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BRONGERSMA GROUP PLASMONICS AND PHOTONICS AT STANFORD UNIVERSITY

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 * 
 * 2021 Jun Main Quad
 * Metasurface optofluidics for dynamic control of light fields - Nature
   Nanotechnology (2022)
 * Non-local metasurfaces for spectrally decoupled wavefront manipulation and
   eye tracking - Nature Nanotechnology (2021)
 * Electrical tuning of phase-change antennas and metasurfaces - Nature
   Nanotechnology 16, 667–672 (2021)
 * Exciton resonance tuning of an atomically thin lens - Nature Photonics 14 ,
   426-430 (2020)
 * Metasurface-driven OLED displays beyond 10,000 pixels per inch - Science 370,
   6515 (2020)
 * Purcell effect for active tuning of light scattering from semiconductor
   optical antennas - Science 358, 6369 (2017)
 * 2017 Sep Coupa
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 * 2021 Jun Main Quad

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Most recent publications

Nayeun Lee; Muyu Xue; Jiho Hong; Jorik van de Groep; Mark L Brongersma

Multi‐resonant Mie Resonator Arrays for Broadband Light Trapping in Ultrathin
c‐Si Solar Cells Journal Article

In: Advanced Materials, pp. 2210941, 2023.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

@article{lee2023multi,

title = {Multi‐resonant Mie Resonator Arrays for Broadband Light Trapping in Ultrathin c‐Si Solar Cells},

author = {Nayeun Lee and Muyu Xue and Jiho Hong and Jorik van de Groep and Mark L Brongersma},

doi = {10.1002/adma.202210941},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-05-02},

urldate = {2023-05-02},

journal = {Advanced Materials},

pages = {2210941},

abstract = {Effective photon management is critical to realize high power conversion efficiencies for thin crystalline Si (c-Si) solar cells. Standard few-100-µm-thick bulk cells achieve light trapping with macroscopic surface textures covered by thin, continuous antireflection coatings. Such sizeable textures are challenging to implement on ultrathin cells. Here, we illustrate how nanoscale Mie-resonator-arrays with a bi-modal size distribution support multiple resonances that can work in concert to achieve simultaneous antireflection and light-trapping across the broad solar spectrum. We experimentally demonstrate the effectiveness of these light-trapping antireflection coatings (LARCs) on a 2.8-µm-thick c-Si solar cell. The measured short-circuit current and corresponding power conversion efficiency are notably improved, achieving efficiencies as high as 11.2%. Measurements of the saturation current density on completed cells indicate that thermal oxides can effectively limit surface recombination. The presented design principles are applicable to a wide range of solar cells.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}



Close

Effective photon management is critical to realize high power conversion
efficiencies for thin crystalline Si (c-Si) solar cells. Standard
few-100-µm-thick bulk cells achieve light trapping with macroscopic surface
textures covered by thin, continuous antireflection coatings. Such sizeable
textures are challenging to implement on ultrathin cells. Here, we illustrate
how nanoscale Mie-resonator-arrays with a bi-modal size distribution support
multiple resonances that can work in concert to achieve simultaneous
antireflection and light-trapping across the broad solar spectrum. We
experimentally demonstrate the effectiveness of these light-trapping
antireflection coatings (LARCs) on a 2.8-µm-thick c-Si solar cell. The measured
short-circuit current and corresponding power conversion efficiency are notably
improved, achieving efficiencies as high as 11.2%. Measurements of the
saturation current density on completed cells indicate that thermal oxides can
effectively limit surface recombination. The presented design principles are
applicable to a wide range of solar cells.

Close

 * doi:10.1002/adma.202210941

Close

Irina Zubritskaya; Rafael Cichelero; Ihar Faniayeu; Daniele Martella; Sara
Nocentini; Per Rudquist; Diederik Sybolt Wiersma; Mark L. Brongersma

Dynamically Tunable Optical Cavities with Embedded Nematic Liquid Crystalline
Networks Journal Article

In: Advanced Materials, pp. 2209152, 2023.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

@article{Zubritskaya2023,

title = {Dynamically Tunable Optical Cavities with Embedded Nematic Liquid Crystalline Networks},

author = {Irina Zubritskaya and Rafael Cichelero and Ihar Faniayeu and Daniele Martella and Sara Nocentini and Per Rudquist and Diederik Sybolt Wiersma and Mark L. Brongersma},

doi = {10.1002/adma.202209152},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-22},

urldate = {2023-01-22},

journal = {Advanced Materials},

pages = {2209152},

abstract = {Abstract Tunable metal\textendashinsulator\textendashmetal (MIM) Fabry\textendashP\'{e}rot (FP) cavities that can dynamically control light enable novel sensing, imaging and display applications. However, the realization of dynamic cavities incorporating stimuli-responsive materials poses a significant engineering challenge. Current approaches rely on refractive index modulation and suffer from low dynamic tunability, high losses, and limited spectral ranges, and require liquid and hazardous materials for operation. To overcome these challenges, a new tuning mechanism employing reversible mechanical adaptations of a polymer network is proposed, and dynamic tuning of optical resonances is demonstrated. Solid-state temperature-responsive optical coatings are developed by preparing a monodomain nematic liquid crystalline network (LCN) and are incorporated between metallic mirrors to form active optical microcavities. LCN microcavities offer large, reversible and highly linear spectral tuning of FP resonances reaching wavelength-shifts up to 40 nm via thermomechanical actuation while featuring outstanding repeatability and precision over more than 100 heating\textendashcooling cycles. This degree of tunability allows for reversible switching between the reflective and the absorbing states of the device over the entire visible and near-infrared spectral regions, reaching large changes in reflectance with modulation efficiency ΔR = 79%.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}



Close

Abstract Tunable metal–insulator–metal (MIM) Fabry–Pérot (FP) cavities that can
dynamically control light enable novel sensing, imaging and display
applications. However, the realization of dynamic cavities incorporating
stimuli-responsive materials poses a significant engineering challenge. Current
approaches rely on refractive index modulation and suffer from low dynamic
tunability, high losses, and limited spectral ranges, and require liquid and
hazardous materials for operation. To overcome these challenges, a new tuning
mechanism employing reversible mechanical adaptations of a polymer network is
proposed, and dynamic tuning of optical resonances is demonstrated. Solid-state
temperature-responsive optical coatings are developed by preparing a monodomain
nematic liquid crystalline network (LCN) and are incorporated between metallic
mirrors to form active optical microcavities. LCN microcavities offer large,
reversible and highly linear spectral tuning of FP resonances reaching
wavelength-shifts up to 40 nm via thermomechanical actuation while featuring
outstanding repeatability and precision over more than 100 heating–cooling
cycles. This degree of tunability allows for reversible switching between the
reflective and the absorbing states of the device over the entire visible and
near-infrared spectral regions, reaching large changes in reflectance with
modulation efficiency ΔR = 79%.

Close

 * doi:10.1002/adma.202209152

Close

Jiho Hong; Jorik van de Groep; Nayeun Lee; Soo Jin Kim; Philippe Lalanne; Pieter
G. Kik; Mark L. Brongersma

Nonlocal metasurface for circularly polarized light detection Journal Article

In: Optica, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 134-141, 2023.

Abstract | Links | BibTeX

@article{Hong:23,

title = {Nonlocal metasurface for circularly polarized light detection},

author = {Jiho Hong and Jorik van de Groep and Nayeun Lee and Soo Jin Kim and Philippe Lalanne and Pieter G. Kik and Mark L. Brongersma},

doi = {10.1364/OPTICA.468252},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-20},

journal = {Optica},

volume = {10},

number = {1},

pages = {134-141},

abstract = {Modern-day sensing and imaging applications increasingly rely on accurate measurements of the primary physical quantities associated with light waves: intensity, wavelength, directionality, and polarization. These are conventionally performed with a series of bulky optical elements, but recently, it has been recognized that optical resonances in nanostructures can be engineered to achieve selective photodetection of light waves with a specific set of predetermined properties. Here, we theoretically illustrate how a thin silicon layer can be patterned into a dislocated nanowire-array that affords detection of circularly polarized light with an efficiency that reaches the theoretical limit for circular dichroism of a planar detector in a symmetric external environment. The presence of a periodic arrangement of dislocations is essential in achieving such unparalleled performance as they enable selective excitation of nonlocal, guided-mode resonances for one handedness of light. We also experimentally demonstrate compact, high-performance chiral photodetectors created from these dislocated nanowire-arrays. This work highlights the critical role defects can play in enabling new nanophotonic functions and devices.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}



Close

Modern-day sensing and imaging applications increasingly rely on accurate
measurements of the primary physical quantities associated with light waves:
intensity, wavelength, directionality, and polarization. These are
conventionally performed with a series of bulky optical elements, but recently,
it has been recognized that optical resonances in nanostructures can be
engineered to achieve selective photodetection of light waves with a specific
set of predetermined properties. Here, we theoretically illustrate how a thin
silicon layer can be patterned into a dislocated nanowire-array that affords
detection of circularly polarized light with an efficiency that reaches the
theoretical limit for circular dichroism of a planar detector in a symmetric
external environment. The presence of a periodic arrangement of dislocations is
essential in achieving such unparalleled performance as they enable selective
excitation of nonlocal, guided-mode resonances for one handedness of light. We
also experimentally demonstrate compact, high-performance chiral photodetectors
created from these dislocated nanowire-arrays. This work highlights the critical
role defects can play in enabling new nanophotonic functions and devices.

Close

 * doi:10.1364/OPTICA.468252

Close

Anqi Ji; Jung-Hwan Song; Qitong Li; Fenghao Xu; Ching-Ting Tsai; Richard C
Tiberio; Bianxiao Cui; Philippe Lalanne; Pieter G Kik; David AB Miller; Mark L
Brongersma

Quantitative phase contrast imaging with a nonlocal angle-selective metasurface
Journal Article

In: Nature Communications, vol. 13, iss. 1, pp. 1-7, 2022.

Abstract | BibTeX

@article{ji2022quantitative,

title = {Quantitative phase contrast imaging with a nonlocal angle-selective metasurface},

author = {Anqi Ji and Jung-Hwan Song and Qitong Li and Fenghao Xu and Ching-Ting Tsai and Richard C Tiberio and Bianxiao Cui and Philippe Lalanne and Pieter G Kik and David AB Miller and Mark L Brongersma},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-12-21},

urldate = {2022-12-21},

journal = {Nature Communications},

volume = {13},

issue = {1},

pages = {1-7},

abstract = {Phase contrast microscopy has played a central role in the development of modern biology, geology, and nanotechnology. It can visualize the structure of translucent objects that remains hidden in regular optical microscopes. The optical layout of a phase contrast microscope is based on a 4 f image processing setup and has essentially remained unchanged since its invention by Zernike in the early 1930s. Here, we propose a conceptually new approach to phase contrast imaging that harnesses the non-local optical response of a guided-mode-resonator metasurface. We highlight its benefits and demonstrate the imaging of various phase objects, including biological cells, polymeric nanostructures, and transparent metasurfaces. Our results showcase that the addition of this non-local metasurface to a conventional microscope enables quantitative phase contrast imaging with a 0.02π phase accuracy. At a high level, this work adds to the growing body of research aimed at the use of metasurfaces for analog optical computing.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}



Close

Phase contrast microscopy has played a central role in the development of modern
biology, geology, and nanotechnology. It can visualize the structure of
translucent objects that remains hidden in regular optical microscopes. The
optical layout of a phase contrast microscope is based on a 4 f image processing
setup and has essentially remained unchanged since its invention by Zernike in
the early 1930s. Here, we propose a conceptually new approach to phase contrast
imaging that harnesses the non-local optical response of a guided-mode-resonator
metasurface. We highlight its benefits and demonstrate the imaging of various
phase objects, including biological cells, polymeric nanostructures, and
transparent metasurfaces. Our results showcase that the addition of this
non-local metasurface to a conventional microscope enables quantitative phase
contrast imaging with a 0.02π phase accuracy. At a high level, this work adds to
the growing body of research aimed at the use of metasurfaces for analog optical
computing.

Close

                          News

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 * * * * * Professor Mark Brongersma is elected as MRS fellows in 2023
         * Alex is visiting our group, welcome!
         * Ludovica is visiting our group, welcome!
         * Congratulations to Nayeun on her successful thesis defense!
         * Christopher is visiting our group, welcome!
         * Julian is visiting our group, welcome!
         * Chunghwan is visiting our group, welcome!
         * Professor Mark Brongersma is appointed an honorary doctorate at the
           University of Southern Denmark
         * Congratulations to Anqi on her successful thesis defense!
         * Johan joins our group as a PhD student, welcome!



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