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MEASLES STILL A THREAT LOCALLY AS CASES RISE GLOBALLY, CHILDREN DOCTORS SAY

Routine childhood vaccinations improving, but still not back to pre-pandemic
levels.

Credit: AP

Combined ShapeCaption
FILE - A vial of a measles, mumps and rubella vaccine is seen in Mount Vernon,
Ohio, Friday, May 17, 2019. The World Health Organization and the U.S. Centers
for Disease Control and Prevention said Thursday, Nov. 16, 2023 that measles
deaths globally spiked by more than 40% last year. The number of cases also rose
by nearly 20% after immunization levels dropped to their lowest in 15 years
during the COVID pandemic. (AP Photo/Paul Vernon, File)



Credit: AP

Local News
By Samantha Wildow
9 hours ago

X


The number of measles cases and deaths related increased worldwide in 2022 over
2021, according to the most recent data from the World Health Organization. With
the risk of global cases spilling over to the U.S., experts say there is still
more work to be done to increase routine childhood vaccinations and prevent
future outbreaks.

“The pandemic had the effect of lowering access to health care in general around
the world, and since 2022, we’ve seen a little bit of improvement, but certainly
we’re not anywhere near the pre-pandemic level that was still subpar in a lot of
areas of the world, so we still…have a lot of work to do,” said Dr. Sara
Guerrero-Duby of Dayton Children’s Pediatrics.



ExploreOhio health leaders press parents to get children vaccinated

Compared to 2021, measles cases increased by 18% and deaths increased by 43%
globally in 2022. This takes the estimated number of measles cases to 9 million
and deaths to 136,000 – mostly among children – according to the World Health
Organization and the CDC.

“Measles cases anywhere pose a risk to all countries and communities where
people are under-vaccinated. Urgent, targeted efforts are critical to prevent
measles disease and deaths,” said John Vertefeuille, director of CDC’s Global
Immunization Division.

Measles globally creates risk for unvaccinated kids



In 2022, 37 countries experienced large or disruptive outbreaks compared with 22
countries in 2021, the CDC said. Of the countries experiencing outbreaks, 28
were in the World Health Organization’s region for Africa, six in the Eastern
Mediterranean, two in Southeast Asia, and one in the European Region.



The fear doctors have is of travelers and visitors from around the globe who can
bring measles into the local region, impacting those not yet fully vaccinated or
whose families are choosing not to vaccinate, Guerrero-Duby said.

“The world is so very small, and everyone travels. People travel to other
countries, and they certainly can travel back to United States,” Guerrero-Duby
said.

The region saw the impact of this recently with the measle outbreak in 2022
originating in the Columbus area and eventually touching Clark County, bringing
the first measles case to that county in more than two decades.

Misinformation on social media

The Clark County Combined Health District is seeing more families decline
getting their children vaccinated and signing a waiver instead, said Clark
County Health Commissioner Charlie Patterson. He would like to see more families
consult a doctor, first, though, he said, adding this has been an effect from
both the pandemic and misinformation spread on social media.




“It’s a post COVID effect, but it’s the combination of COVID and social media,”
Patterson said. Vaccination data from the schools showed hesitation and
decreased numbers of children with all of their required immunizations happening
prior to the pandemic, as well, including around 2016-2017, he said.

“I still hear people talk about, well, they don’t want their kids vaccinated
because it causes autism. More and more scientific proof, study after study that
says the initial study was flawed, it has no effect. It just so happens that
when kids are getting vaccines, especially like the second MMR, is in that range
of about four years of age when the first signs of autism shows up in many of
these children,” Patterson said.

ExploreMoral opposition to childhood vaccines increasing at local schools, data
shows

Montgomery County health officials have seen the impact of misinformation being
spread online and on social media. The region saw more people turning to Google
and social media for medical advice, spreading misinformation, which propagated
quickly, said Dr. Becky Thomas, medical director at Public Health - Dayton and
Montgomery County.

“The consumer of social media has to be extremely careful about what they’re
looking at, the validity of the information, the source of the information, the
credibility of the information,” said Dan Suffoletto, public information manager
for Public Health.



Public Health is utilizing its own social media accounts to share accurate
information and understandable ways and accurate tools families need to make
informed decisions for their children.

Shifting opinions on vaccines

Public Health officials said parental opinions on vaccines shiftws during the
pandemic as parents became more skeptical of vaccines.

“There was increased distrust in vaccines and increased hesitancy as new
information came out,” Thomas said. “We had new types of vaccines that were
perhaps not easy to understand and not well explained at first, and that created
some uncertainty in the benefits and how they would outweigh the potential risks
of the vaccine, and that sort of that perceived increase in concern about
vaccine safety spilled over into other routine vaccines that kids get before
they go to school.”

Public schools with the lowest percentage of kindergarten students with all
required immunizations by county, 2022-2023 school year

CountySchool with lowest percentagePercentage of students with all required
immunizationsPercentage of students up to date on MMR vaccine ButlerFairfield
Central Elementary School (Fairfield)56.44%60.40% ChampaignUrbana Elementary
School (Urbana)92.02%94.48% ClarkSnyder Park Elementary School
(Springfield)79.49%84.62% DarkeVersailles Elementary School
(Versailles)74.73%80.22% GreeneMills Lawn Elementary School (Yellow
Springs)75.00%81.25% MiamiCookson Elementary School (Troy)73.21%85.71%
MontgomeryDixie Elementary School (New Lebanon)31.94%33.33% PrebleTri-County
North Elementary School (Lewisburg)80.60%82.09% ShelbyLongfellow Primary School
(Sidney)65.60%65.60% Warren Pennyroyal Elementary School (Franklin)65.22%82.61%



There are also a number of barriers that can prevent families from accessing
vaccinations. Access health care and places that provide childhood vaccinations,
transportation and time to get to those appointments, and knowledge of where to
find vaccines, such as vaccines that qualify for the Vaccines for Kids program,
are all barriers that can prevent families from getting their children
vaccinated on schedule, Public Health said.

Shutdowns during the pandemic also impacted vulnerable communities.

“During the early months of the pandemic when there was a shutdown...children
who lived below the poverty level and those living in rural areas did have lower
rates of vaccinations, so some disparities did emerge during that time,” Thomas
said.

Approximately 95% of kids need to be vaccinated with the two doses of the MMR
vaccination to protect against measles outbreaks. The county in this region that
got the closest to this threshold among its kindergarten students in the
2022-2023 school year was Champaign County with 94% of its kindergarten students
having all of their required vaccinations, according to the Ohio Department of
Health. Warren County was second highest at 91.6%.

Shelby County had the lowest percentage of kindergarten students with all
required vaccinations with 77.3%, according to ODH, followed by Montgomery
County at 85.3% and Clark County at 86.7%. Butler County reported 87.6% of its
kindergarten students with all required doses for the 2022-2023 school year, ODH
said.


Ohio kindergarten county level reporting, 2022-2023 school year, per ODH

CountyPercentage of students with all required dosesPercentage of students with
a medical exemptionPercentage of students with a reason of conscience or
religious objectionIncomplete Butler87.6%0.5%3.0%8.9% Champaign94.0%0.0%4.8%1.3%
Clark86.7%0.2%5.0%8.0% Darke89.9%0.0%8.1%2.0% Greene89.9%0.2%5.2%4.8%
Miami89.1%0.2%6.3%4.5% Montgomery85.3%0.1%3.8%10.9% Preble88.5%0.4%6.1%4.9%
Shelby77.3%0.0%11.5%11.2% Warren 91.6%0.4%4.6%3.4%

Routine vaccinations still relevant

Parents need to feel these vaccines are still relevant in today’s world, Thomas
said, and not just something their grandparents dealt with in their childhoods.

“Measles, for example, killed about 6,000 children a year before vaccines became
available in the 1960s, and we know that measles is still around globally and in
the United States today, and when we have pockets of unvaccinated individuals,
then we see outbreaks like we saw in Columbus last year of measles and other
infections that are preventable by vaccines,” Thomas said.

There’s no “risk-free” vaccine, but the risk of a negative reaction to a vaccine
outweighs the risk of catching diseases like measles. Sore arm from the
injection or redness where the shot is given, fever, and a mild rash can happen
after MMR vaccination, according to the CDC, which says more serious reactions
are rare.



“There’s not a zero-risk vaccine out there, but my kids got all their vaccines
because I looked at the risk of what happens when you get measles, mumps,
rubella, chicken pox, whooping cough…I looked at the effects of that versus the
slight risk that’s involved in the vaccinations, and I decided that it was worth
the risk,” Patterson said.

ExploreArea rural school districts seeing largest rejection of childhood
vaccines

Health experts encouraged parents to consult with a trusted physician or health
provider when deciding if vaccinations are right for their kids.

“I think it’s important for parents to recognize that they really are their
child’s best advocate and it’s important to establish a relationship with a
health care provider that they trust so that they can have their specific
concerns addressed,” Thomas said.





--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

A break down of the 2022-2023 Central Ohio measles outbreak



During the 2022-2023 measles outbreak in central Ohio, 85 locally acquired
measles cases were confirmed with rash onsets during Oct. 22 through Dec. 24,
2022, according to the Centers for Disease Control. The outbreak was declared
over on Feb. 4, 2023, 42 days―the length of two measles incubation periods―after
the last reported case.

By the numbers:

 * The first two cases were reported Nov. 5, 2022, among two unvaccinated
   two-year-old children.
 * During June 12 through Oct. 8, 2022, four internationally imported measles
   cases had been confirmed among unvaccinated Franklin County residents who had
   traveled to areas in East Africa, though no definitive link was established
   between these cases and the central Ohio outbreak.
 * The 85 confirmed cases included 78 in Franklin County, two in Madison County,
   and one each in Clark, Fairfield, Richland, Ross, and Union counties, all
   counties within central Ohio.
 * The patients ranged in age between six months old to 15 years old, and the
   median age was one year old.
 * Of the 85 cases, 80 were unvaccinated, though 60 were age-eligible for a
   routine measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccination. The vaccination status
   of one patient was unknown.
 * There were 44 patients who experienced complications, 36 were hospitalized,
   and there were no deaths reported.
 * Reported exposure locations for measles included five health care facilities
   accounting for 32 of the 85 cases, four child care facilities with 22 cases,
   and households with 17 cases.
 * Columbus Public Health and Franklin County Public Health departments
   identified 739 local contacts who were unvaccinated or had unknown
   vaccination status and required quarantine.

In Other News
1

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2

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3

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4

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5

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About the Author

Samantha Wildow


Samantha Wildow is a health care journalist with the Dayton Daily News covering
local hospitals, CareSource, community health, and other similar topics. Follow
Samantha on Twitter @SamWildowDDN.

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