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Risk Management
CYBERSECURITY AWARENESS MONTH 2023: 4 ACTIONABLE TIPS
Make Cybersecurity Awareness Month a year-long initiative with these four
actionable security tips to reduce cyber risk across the attack surface.
By: Greg Young September 26, 2023 Read time: 5 min (1274 words)
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Another Cybersecurity Awareness Month is here. According to the National
Cybersecurity Alliance (NCA) this is the twentieth year we’ve marked the event.
20 years ago, we saw the launch of Facebook, Gmail, MySpace, Roblox, Google’s
IPO, and the MyDoom virus. Fast forward to 2023, with attacks and
vulnerabilities now on the front pages daily, cybersecurity is more critical and
difficult than ever.
What is Cybersecurity Awareness Month?
Launched in 2004 under leadership from the U.S. Department of Homeland Security
and the NCA, Cybersecurity Awareness Month aims to help Americans stay safe and
secure online. Since then, the movement has grown exponentially—raising
awareness amongst consumers, small and medium sized businesses (SMB),
enterprises, and educational institutions.
Making Cybersecurity Awareness Month Meaningful
This year, NIST lists the focus is on four key behaviors throughout the month:
1. Enabling multi-factor authentication
2. Using strong passwords and a password manager
3. Updating software
4. Recognizing and reporting phishing
This is certainly a great place to start, but businesses of all sizes should
look to go above and beyond in a strategic sense to improve their cybersecurity
posture. Here are my four additional actions that any organization can take to
show high-impact improvement:
Visibility, Visibility, Visibility
There’s a military expression that “Amateurs talk tactics, and veterans talk
logistics”: veteran cybersecurity staff today are talking about visibility. With
more complexity in our environments, attackers like the complexity when it means
neglected and less protected resources they can use to hop-scotching laterally
to gain privilege and avoid detection.
Relying on your IT system management databases isn’t accurate enough today: the
scope and speed of change means that ITSM databases are perpetually out of date
and lean on security to help them find new or hidden assets.
Know your network’s stuff: whether legitimate, shadow IT, or connected through
VPNs, get a more accurate inventory of your attack surface. Attackers know that
devices not managed and/or patched are the very best lateral paths.
Visibility doesn’t mean just knowing the attack surface alone. External attack
surface management (EASM) and internal Cyber Asset Attack Surface Management
(CAASM) are both needed to get a large part of the asset picture.
But visibility goes beyond the existence or patch state of an asset. It means
knowing what communication has happened with those assets – merely knowing an
asset is vulnerable is less meaningful than also knowing what other identities
and assets it communicates with as this reflects on the posture of those other
elements.
Decrease the Risk Assessment Time Gap Towards Continuous Assessment
Semi-annual penetration tests get a box checked and keep you out of compliance
jail, but cybersecurity has moved to near-real time and so too must your
assessment. Continuous monitoring has been an important goal, but we need to
advance it to making continuous decisions based on that continuous monitoring.
Even events such as authenticating to use a VPN are too infrequent to make
actionable judgements: in between those authentications there can be many
indicators of compromise (IOC) that give a high enough assurance that you or
your account/device/asset/data has moved from acceptable to unacceptable risk.
Continuous assessment means always looking for vulnerable or compromised
elements and taking action. If my device is vulnerable, or my email account is
spewing malware or the signs of having been phished there should be an immediate
risk-based decision taken. Time is the friend of the attacker. Let’s be less
friendly with them.
Increase Collection of Non-Standard Security Telemetry
This action is closely tied to the first recommendation about visibility. The
standard events we examine in security have not only gotten a bit stale, but the
attackers know them well enough to avoid being caught up in them. That’s the
whole basis for attacks to move laterally and through unconventional paths such
as IoT and things likely not known to be part of your attack surface when they
are. And like “birds of a feather”, the more of an outlier the telemetry comes
from, the more likely it is to lead you to other assets, data, connections, and
identities that your organization may not have known about.
Attackers know where the “motion alarms” are for standard security alerts and
telemetry and avoid those. Common incident forensics clearly show that evading
detection especially for known security safeguards is an increasingly common
attacker tactic. A key part of visibility means going and gathering more new
kinds of security-relevant telemetry.
A common mistake today is collecting more telemetry but accessing it less often.
“Well, if we double the telemetry, we’ll just consult it half as often” doesn’t
have to be the trade-off. Smart use of telemetry is utilized by modern platforms
rather than clumsy bulk-searching through data, and more telemetry should mean
less load on SOC staff, not more.
Extended detection and response (XDR) and continuous assessment gets smarter,
faster, and more accurate when there is more data to assess beyond your parents’
firewall alerts. Telemetry regarding connections, rates of missed
authentications, changes in application activity, DNS usage, system tools
running in new places, never seen before pairings of privileges and the granting
admin, unusual backups… there’s a data lake to fill with these. The more
telemetry you have, means you can combine them into more meaningful indicators
that are less likely to be a false positive or false negative.
Get Your Platform Strategy Underway, and Get Rid of Shelfware
Underscoring all of this is the fact you need the right security tools in place.
While you may opt to diversify your security stack, don’t fall into the trap of
deploying point products that don’t play nicely together. As I said, visibility
is the foundation of all other defense – using siloed solutions will only give
you bits and pieces of the entire picture.
A platform strategy is a strategy, not an overnight procurement exercise: you
don’t need to rip and replace your entire stack immediately. Take a planned
approach (but don’t delay the inevitable). However, you can leverage a
cybersecurity platform that brings together the telemetry from different
security solutions into a single pane of glass. Beware, some vendors may try to
sell you a suite of siloed solutions as a platform. A true platform is composed
of integrated vendor solutions and allows broad third-party integrations.
As a bonus, look for a platform that’s backed by the capabilities I mentioned
earlier like XDR, virtual patching, automation, continuous monitoring and risk
assessments, and more to provide security across the attack surface – from
users, to endpoints, to email, to clouds, to networks, etc.
A key part of your platform strategy should be looking for security shelfware.
As part of unifying the telemetry and response capabilities of your security
tools, look for tools and products that aren’t necessary any longer.
It can be awkward to end-of-life a security tool that was viewed as critically
useful a few years back and oh yes you made an eloquent pitch for the budget for
it, but security moves quickly. You can integrate it into your platform, but
instead if it really has been superseded or no longer relevant removing
shelfware has only benefits.
Saving money, removing it from the need to integrate it into your platform,
speedier analysis by removing duplicative telemetry, and the training and
updating efforts are only part of the list of benefits of a leaner/cleaned-up
security stack.
Next Steps
So, let’s make Cybersecurity Awareness Month actionable and meaningful. And in
the spirit of visibility and continuous assessment don’t wait until next year’s
Cybersecurity Awareness Month to check and refine your progress
Tags
Expert Perspective | Skills Gap | Compliance | Risk Management | Detection and
Response | Article | Digital Transformation | Cloud | Cybersecurity Awareness
Month
AUTHORS
* Greg Young
VP of Cybersecurity, Trend Micro
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