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Wireless


APPLE IPHONE 14 WILL HAVE EMERGENCY SATELLITE CONNECTIVITY

By Linda HardestySep 7, 2022 04:27pm
AppleGlobalstariphonesatellite broadband
An Apple exec said, “It took years to make this vision a reality through
game-changing hardware, software and infrastructure innovation.” (Apple)

At its annual event today Apple announced that the new iPhone 14 will have
emergency satellite connectivity. The service dubbed “Emergency SOS via
Satellite” is a text message service to assist people who are in dire
circumstances in remote areas with no regular cellular coverage.




As predicted, Apple is working with the satellite company Globalstar to offer
the service, using Globalstar’s Band 53 spectrum. According to Reuters, Apple
will pay for 95% of the approved capital expenditure for the new satellites
needed to support the service.



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Speaking at Apple’s event today, Kaiann Drance, Apple’s vice president of
worldwide product marketing said, “While the iPhone is designed for a
best-in-class cellular experience, connecting to satellite presents an entirely
new set of challenges.”

Then she proceeded to lay out the challenges, which made it clear that offering
a full-service text, data and voice service to regular cell phones via satellite
will be a very daunting technical challenge.

Drance explained that communication satellites are hundreds of miles above the
earth and flying at over 15,000 miles per hour. To connect to these satellites,
you need to be outside with a clear view of the sky. “The bandwidth is so
limited that even sending a text message is a technical challenge,” she said.
“Typically, the only way to tap into such a network is with an expensive device
that uses a bulky external antenna.”



Obviously, Apple didn’t want to create an iPhone with a giant 1990s-style
antenna. Drance said, “So, we invented another way. We designed and built custom
components and specific software so iPhone 14 antennas can connect to
satellites’ unique frequencies. That connection is only possible when the phone
is pointing directly at a satellite.”

But since satellites fly too high to be identified by the human eye, Apple had
to create a user interface that shows people where to point the phone to
establish a connection and stay connected as the satellite moves.

Once connected, the person in the emergency situation needs to send and receive
enough information to get help. “Standard messaging protocols are not designed
for satellites’ limited bandwidth,” said Drance. “So, we created a custom,
short-text compression algorithm to reduce the average size of messages by a
factor of three. Thanks to this algorithm it can take less than 15 seconds to
send a message if you have a clear view of the sky. In other conditions such as
light foliage, it may take a few minutes.”


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In order to reduce the amount of back and forth between the person in the
emergency situation and the emergency responder, Apple also worked with
emergency experts to surface the questions they are most likely to ask. It then
provides the most common responses for the phone user to chose from with just a
few texts. “With fewer messages to write and send, you can get help quicker,”
said Drance.



After the message is relayed to a ground station it needs to reach the right
emergency service provider. If that emergency provider accepts text messages,
Apple will connect the user directly. But if the emergency services center only
accept voice calls, Apple has set up relay centers staffed with specialists
ready to call an emergency services provider.

Drance’s explanation was a wake-up call as to how complicated it’s going to be
to realize the dream of regular cell phones connecting to satellites for full
text, data and voice services.


RELATED

Setting realistic expectations on satellite phones — Madden

She said, “It took years to make this vision a reality through game-changing
hardware, software and infrastructure innovation.”

New Street Research analyst Jonathan Chaplin wrote today, “Satellite-enabled
text is a small step toward a much bigger opportunity. The killer application
will be ubiquitous global voice and data connectivity enabled via satellites
that work seamlessly with terrestrial cellular networks. This could be a $20
Billion+ annual opportunity in the U.S.”

For purchasers of the new iPhone 14, the emergency satellite service is free for
the first two years.

Wireless


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