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Compliance & Risks


BREAK IT/OT SILOS BY EXPANDING SOC RESPONSIBILITIES

The latest study said that enterprise SOCs are expanding their responsibilities
to the OT domain, but major visibility and skills-related challenges are causing
roadblocks.

By: Kazuhisa Tagaya August 04, 2023 Read time: 3 min (740 words)

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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

On June 2023, the SANS Institute published a new report, “Breaking IT/OT Silos
With ICS/OT Visibility” written by Jason Christopher, SANS analyst, with the
cooperation of Trend Micro. This survey explores how respondents tackle ICS/OT
visibility challenges, the gaps across the IT-OT boundary, the roadblocks to
expanding visibility, and the maturity comparisons from both domains. This
survey had nearly 350 respondents responsible for IT and OT security across a
wide variety of industrial sectors worldwide.

This article discusses the challenges integrating security operations across IT
and OT, referring to the report's essence.

Background: Enterprise SOC's responsibility has been expanded to OT, but their
capability is developing.

 * Approximately 50% claim that their enterprise SOC includes some ICS/OT
   visibility level.
 * Only 53% of their ICS/OT environments provided data for detection.
 * Nearly 40% of respondents indicated that only IT staff would respond to the
   incident.
 * Of the survey respondents with no ICS/OT visibility in their SOC, 67%
   indicated plans to expand their SOC to include these capabilities.

These findings suggest the following situation. Enterprise SOCs have broader
responsibilities and are partially observant in OT but unable to detect security
events in the OT domain. IT security teams are forced to respond without OT
visibility in the OT incident response. But as a positive trend, most
organizations that do not yet have a SOC overseeing OT are also keen to expand
their enterprise SOC.

What capabilities do you think should be integrated across IT and OT
organizational silos?



Figure1: Capabilities should be integrated across IT and OT organization silos

Cyber event detection topped the list at 63%. The following categories were
asset inventory, identity access control, and event analytics. Beyond the
organizational silos of IT and OT, event detection is the most important
function to integrate, requiring holistic visibility.

What are the top three challenges for expanding security operations across IT
and ICS/OT environments?



Figure2: The challenges for expanding security operations across IT and ICS/OT

The top was training for IT staff in OT Cybersecurity at 54%. IT and OT are
technologies with completely different principles and require understanding the
difference. When considering operations that integrate IT and OT, the frequency
of attacks against IT is high, and it is also the entry point that leads to OT,
so many organizations think training for IT staff tends to be more important
than for OT staff.

Cyber event detection is the most important issue for enterprise SOCs to conduct
comprehensive security operations, including the OT domain. There are several
monitoring stages, but more than simply collecting logs is needed, and massive
alerts can overwhelm the SOC team. The ability to detect cyber events across IT
and OT and analyze their context helps prioritize events for action.



Figure3: Detection and analysis process: refer to Incident Handling Guide (NIST
SP800-61r2)

Cyber event detection can be roughly divided into four steps. The first step is
the ability to observe own assets and networks. In the OT domain, there are ways
to implement endpoint security on the asset and monitor the nearby network. The
second step is to filter observable events to know adverse events to your
organization regarding protection. It is necessary to define normal conditions
and detect anomalies. The third step is to identify those events that can
potentially cause significant consequences to your business. This requires
evaluating the importance of the business processes that rely on the asset and
the CIA of information. The final step is determining whether the event should
be dealt with immediately. This is a matter of decision-making. It needs to
evaluate the cost-value balance of response and recovery.

Trend Micro's cybersecurity platform across IT and OT streamlines this detection
and analysis process.

 * Dedicated OT endpoints and network sensors detect anomalous behavior as
   events.
 * Cyber-attacks intrude IT attack surface as an entry point, move internal
   network and reach OT. Combining information from IT-side sensors with data
   from OT's based on threat models to visualize attack context.
 * Because it becomes easier to identify the cause, route, and scope of impact,
   management would understand the impact on the business and the resources
   required for response and recovery.
 * These help decision-making in incident response. Concise and quick decisions
   maximize the efficiency of security resources and minimize damage to your
   business.

Learn more about our ICS/OT security solutions.

Reference:
Breaking IT/OT Silos with ICS/OT Visibility - 2023 SANS ICS/OT visibility survey

Tags
ICS OT | Compliance & Risks | IoT | Reports | Articles, News, Reports


AUTHORS

 * Kazuhisa Tagaya
   
   Security Expert

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