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amphibians to enable research, education, and conservation



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Image of the Week
Eleutherodactylus coqui | Coqui | Photo by Chris Brown cwbrown@usgs.gov


AMPHIBIAN NEWS

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Various frog species have long been used as cell and developmental biology model
systems, which makes understanding their genome of particular importance. The
first amphibian genome was sequenced in 2010 (Hellsten et al 2010) and the
second in 2015 (Sun et al 2015). More recently, Bredeson et al. (2024) reported
a high-quality genome assembly for Xenopus tropicalis, which serves as a model
for comparative genomics of frogs. Based on short DNA sequencing reads and
chromosome conformation capture data, the authors also were able to generated
chromosome-scale genome maps for several frog species, notably Eleutherodactylus
coqui, Engystomops pustulosus, and Hymenochirus boettgeri. Within chromosomes,
they found that the arrangement of genes was conserved across related frog
species (i.e., synteny). By comparing gene arrangements across different frog
species and performing phylogenetic analysis of interchromosomal rearrangements,
they inferred the ancestral genome organization and speed of evolution. And by
mapping the 3D genome organization using chromosome conformation capture, the
authors were able to rationalize how spatial variation in recombination rates
varies across genomes. Given the conservation and stability of the X. tropicalis
genome organization, this high-quality genome assembly will help researchers
understand genomic variation within anurans, which is crucial for deciphering
the molecular basis of development, disease, tissue regeneration, among other
non-molecular research questions in this vertebrate model system. (Written by
Scott Hansen)

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CURRENT NUMBER OF AMPHIBIAN SPECIES IN OUR DATABASE

As of (Mar 25, 2024)


8,736

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TOTAL AMPHIBIAN SPECIES BY ORDER

222 Caecilians 816 Salamanders 7,698 Frogs


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AmphibiaWeb is an ongoing collaboration between researchers, citizen scientists,
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Header photo:
Bumpy Glass Frog (Centrolene heloderma)
by Anton Sorokin
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