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Photographer: Qilai Shen/Bloomberg
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Politics


SURPRISE U.S.-CHINA CLIMATE DEAL BREAKS THROUGH SUPERPOWER STANDOFF

It was a bilateral deal between the two countries that paved the way for the
landmark Paris Agreement 

Bloomberg News
November 10, 2021, 6:37 PM GMT Updated on November 11, 2021, 8:52 AM GMT


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(Sign up for the Green Daily newsletter, your best source for climate news and
insights on the latest in science, environmental impacts, zero-emission tech and
green finance.)

China and the U.S. vowed to work together to slow global warming, issuing a
surprise joint statement Wednesday that injects new momentum into the last days
of global climate negotiations. The deal also marks a rare moment of cooperation
between superpowers locked in geopolitical rivalry and who seemed at odds for
most of the two-week talks in Glasgow, Scotland.




The two sides agreed to boost their efforts to cut emissions, including by
tackling methane and illegal deforestation, China’s special climate envoy Xie
Zhenhua told reporters.  They will establish a working group to increase action
in the 2020s — a key decade — which will meet in the first half of next year.
His U.S. counterpart John Kerry said that the group will focus on “concrete”
measures.


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As the world’s two major economies, “we need to work actively to address climate
change,” Xie said. Kerry said that "the U.S. and China have no shortage of
differences, but on climate cooperation is the only way to get this job done."
The two spoke at separate press conferences, one after the other, with Xie going
first. 

The announcement changed the mood in Glasgow, where negotiators are in the midst
of fraught discussions over how to accelerate measures to curb the rise in
global temperatures. It was a bilateral agreement between the U.S. and China
that paved the way for the landmark Paris Agreement in 2015.


Xie Zhenhua during the COP26 climate talks in Glasgow, U.K., on Nov. 1.
Photographer: Emily Macinnes/Bloomberg

"The big significance of this is geopolitical,” said Nick Mabey, co-founder of
think tank E3G. “The U.S. and China have signaled they will end the wars of
words that marred the past days.”



Relations between the world’s two biggest economies have steadily improved since
Chinese officials told Kerry in September that progress on climate depended on
improved overall ties, prompting President Joe Biden to call counterpart Xi
Jinping in search of a breakthrough. Shortly afterward, the U.S. reached a deal
to release Huawei Chief Financial Officer Meng Wanzhou from extradition
proceedings in Canada -- one of Beijing’s top demands. 

Read more: The Chinese Companies Polluting the World More Than Entire Nations

The joint agreement on climate comes ahead of another virtual summit likely to
be held next week between Biden and Xi, who skipped an in-person appearance at
COP26. Xi wrote in a letter this week to the National Committee on U.S.-China
Relations that China is ready to deepen ties with the U.S. and better manage
their disputes. 



That meeting is likely to address tensions over everything from tech to trade,
human rights and the status of Taiwan. Both leaders have an incentive to put the
relationship on a more even footing as they each focus on challenges at home,
and climate matters is a key area they can cooperate on.


`MAJOR TASKS’

The climate agreement “shows once again that China and the U.S. can cooperate on
major international issues,” Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Wang Wenbin said
at a regular briefing in Beijing on Thursday. “And with cooperation, the two
sides can do a lot of major tasks that are beneficial to countries and people of
the world.”



Jake Sullivan, the U.S. national security adviser, separately said Thursday that
the U.S. and China could avoid a Cold War or the Thucydides trap, named after
the Greek historian who warned of war when an emerging power challenges a mature
one. 




“We have the choice instead to move forward with what President Biden has called
stiff competition where we are going to compete vigorously across multiple
dimensions,” Sullivan said in a virtual lecture hosted by the Lowy Institute in
Sydney.  “There is no reason that that competition has to turn into conflict or
confrontation, and that is what responsibly and collectively we need to manage,”
he added.


METHANE EMISSIONS

The two countries reaffirmed the temperature goals of the Paris accord, which
has a stretch target of limiting warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius, and recognized
there is a gap between current policies and what needs to be done, Xie
said. Both are committed to pushing for a successful COP26, including agreements
on climate finance and rules to create a global carbon market, he said.

Still, China declined to join the global pledge being pushed by the U.S. and the
European Union to cut methane emissions 30% by the end of the decade from 2020
levels. Xie said China will develop its own national plan. Kerry admitted that
he had failed to get China to move its deadline for reaching peak emissions
earlier from 2030. “We've peaked out on peaking,” he said. 



As the world’s biggest emitter of greenhouse gases, China can do more than any
other country right now to help the world avoid the worst effects of global
warming. But it argues that its plan to reach carbon neutrality by 2060 will
already be the most ambitious emissions reduction ever attempted. 

“It can only be good news that the U.S. and China are working closely on climate
change and slashing methane emissions,” said Bernice Lee, research director at
Chatham House. “But the statement is not enough to close the deal. The real test
of Washington and Beijing is how hard they push for a 1.5°C-aligned deal here in
Glasgow.” — Jennifer Dlouhy, Karoline Kan and Jess Shankleman



— With assistance by Akshat Rathi, Philip Heijmans, and Colum Murphy

(Adds more context from sixth paragraph)


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