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VISUALIZED: THE STATE OF CENTRAL BANK DIGITAL CURRENCIES
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VISUALIZED: THE STATE OF CENTRAL BANK DIGITAL CURRENCIES
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TECHNOLOGY
VISUALIZED: THE STATE OF CENTRAL BANK DIGITAL CURRENCIES
Published
3 months ago
on
August 25, 2022
By
Marcus Lu
GRAPHICS/DESIGN:
* JOYCE MA
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Capitalist.
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▼ Use This Visualization
VISUALIZED: THE STATE OF CENTRAL BANK DIGITAL CURRENCIES
Central banks around the world are getting involved in digital currencies, but
some are further ahead than others.
In this map, we used data from the Atlantic Council’s Currency Tracker to
visualize the state of each central banks’ digital currency effort.
DIGITAL CURRENCY – THE BASICS
Digital currencies have been around since the 1980s, but didn’t become widely
popular until the launch of Bitcoin in 2009. Today, there are thousands of
digital currencies in existence, also referred to as “cryptocurrencies”.
A defining feature of cryptocurrencies is that they are based on a blockchain
ledger. Blockchains can be either decentralized or centralized, but the most
known cryptocurrencies today (Bitcoin, Ethereum, etc.) tend to be decentralized
in nature. This makes transfers and payments very difficult to trace because
there is no single entity with full control.
Government-issued digital currencies, on the other hand, will be controlled by a
central bank and are likely to be easily trackable. They would have the same
value as the local cash currency, but instead issued digitally with no physical
form.
CENTRAL BANK DIGITAL CURRENCIES WORLDWIDE
105 countries are currently exploring centralized digital currencies. Together,
they represent 95% of global GDP. The table below lists the data used in the
infographic.
Search:
CountryStatusUse Case NigeriaLaunchedRetail The BahamasLaunchedRetail
JamaicaLaunchedRetail AnguilaLaunchedRetail Saint Kitts and NevisLaunchedRetail
Antigua and BarbudaLaunchedRetail MontserratLaunchedRetail
DominicaLaunchedRetail Saint LuciaLaunchedRetail Saint Vincent and the
GrenadinesLaunchedRetail GrenadaLaunchedRetail SwedenPilotRetail
LithuaniaPilotRetail UkrainePilotUndecided KazakhstanPilotRetail
Showing 1 to 15 of 110 entries
PreviousNext
When aggregated, we can see that the majority of countries are in the research
stage.
We’ve also divided the map by region to make viewing easier.
AFRICA
ASIA
EUROPE
MIDDLE EAST
SOUTH AMERICA
NORTH AMERICA
WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS?
A major benefit of government-issued digital currencies is that they can improve
access for underbanked people.
This is not a huge issue in developed countries like the U.S., but many people
in developing nations have no access to banks and other financial services
(hence the term underbanked). As the number of internet users continues to
climb, digital currencies represent a sound solution.
To learn more about this topic, visit this article from Global Finance, which
lists the world’s most underbanked countries in 2021.
THE 9%
Just 9% of countries have launched a digital currency to date.
This includes Nigeria, which became the first African country to do so in
October 2021. Half of the country’s 200 million population is believed to have
no access to bank accounts.
Adoption of the eNaira (the digital version of the naira) has so far been
relatively sluggish. The eNaira app has accumulated 700,000 downloads as of
April 2022. That’s equal to 0.35% of the population, though not all of the
downloads are users in Nigeria.
Conversely, 33.4 million Nigerians were reported to be trading or owning crypto
assets, despite the Central Bank of Nigeria’s attempts to restrict usage.
STATUS IN THE U.S.
America’s central bank, the Federal Reserve, has not decided on whether it will
implement a central bank digital currency (CBDC).
> Our key focus is on whether and how a CBDC could improve on an already safe
> and efficient U.S. domestic payments system.
> – Federal Reserve
To learn more, check out the Federal Reserve’s January 2022 paper on the pros
and cons of CBDCs.
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Related Topics:bitcoincryptocurrencyblockchaineconomicscurrenciesmonetary
policydigital currencycentral bank digital currency
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The Richest People in the World in 2022
TECHNOLOGY
CHARTED: THE DARK WEB PRICE INDEX 2022
This chart looks at some of the common items that are sold on the Dark Web, and
how much they sold for on average in 2022.
Creator Program
Published
1 day ago
on
November 10, 2022
By
Carmen Ang
THE DARK WEB PRICE INDEX 2022
Did you know that the internet you’re familiar with is only 10% of the total
data that makes up the World Wide Web?
The rest of the web is hidden from plain sight, and requires special access to
view. It’s known as the Deep Web, and nestled far down in the depths of it is a
dark, sometimes dangerous place, known as the darknet, or Dark Web.
This graphic by Enrique Mendoza provides us a glimpse at this shrouded part of
the internet, showing us some of the common items that are sold on there, and
how much they typically cost.
A BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO THE DARK WEB
Before diving in, it’s worth quickly explaining what the Dark Web is, and how
people typically gain access to it.
Unlike the ordinary web (which is also known as the Surface Web), the Dark Web
cannot be accessed through a regular browser such as Chrome or Safari. Rather,
users need to access it anonymously via a Tor browser.
Tor, which is short for “The Onion Router,” is a special portal that connects
users to Dark Web websites in a complicated way that ultimately protects the
user’s identity. This means users can access websites anonymously.
The Dark Web can be a breeding ground for illegal activity, where people can buy
things like contract killings, drugs, malware, and other people’s personal
information.
PRODUCT PRICE BREAKDOWN
How much is your personal information worth on the Dark Web? This graphic uses
data from the 2022 Dark Web Product Price Index to find that out and more.
This annual report by privacyaffairs.com provides insights into some of the most
popular products that are for sale on the Dark Web, such as credit card data,
forged documents, and hacked info, and lists the average price of each product.
While this list is far from exhaustive and not the only measure of Dark Web
prices, the report gives us a glimpse into hidden online territory that’s
extremely unfamiliar to many of us.
Search:
ProductProduct CategoryAvg. Price USD (2022) Credit card details, account
balance up to 5,000Credit Card Data$120 Credit card details, account balance up
to 1,000Credit Card Data$80 Stolen online banking logins, minimum 2,000 on
accountCredit Card Data$65 Israel hacked credit card details with CVVCredit Card
Data$25 Hacked (Global) credit card details with CVVCredit Card Data$15 Spain
hacked credit card details with CVVCredit Card Data$25 Cloned American Express
with PINCredit Card Data$25 Canada hacked credit card details with CVVCredit
Card Data$18 Australia hacked credit card details w/ CVVCredit Card Data$23
Cloned Mastercard with PINCredit Card Data$20
PreviousNext
One of the most expensive items included in the dataset is premium malware,
which costs about $5,500 per 1,000 installs. While the cost for premium malware
is hefty, there are still billions of malware attacks occurring every year
causing huge monetary damage.
On the other end of the spectrum are Paypal account details, Netflix logins, or
stolen credit card details (complete with a CVV) all available for less than
$20.
HOW TO PROTECT YOUR PERSONAL INFORMATION
As the line between the digital and physical realm becomes increasingly blurry,
it’s more important than ever to make sure you’re protecting yourself and your
personal information from identity theft.
According to Privacy Affairs, there are several proactive measures you can take
to decrease your chances of getting hacked. This includes using a VPN whenever
you access public Wi-Fi, using different passwords for different online
accounts, and investing in anti-malware software to combat unwanted visitors.
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TECHNOLOGY
VISUALIZING FINANCIALS OF THE WORLD’S BIGGEST COMPANIES: FROM IPO TO TODAY
See the financials of major companies like Amazon and Tesla visualized,
comparing their first year post-IPO with the most recent numbers.
Creator Program
Published
2 days ago
on
November 9, 2022
By
Carmen Ang
In today’s fast-paced world, companies need to adapt if they want to stay
relevant. Even the Big Tech giants can’t get too comfortable—to remain
competitive, large corporations like Google and Amazon are constantly innovating
and evolving.
This series of graphics by Truman Du illustrates the income statements of five
of the world’s biggest companies—Amazon, Apple, Microsoft, Tesla, and
Alphabet—and shows how their financials have evolved since the date of their
very first public disclosures.
Editor’s note: Click on any graphic to see a full-width version that is higher
resolution. Also, because these companies are in some cases 10,000x the size
they were at IPO date, the two visual financial statements are not meant to be
directly comparable in sizing.
VISUAL INCOME STATEMENTS: FROM IPO TO TODAY
Let’s start with Apple, the first company to go public, and the biggest in the
mix:
1. APPLE
View the full-size infographic
Back in 1998, Apple went by the name “Apple Computer,” because at the time, the
company only sold computers and computer hardware kits. However, over the next
decade, the company expanded its product offerings and started to sell various
consumer tech products like phones, portable music players, and even tablets.
Apple’s consumer tech was so successful, that by 2007 the company decided to
drop “Computer” from its name. Fast forward to today, and the company also
generates revenue through services like Apple TV and Apple Pay.
While computers are still a core part of its business, the iPhone has become the
biggest revenue driver for the company.
In 2021, Apple generated $94.7 billion in profit at a 26% margin. Today, the
company is one of the only Big Tech companies that has been able to withstand
the industrywide drop in valuations. Sitting strong with a market capitalization
over $2 trillion, the company is worth roughly the same as Amazon, Alphabet, and
Meta combined.
2. MICROSOFT
View the full-size infographic
Microsoft, one of the oldest companies on this list, went public in 1985. Back
then, the company only sold microprocessors and software—hence the name
Micro-Soft.
And while Microsoft’s flagship operating system (Windows) is still one of its
major revenue drivers, the company’s product offerings have become much more
diverse.
Now, its revenue streams are split fairly evenly between its cloud service
(Azure), productivity tools (Office), and personal computing (Xbox and Windows
OS).
3. AMAZON
View the full-size infographic
When Amazon went public in 1997, the online retailer was only selling books.
But by 1998, Amazon started rapidly expanding its product offering. Soon it was
selling everything from CDs and toys to electronics, and even tools.
Fast forward to now, and the ecommerce segment of Amazon has become just a
portion of the company’s overall business.
Amazon is also a cloud-service provider (AWS), supermarket chain (with its
grocery brands Amazon Fresh and its acquisition of Whole Foods) and even a video
streaming service (Prime Video). In particular, AWS stands out as an important
part of Amazon’s overall business, driving a whopping 74% of operating profits.
4. ALPHABET
View the full-size infographic
When Google went public in 2003, it was a simple search engine that generated
about $1.4 billion in ad revenue from its website and cloud network.
Today, the company (now renamed Alphabet) has become synonymous with the
internet, and accounts for an overwhelming majority of the internet’s search
traffic. Because of this, it generates hundreds of billions in ad revenue each
year.
The company also owns YouTube, and has branched out into different verticals as
well like consumer tech (Fitbit), and premium streaming (YouTube Premium &TV).
5. TESLA
View the full-size infographic
Tesla’s IPO was in 2008, making it the youngest company on the list. And as the
newest kid on the block, Tesla’s revenue streams haven’t changed as drastically
as the others have.
However, while electric vehicles are still the company’s main revenue driver,
Tesla has managed to dip its toes into other verticals over the last 10 years.
For instance, in 2021, about $2.8 billion of its $53.8 billion in revenue came
from energy generation and storage.
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