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 * Press Release


GLOBAL: HOST COUNTRY AGREEMENT WITH AZERBAIJAN FOR COP29 MUST GUARANTEE HUMAN
RIGHTS AND BE PUBLICLY AVAILABLE

July 7, 2024

Printer Print
(Aziz Karimov/Getty Images)

The UN organizers of the COP29 climate summit in November must ensure the Host
Country Agreement (HCA) with the Azerbaijan authorities contains human rights
safeguards and that it is made publicly accessible immediately after it is
signed so potential attendees can assess the risks they face at the event,
Amnesty International said today.

Despite repeated attempts, Amnesty International only recently obtained the Host
Country Agreement (HCA) opens in a new tab for last year’s COP between the
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the United
Arab Emirates. This HCA had significant shortcomings and ambiguities in the
rights protections it afforded to participants in Dubai, heightening concerns
that an agreement with the Azerbaijan government will similarly fall short of
fully protecting human rights and civic space at COP29 and will also not be
publicly available ahead of the summit.

Ann Harrison, Amnesty International’s Climate Policy Advisor, said: 

“The Host Country Agreement between the UNFCCC and the Azerbaijan authorities
must contain guarantees that all human rights are protected and respected, both
inside and outside the event space. These include the rights to freedom of
expression and peaceful assembly. This is particularly important, as the
Azerbaijan authorities regularly clamp down on criticism and have recently
intensified their crackdown on dissent by detaining journalists, human rights
defenders and climate rights activists such as Anar Mammadli opens in a new tab.
We are urging his release, as well as the release of all others unjustly
detained by the authorities.

“Given the egregious human rights violations committed by Azerbaijan’s
government, it is vital that the Host Country Agreement struck with the UNFCCC
is made public immediately after signing so it can be scrutinized to assess the
extent to which civic space at COP29 is protected. The UNFCCC Secretariat should
publish all past and future HCAs on its website in the interests of transparency
and widely disseminate information about their publication. Azerbaijan, as a
party to the Aarhus Convention on disclosure of public information, should also
publish the agreement.”

Amnesty International has documented opens in a new tab how previous COP climate
summits, including those in Poland, Spain, the United Kingdom, Egypt and the
United Arab Emirates have involved restrictions on the rights to freedom of
expression and peaceful assembly. Amnesty International has also recorded opens
in a new tab severe violations of these and other rights in Azerbaijan, raising
concerns about the safety and security of participants at this year’s COP, which
will be held in Baku from 11 to 22 November.

Background

A Host Country Agreement sets out arrangements for an international meeting
between the organizers and the host country authorities, including any
immunities and privileges applicable beyond national laws, and is normally
finalized months before an event. At the Bonn Climate Conference in June last
year, states highlighted the importance of including human rights in Host
Country Agreements at climate COPs, and said HCAs should be made public.

Amnesty International repeatedly sought to obtain the HCA for COP28 shortly
after it was signed in August 2023, via the UN Treaty system, on the advice of
the UNFCCC Secretariat and from the Secretariat itself, including at COP28.
After multiple requests, the UNFCCC Secretariat finally provided a copy to
Amnesty International in June 2024.

Although the COP28 Agreement did provide immunity from legal process for all
participants in relation to what they said or did at COP28, it is undermined by
a requirement that participants had a duty to respect UAE laws and not interfere
in its internal affairs, which could have opened them up to reprisals once they
left the zone. The only human right referred to in the COP28 HCA is the right to
privacy. Parties to the 1998 Aarhus Convention must guarantee the rights of
access to information about environmental decision making.

Contact: media@aiusa.org opens in a new tab


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