the
member firms of Ernst & Young Global Limited, each of which is a separate legal
entity. Ernst & Young Global Limited, a UK company limited by guarantee, does
not provide services to clients. Information about how EY collects and uses
personal data and a description of the rights individuals have under data
protection legislation are available via ey.com/privacy. EY member firms do not
practice law where prohibited by local laws. For more information about our
organization, please visit ey.com.

Within Ernst & Young LLP's Consulting and Tax practices, People Advisory
Services professionals help A&D organizations harness their people agenda as
part of an integrated business strategy. In the face of the disruptive forces
changing the working world, A&D organizations need to become much more adaptable
to rapid change – and they need their people to be flexible and agile to match,
at a time when it's getting harder to source, manage, motivate and retain talent
while controlling costs. PAS can help A&D companies translate this into
competitive advantage by helping them get the right people, with the right
capabilities, in the right place, for the right cost, doing the right things.
For more information, visit ey.com.

Since 1963, members from the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics
(AIAA) have achieved virtually every milestone in modern American flight. AIAA
carries forth a proud tradition of more than 90 years of aerospace leadership.
With nearly 30,000 individual members from 91 countries, and 100 corporate
members, AIAA is the world's largest technical society dedicated to the global
aerospace profession – to ignite and celebrate aerospace ingenuity and
collaboration and its importance to our way of life. AIAA's vision is to be the
voice of the aerospace profession through innovation, technical excellence and
global leadership. AIAA members are continually shaping the future of aerospace
through their creativity, ingenuity, and passion. For more information, visit
www.aiaa.org.

About us

The Aerospace Industries Association (AIA) and the American Institute of
Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) have collaborated with Ernst & Young LLP (EY
US) to conduct their 2021 Workforce Study. Click on each organization's logo
above to learn more.

Survey and data

We surveyed A&D organizations, utilizing 39 questions to examine five key focus
areas: A&D workforce demographic trends; diversity, equity and inclusiveness
(DE&I); reframing the future of work in the wake of COVID-19; winning the war
for talent: how A&D companies are building a differentiated employee value
proposition (EVP); and the employee and talent outlook.

Survey respondents represent a total global headcount of over 950,000 employees
and a US headcount of over 788,000 employees across participating organizations.

We also surveyed six key universities to learn more about the next generation of
workers. The 29-question university survey was structured to focus on the future
of A&D and what engineering students want from the industry; the student
perspective about the industry employee value proposition; their academic
priorities; and the current profile of student populations. The results will be
posted in the near future.

To view results from the company survey, click on the graphics below, which are
organized by five categories that can be filtered by company headcount, global
revenue and A&D subsector (commercial, defense, services, and space).

Survey questions, data and analysis

US A&D WORKFORCE DEMOGRAPHICS

Click on each graphic to learn more:

80
US A&D employees represented by the survey
80
%
Of total employees are women
80
%
Of total executives are women
80
%
Of total employees are minorities
80
%
Of total executives are minorities
80
%
Of total employees are veterans





GLOBAL A&D WORKFORCE DEMOGRAPHICS

Click on each graphic below to learn more:

80
Global A&D employees represented by the survey
80
%
Of total employees hold security clearances
80
%
Of total employees retired in 2020
80
%
Of total employees voluntarily left in 2020

DIVERSITY, EQUITY, AND INCLUSION (DE&I)

Recent events and resulting social justice movements have triggered greater
discussion and reflection across individuals, communities and organizations.
Effective DE&I policies are a way to better engage these groups by increasing
innovation, promoting healthy conflict and ultimately driving business results.
We set out to understand how A&D organizations have responded to this renewed
focus and where A&D organizations have made progress regarding DE&I. Click on
each graphic below to learn more:

64% of organizations aim to increase minority representation by recruiting from
different universities

73% of companies have incorporated DE&I into their mission, vision and/or values

There are many ways to promote DE&I; see what efforts are most common

DE&I is a priority and companies are investing in a variety of initiatives to
prove it

As the need for DE&I efforts grow, companies should consider how often they
measure metrics, which is important to having an impact

72% of companies compare leadership representation to overall representation
across the rest of the company











REFRAMING THE FUTURE OF WORK IN THE WAKE OF COVID-19

A&D was classified as an essential industry at the start of the pandemic, and
much of its workforce continued in-person work at job sites. As a result, A&D
companies tested and – in many cases – proved new ways of working from this
disruption. We sought to understand how the industry is responding to COVID-19
and identify insights to improve how the industry works going forward. Click on
each graphic to learn more:

Remote work was prevalent at the height of COVID-19; however, it isn't always
feasible for the entire workforce

Companies have several approaches to determining when and where employees are
required to work

Flexibility is now a workforce imperative; see what actions other companies have
taken











WINNING THE WAR FOR TALENT: HOW A&D COMPANIES ARE BUILDING A DIFFERENTIATED
EMPLOYEE VALUE PROPOSITION (EVP)

The talent shortage is more intense than ever. As a result, the recruitment and
retention of talent draws unprecedented competition, and companies must
differentiate to succeed. We set out to determine how A&D organizations can
continue to strengthen their EVPs to provide a unique and impactful employee
experiences to attract and retain top talent. Click on each graphic to learn
more:

Learning is critical to the workforce; see the modalities the industry is using
to deliver learning

Reskilling is a key topic across the industry; see where the investments are
being made

Employee engagement is tied to productivity and retention, with some strategies
having a larger impact than others

Culture has been particularly challenged due to the pandemic; see how employers
view changes within their company culture

Employees care about their benefits; companies are offering a variety of
benefits across the industry











EMPLOYEE AND TALENT OUTLOOK

The industry outlook is dependent on A&D organizations' ability to maintain and
foster strong talent pipelines. We wanted to understand the tenure of A&D
workforces as well as determine how organizations are tapping into university
talent. We also wanted to identify what is working well and where there is room
for improvement. Click on each graphic to learn more:

The majority of the workforce has less than 10 years of tenure; see how
workforce tenure is currently distributed

46% of the global workforce is 46 or older; see how the workforce is distributed
across age groups

Experienced hiring represents the vast majority of hires in 2020 across the
industry

Recruiting is a key effort for companies; as a part of this, companies are
getting more involved at schools in a variety of ways

Currently, engineering is highly valued across the industry; however, there are
a number of other key skillsets that are also critical to the workforce

Looking to the next generation of the workforce, see what competencies and
certifications companies across the industry value most

Workforce planning is critical to having a workforce that is fully capable of
supporting the business; see how far companies are planning into the future











UNIVERSITY INSIGHTS

Further details coming soon.


Diversity, equity, and inclusion (DE&I) improvement

Filter the data by:
Sector
Global Revenue
Global Headcount

Return to unfiltered data
Documentation

Please click the document below that you would like to download:

Executive summary - 2021

White paper summary of findings

2021 infographic

Contact us
Paul Feeko
Partner, US Aerospace and Defense
Sector Leader
Ernst & Young LLP
paul.feeko@ey.com
Steve Fuller
Partner, People Advisory Services
Ernst & Young LLP
steve.fuller@ey.com

OTHER CONTRIBUTORS

 * Arielle Barr
 * Christy Causey
 * Donnie Kavanagh
 * Harneet Kaur
 * Jeff Peoples
 * Joseph Luong
 * Justin Malmfeldt
 * Kevin Young
 * Krissan Brion
 * Kristyn Green
 * Maura Ellsworth
 * Mayode Aboderin
 * Reshmi Dasgupta
 * Soraya Sotudeh
 * Theresa Crout
 * Zay Husbands

FIND US ON SOCIAL MEDIA