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NUMBER OF SMALL DONORS IN 2023

668,000
564,000


TRUMP LEADS BIDEN IN NUMBER OF SMALL DONORS

By Albert Sun, K.K. Rebecca Lai, Andrew Fischer and Rebecca Davis O’Brien

Feb. 6, 2024

Former President Donald J. Trump was trailing President Biden in overall
campaign cash on hand at the end of 2023, but he dominated fund-raising last
year by at least one critical measure: his number of small donors. An analysis
of Federal Election Commission data by The New York Times shows that about
668,000 donors gave less than $200 to Mr. Trump, compared with 564,000 for Mr.
Biden.

More Trump Small Donors
Battleground states
States
TRUMP DONORS
BIDEN DONORS
Pa.

23,000

20,000

N.H.

4,000

4,000

Wis.

9,000

8,000

N.C.

20,000

16,000

Iowa

5,000

4,000

Mich.

20,000

15,000

Ohio

21,000

15,000

Mo.

12,000

7,000

Ky.

7,000

4,000

Ind.

12,000

7,000

Ga.

21,000

13,000

Kan.

6,000

3,000

Fla.

69,000

39,000

Neb.

4,000

2,000

Utah

7,000

3,000

Ariz.

24,000

12,000

Mont.

3,000

2,000

Alaska

2,000

1,000

W.Va.

3,000

1,000

Tenn.

16,000

7,000

Nev.

10,000

5,000

Texas

67,000

30,000

S.C.

13,000

6,000

Ark.

6,000

2,000

S.D.

2,000

1,000

N.D.

1,000

1,000

Idaho

6,000

2,000

Okla.

9,000

3,000

Ala.

10,000

4,000

La.

9,000

3,000

Wyo.

2,000

1,000

Miss.

5,000

1,000

More Biden Small Donors
 
States
TRUMP DONORS
BIDEN DONORS
Colo.

13,000

14,000

N.J.

17,000

18,000

Va.

16,000

17,000

Ill.

18,000

20,000

Minn.

9,000

10,000

Hawaii

2,000

2,000

N.M.

5,000

5,000

R.I.

2,000

2,000

N.Y.

30,000

40,000

Wash.

16,000

22,000

Calif.

72,000

99,000

Ore.

9,000

13,000

Conn.

6,000

9,000

Maine

3,000

4,000

Del.

2,000

4,000

Md.

9,000

15,000

Mass.

11,000

20,000

Vt.

1,000

2,000

D.C.

<1K

4,000


Bars show the number of individual donors who gave less than $200 to either
candidate in 2023. Numbers are estimates because of potential duplicate names or
donations within the data.

Small donors have always been intrinsic to Mr. Trump’s political momentum. Not
only have they powered his three presidential bids, but they are also a vital
measure of his broad appeal to an immovable grass-roots base. Most large donors
have so far kept their distance from Mr. Trump this cycle.

Mr. Biden, in contrast, has drawn ample support from big donors, who are not
reflected in this dataset. One measure of voter enthusiasm is strong support
from small donors. Individual donors can give repeatedly, up to $3,300 to a
candidate’s campaign fund for a primary, and another $3,300 for the general
election.

Mr. Trump also has more small donors than Mr. Biden in the critical battleground
states of Pennsylvania, Wisconsin, North Carolina, Michigan, Georgia, Arizona
and Nevada, The Times analysis shows.

There are a few factors that could help explain Mr. Trump’s lead. First, Mr.
Trump started his presidential bid in late 2022, and had a running start into
2023, while Mr. Biden did not formally declare that he was seeking re-election
until April.


FIRST-TIME SMALL DONORS IN 2023

10,00020,00030,00040,00050,000 daily donorsJan. 2023AprilAug.Dec.
April 4
Trump arraigned in Manhattan criminal case
April 25
Biden announces campaign
Aug. 14
Trump booking and mug shot in Georgia inquiry

Lines show the number of unique individual donors each day who gave less than
$200 to either Trump or Biden for the first time in 2023.

Mr. Trump has also benefited from an unusual set of circumstances: His two
biggest fund-raising moments of 2023 came on the days that state officials in
New York and Georgia charged and booked him, in April and in August. The
criminal cases against him have served as catalysts for his fund-raising
operation.

Methodology

Data includes donations reported to the Federal Election Commission by the Trump
campaign, the Trump Save America Joint Fundraising Committee, Trump Victory
joint fund-raising committee, the Biden campaign, the Biden Victory Fund joint
fund-raising committee and the Biden Action Fund joint fund-raising committee.
Additional donations processed on behalf of those committees and reported by the
online fund-raising platforms ActBlue and WinRed are also included.

The estimated number of individual donors was determined based on a unique
combination of contributor name, state and ZIP code. Donors with invalid
addresses were filtered out of the analysis. Dates of first donation for the
2024 cycle were determined by the earliest contribution date for a unique
individual donor.

All donations are from Jan. 1, 2023, through Dec. 31, 2023.



Additional work by Rachel Shorey.


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