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Home > Catholic Encyclopedia > G > Gallipoli


GALLIPOLI

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DIOCESE OF GALLIPOLI (GALLIPOLITANA).

Diocese in the province of Lecce (Southern Italy). The city is built on a high
rock in the Gulf of Tarentum and joined to the mainland by a bridge of twelve
arches. It is surrounded by a bastioned wall and dominated by a castle; has also
an important trade in wine, oil and fish. Drinking-water is brought to the town
from the mainland by means of an aqueduct. The harbour is a natural one, and not
particularly safe. It is thought that the place owes its origin to the
inhabitants of Gallipolis in Sicily. In 450, it was laid waste by the Vandals;
in the days of St. Gregory the Great (590-604) Gallipolis belonged to the Roman
Church. During the Norman invasion it resisted stubbornly. Roger I gave it to
his brother Bohemund, who had been made Prince of Tarentum; thenceforth the city
shared the lot of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.

Charles of Anjou besieged it in 1284 and destroyed it, driving the inhabitants
from their homes; in 1327 Robert the Good gave them permission to return, within
a short time the town again became prosperous. In 1429, the Turks disembarked
there. In 1484, the Venetians, in order to force King Ferdinand to withdraw his
troops from the pontifical states, blockaded the port with a fleet of 60
vessels. Despite the death of their leader, Giacomo Morello, they overcame the
stubborn resistance of the citizens, and sacked the town ruthlessly. It was
quickly restored; but in 1496, the Venetians, in revenge for the assistance
given to Ferdinand II by the town, took possession of Gallipoli; even the French
blockade in 1501 did not succeed in driving them out. In 1509 Gallipoli was
given back to the Kingdom of Naples, at that time under Spanish rule. A very
remarkable feat of arms occurred in 1528 when 600 Gallipolitans routed an army
of 4000 French infantry and 300 cavalry. The last blockade occurred in 1809 when
the English attacked the place and were repulsed.



Among its famous citizens are: the painters (Giovanni Andrea Coppola, Giovanni
Domenica Catalano, Giuseppe Ribera (Spagnuoletto); the sculptor Vespasiano
Genuino; the poets Giovanni Coppola, Bishop of Muro, and Onofrio Orlandini; the
jurisconsults Tommaso Briganti (1762) and Filippo Briganti (1804); the physician
and naturalist Giovanni Presta (1797). The earliest bishop we know of is one
Benedict who lived in the days of St. Gregory the Great. The Greek Rite, which
was introduced probably in the tenth century, remained in use until the year
1513. Among other bishops are: Melchisedech, present at the Second Council of
Nicaea (787); Alessio Calcedonio (1493), one of Bessarion's disciples; Alfonso
Herrera (1576), a generous and charitable man; Vincenzo Capece (1595), a man of
remarkable holiness; Antonio Perez de la Lastra (1679), philosopher and
theologian; Oronzio Filomarino (1701), a renowned theologian. The cathedral,
built in 1629, has a famous façade; it is the work of Francesco Bischetini, and
Scipione Lachibari. The frescoes of the cupola (martyrdom of St. Agatha) and on
the walls are the work of Carlo Malinconico. The see is a suffragan of Otranto;
it has 3 parishes and 20,100 souls, a convent of Carmelite nuns, and a foundling
hospital.




ABOUT THIS PAGE

APA citation. Benigni, U. (1909). Gallipoli. In The Catholic Encyclopedia. New
York: Robert Appleton Company. http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06366c.htm

MLA citation. Benigni, Umberto. "Gallipoli." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 6.
New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1909.
<http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06366c.htm>.

Transcription. This article was transcribed for New Advent by Gerald M. Knight.

Ecclesiastical approbation. Nihil Obstat. September 1, 1909. Remy Lafort,
Censor. Imprimatur. +John M. Farley, Archbishop of New York.

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