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 * Cosmetic Surgery vs. Reconstructive Surgery


COSMETIC SURGERY VS. RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY

Derived from the Greek plastikos, meaning “to mold or give form”, plastic
surgery is a surgical procedure specializing in the restoration and improvement
of function previously hindered by illness, trauma or congenital defects; and
also to improve the aesthetic appearance of individuals.

Plastic surgeons generally imply that plastic surgery can be performed on any
part of the body save for the central nervous system. Plastic surgery is also an
umbrella term – it’s a surgical specialization that can actually be broken down
into two sub-specializations: cosmetic surgery and reconstructive surgery.

Cosmetic or aesthetic surgery is dedicated to the modification and enhancement
of an individual’s physical appearance, usually without the issue of a
prevailing medical condition. Some of the goals of cosmetic surgery include
improving the aesthetic appeal, proportion and symmetry of the patient; as well
as the position, texture, structure and color of the body. Since the modified
area functions normally, cosmetic surgery is defined as “elective surgery” –
this means that the procedure is planned in advanced.

There are four general types of cosmetic procedures and these include:

 * Breast enhancement, which involves augmentation, reduction and lifts.
 * Facial contouring, which involves rhinoplasty, otoplasty, and cheek or chin
   enhancements
 * Facial rejuvenation, which involves facelifts, neck lifts, brow lifts, eyelid
   lifts
 * Skin rejuvenation, which involves laser resurfacing, filler treatments and
   Botox to combat wrinkles

One benefit of cosmetic surgery is that is helps boost an individual’s
self-esteem. It’s of no surprise that when an individual is satisfied with how
they look, they feel more confident and self-assured, which in turn increases
their self-esteem, which improves their quality of life.

A second benefit of cosmetic surgery is that it helps reduce and hide the
obvious signs of aging. As a society conditioned to look as youthful as possible
for as long as possible, cosmetic surgery can help “turn back the clock” on a
patient’s body by addressing wrinkles, flaccid or sagging skin and aging spots
through different cosmetic procedures.

A third benefit of cosmetic surgery is that it has now become more accessible
and affordable for people thanks in part to advancements in medicine. The
improvements in techniques, equipment and procedures coupled with an ever
expanding array of practitioners in this field have allowed individuals from all
echelons of society to address their aesthetic issues surgically on low or high
incomes.

On the flip side, a drawback of cosmetic surgery is that some procedures can be
quite costly, especially if the procedure requires multiple surgeries. While
cosmetic surgery has become more affordable, it is dependent on what work the
patient wants done and should multiple surgeries be necessary, the total cost
can quickly add up.

Another drawback of cosmetic surgery is that for some individuals, it can become
an addiction. Addiction to cosmetic surgery may be born from a psychological
disorder known as Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) – it’s a condition that causes
the afflicted to become obsessed with a facial defect they may have. People with
BDD and an addiction to cosmetic surgery can quickly rack up debts trying to
achieve perfection under the knife and this can in turn disrupt their
professional and personally lives.

The second sub-specialization of plastic surgery is reconstructive surgery.
Reconstructive surgery specializes in restoring and improving the function and
normal appearance of an individual caused by congenital defects, trauma or
medical conditions. In most cases, reconstructive surgery is defined as a
medical necessity and therefore normally covered by the patient’s health
insurance.

There are generally six common types of reconstructive surgery and these
include:

 * Skin cancer removal, which is a surgical procedure designed to treat skin
   cancer, remove abnormal skin growths and restore the skin’s normal
   appearance.
 * Cleft lip and palate surgery, which is a surgical procedure normally
   performed on infants and young child born with the defect.
 * Scar revision, which is a surgical procedure designed to improve upon the
   appearance of scars brought on by past surgeries or trauma.
 * Burn reconstruction, which is a surgical procedure for burn victims. The aim
   of this procedure is to restore function and to improve the appearance of the
   patient’s skin.
 * Breast reconstruction, which is a surgical procedure that involves using
   different techniques to restore the shape, appearance and size of a patient’s
   breasts following a mastectomy or lumpectomy.
 * Tissue transfers or tissue flap transplants, which is a surgical procedure
   designed to restore parts of a patient’s body to their original look and
   feel. The process involves using tissue, skin, fat, muscle, nerve or bone
   either from the patient’s own body or a deceased donor.

A benefit of reconstructive surgery is that is helps improve and “normalize” the
patient’s appearance, which in turn offers them a better quality of life –
professionally and personally. Having access to a better quality of life
includes improving the patient’s self-esteem and emotional wellbeing, which can
only boost their potential and successes professionally and personally.

A second benefit of reconstructive surgery is that it can be life-saving for the
patient. Unlike cosmetic surgery, reconstructive surgery is sometimes known as
urgent or emergency surgery, which indicates that the patient needs the surgery
in order to survive. Reconstructive surgery is dedicated to ensuring that
patients burdened with issues brought on by illness, trauma or congenital
defects have the opinion to correct the problem and go on to live a better life.

A disadvantage of reconstructive surgery is that like with any kind of surgery,
there are risks involved and the risks may be higher or lower depending on what
medical issue the patient has. Age can also be a factor when it comes to
reconstructive surgical procedures – the risks of surgery performed on a newborn
or small child for example, may be greater than surgery performed on a healthy
adult.

Another disadvantage of reconstructive surgery is cost – while many
reconstructive surgeries can be covered by a patient’s health insurance in
various countries; those without health insurance or whose health insurance
doesn’t cover the procedure may find themselves unable to pay their resulting
hospital bills. In conclusion, whether you decide to opt for surgery to achieve
an aesthetic goal or correct a defect as a result of illness or trauma, you
should consider all the advantages and disadvantages that come with the surgical
procedure you intend upon or need. You should also try to gather as much
information about the procedure as you can and ensure that the hospital you have
your surgery in is well equipped and established; and the surgeon you select is
an expert in their chosen field.


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