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EUROPE RENEWABLE ENERGY POLICY HANDBOOK 2022, UPDATE

Pages: 308 Published: April 01, 2022 Report Code: GDAE1492P

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Overview
 * Overview
 * Contents
   
 * FAQ

The European Union (EU) has adopted integrated policies to ensure its progress
toward 2030 climate and energy targets and its international commitments under
the Paris Agreement. All European Union member countries have designated targets
by the EU to conform to international emission norms. To achieve this, each
country has its National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP) which includes the
target to increase renewable energy generation to reduce Green House Gas (GHG)
emissions. Countries under the EU have designated renewable energy targets.
While all EU countries’ NECPs set a target generation of electricity through
renewable sources by 2030, the non-EU countries have either capacity or
generation targets. Competitive bidding, Feed-in Tariffs (FITs), Feed-in
premium, tax incentives, subsidies, and grants are the most common supportive
measures used in the region to promote renewable energy. Grants are given at
different levels of the value chain to promote growth with research,
development, and demonstration projects. Tax incentives are also provided to
contenders from different parts of the renewable energy value chain.



The Europe renewable energy market report offers comprehensive information on
major policies governing the renewable energy market in most of Europe. The
report also discusses renewable energy targets and plans along with the present
policy framework, giving a fair idea of the overall growth potential of the
renewable energy industry. Moreover, the report provides major
technology-specific policies and incentives provided in the region.




WHAT IS THE COUNTRY-WISE OUTLOOK OF THE EUROPE RENEWABLE ENERGY MARKET?

Austria

The overall energy market in Austria is governed by the Federal Electricity
Management and Organization Act 2010 (Electricity Act 2010). The key policy
supporting renewable power generation is the Green Electricity Act, also known
as Okostromgesetz. It resulted in the increased deployment of wind energy,
biomass, and biogas facilities. In March 2021, the government presented its
final version of the Renewable Energy Expansion Act – Erneuerbaren-Ausbau-Gesetz
(EAG) which will replace previous subsidy mechanisms. It is aimed at reshaping
the Austrian legal framework on renewable energy generation, distribution, and
consumption. The final draft of Austria’s NECP focuses on the decarburization
and energy efficiency dimensions and related policies.

Belgium

Power plants in Belgium, other than hydropower and renewable power plants that
have obtained offshore concessions, must obtain a federal production license
issued by the federal Energy Minister on recommendation by the federal
Commission for the Regulation of Electricity and Gas (CREG). Belgium has a
federal policy framework and separates regional legislation for the three
regions in the country. The renewables market is mainly regulated at the
regional level except for offshore power production and storage in the North Sea
which is regulated by the federal government. The NECP provides indicative
targets for renewable power generation to be achieved at the national and
regional levels by 2030. The National Recovery and Resilience Plan-Green
Transition supports the decarbonization of the energy sector by promoting the
use of hydrogen as an energy source. Electricity produced from renewable sources
in Belgium is primarily promoted through a quota system based on the trade of
certificates also known as green energy certificates. The Competent Regional
Authorities provide these certificates monthly to the owners of energy plants as
a reward for the energy savings they achieved.

Bulgaria

Bulgaria’s power sector comes under the scope of the Ministry of Economy,
Energy, and Tourism, but is managed by the State Energy and Water Regulatory
Commission. Natsionalna Elektricheska Kompania (NEK) is the owner of all
transmission assets and is wholly owned by the state, while operational
responsibility is held by Electricity System Operator (ESO). Furthermore, wind
and solar PV technologies are the country’s leading renewable power sources and
have been expanding substantially due to the FiTs offered by the government. The
Energy Act regulates the grid connection of plants and the generation and
transmission of electricity and pricing. It also controls the access of
electricity from renewable sources to the grid and contains provisions for the
support of electricity from renewable sources.

For more European renewable energy insights, download a free report sample


SCOPE

The report provides:

 * Policy measures and incentives used by countries in the Europe region to
   promote renewable energy.
 * Promotional measures in the Europe region both for the overall renewable
   energy industry and for specific renewable energy technologies that have
   potential in the country.


REASONS TO BUY

   

 * Develop business strategies with the help of specific insights about policy
   decisions being taken for different renewable energy sources.

   

 * Identify opportunities and challenges in exploiting various renewable
   technologies.

   

 * Compare the level of support provided to different renewable energy
   technologies in different countries in the region.

   

 * Be ahead of the competition by keeping yourself abreast of all the latest
   policy changes.

   






TABLE OF CONTENTS

Table of Contents


1 Europe Power Market, Regulatory Scenario


1.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview


1.2 European Union Renewable Energy Targets


1.3 European Union Recovery and Resilience Facility (RFF)


1.4 Russian Sanctions


2 Renewable Energy Policy, Austria


2.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview


2.2 Renewable Energy Targets


2.3 National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP) 2021-2030


2.4 Hydrogen Energy


2.5 Renewable Energy Expansion Act – Erneuerbaren-Ausbau-Gesetz (EAG)


2.6 Green Electricity Act


Amendments in Green Electricity Act


Feed-in Tariffs (FiTs)


2.7 National Recovery and Resilience Plan – Green Transition


2.8 Investment Subsidy for Hydropower


2.9 Investment Subsidy for Small PV


2.10 Investment subsidy for PV installations in the agriculture and forestry
sectors


2.11 Public funding for innovative photovoltaic projects


3 Renewable Energy Policy, Belgium


3.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview


3.2 Renewable Energy Targets


3.3 National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP) 2021-2030


3.4 National Recovery and Resilience Plan – Green Transition


3.5 Hydrogen Energy


3.6 Flanders Climate Plan


3.7 Wallonia Climate Plan


3.8 Green Certificates – Certificats Verts (CV)


Brussels


Flanders


Wallonia


3.9 Net Metering


Brussels


Flanders


Wallonia


3.10 Energy Transition Fund


3.11 Auctions/Bidding Framework


4 Renewable Energy Policy, Bulgaria


4.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview


4.2 National Energy and Climate Plan 2021-2030


4.3 Bulgaria 2030


4.4 National Recovery and Resilience Program


4.5 Energy Act


4.6 Contracts for Difference (CfD) Scheme


4.7 Feed-in Tariff/ Premium Tariff


4.8 Grants


5 Renewable Energy Policy, Croatia


5.1 Energy Market, Overview


5.2 Renewable Energy Policy Framework


National Energy and Climate Plan 2021-2030


5.3 Renewable Energy Schemes


5.4 The Renewable Energy Tendering System in Croatia


5.5 RES Support Policy


5.6 Premium Tariff support scheme


5.7 National Renewable Energy Action Plan, Croatia


5.8 Energy policy


5.9 Renewable Energy Sources and High Efficiency Cogeneration Act


5.10 Regional Energy Efficiency Programme


5.11 Environment Protection and Energy Efficiency Fund


The Environmental Protection Programme of the Croatian Bank for Reconstruction
and Development HBOR


5.12 Energy Act


5.13 Croatia’s recovery and resilience plan 2021-2026


6 Renewable Energy Policy, Czech Republic


6.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview


6.2 Renewable Energy Targets


6.3 National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP) 2021 – 2030


6.4 State Energy Policy (SEP)


6.5 Hydrogen Energy


6.6 Green Investment Scheme: New Green Savings Programme


6.7 Energy Management Act


6.8 Feed-in-tariff and Premium Tariff (Green Bonus)


6.9 Auctions


6.10 Tax Exemption for Renewable Energy Use


6.11 State Program to Promote Energy Savings and Use of Renewable and Secondary
Energy Sources


6.12 National Recovery Plan


7 Renewable Energy Policy, Denmark


7.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview


7.2 Electricity Supply Act


7.3 National Renewable Energy Action Plan (Target 2020)


7.4 Renewable Energy Targets


7.5 Draft-National Energy and Climate Plan (Target 2030)


7.6 Energy Strategy 2050


7.7 National Recovery and Resilience Plan – Green Transition


7.8 Hydrogen energy in Denmark


Green Hydrogen Hub


HyBalance’s PEM electrolysis Hydrogen plant


SeaH2Land


7.9 Promotion of Renewable Energy Act


7.10 Auctions


Denmark Renewable Energy Auction, 2019


Mixed auction


Cross-border auctions


Solar auctions


Auctions Update


7.11 Net-metering


7.12 Loan guarantee for construction of wind energy plants


8 Renewable Energy Policy, Finland


8.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview


8.2 Renewable Energy Targets


8.3 National Energy and Climate Strategy of Finland for 2030


8.4 National Recovery and Resilience Plan – Green Transition


8.5 National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP) 2021-2030


8.6 Hydrogen Energy


8.7 Competitive Tender/ Auctions


First Round of Auctions


Upcoming Auctions and Latest Developments


8.8 Incentives for phasing out coal power


8.9 Energy Aid


8.10 Biofuel obligation in Transport, Heating, and Machinery


8.11 Smart Metering in Finland


Smart Grids and Energy Markets program (SGEM)


8.12 Energy Efficiency Agreement for Municipalities 2017–2025


8.13 Energy Grants for Residential Buildings


9 Renewable Energy Policy, France


9.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview


9.2 Renewable Energy Targets


9.3 National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP)


9.4 National Recovery and Resilience Plan


9.5 Law on Energy Transition for Green Growth (LTECV)


9.6 France’s Multiannual Energy Programme (Programmationpluriannuelle de
l’énergie or PPE)


9.7 The National Low-Carbon Strategy (stratégie nationale bas-carbone, (SNBC))


9.8 Hydrogen Energy


9.9 Current Support Environment (Incentives) for Renewable Energy in France


9.10 Feed-in Tariffs


Retroactive FiT Cuts


9.11 Premium Tariffs


9.12 Renewable Energy Tenders/Auctions


Solar Tender for Fessenheim Nuclear Conversion Plan


9.13 Heat Fund


National


Regional


9.14 Green Innovation Funding Program


9.15 Renewable Energy Market Development


9.16 Tax Credit for Energy Transition (CITE)


9.17 Reduced VAT for Residential Renewable Energy Equipment


10 Renewable Energy Policy, Germany


10.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview


10.2 Renewable Energy Targets


10.3 National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP) (2021-2030)


10.4 German Coalition Green Energy Plans


10.5 National Hydrogen Strategy


10.6 Renewable Energy Source Act (EEG)


10.7 Renewable Energy Auctions (2020)


Onshore wind energy auctions


Solar PV auctions


Biomass auctions


Joint Auctions for Onshore Wind and Solar Power Projects


Innovation Tender


10.8 Omnibus Energy Act


10.9 Nuclear Phase Out by 2022


10.10 New Combined Heat and Power (CHP) Act, 2016


10.11 Offshore Grid Development Plan 2030 (2017/2019)


10.12 Tenants’ Solar Power Supply


11 Renewable Energy Policy, Greece


11.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview


11.2 Energy Policy, Greece


11.3 Renewable Energy Targets


11.4 National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP) 2021-2030


11.5 Hydrogen Energy


11.6 Generation of Electricity using Renewable Energy Sources (RES) Law


11.7 Support Scheme for renewable power and CHP Producers (Law 4414/2016)


Premium Tariff (Feed-in Premium)


ETMEAR Levy


11.8 Renewable Energy Auctions


11.9 New Development Law 4399/2016


11.10 Net Metering


Virtual Net Metering


11.11 Biofuel Quota


11.12 Antonis Tritsis Programme


11.13 Greece’s Recovery and Resilience Plan


12 Renewable Energy Policy, Ireland


12.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview


12.2 Renewable Energy Targets


12.3 National Energy and Climate Plan 2021-2030


12.4 Programme for Government – Our Shared Future


Mission: A Green New Deal


12.5 Project Ireland 2040


12.6 Climate Action Plan 2021


12.7 Renewable Energy Support Scheme (RESS)


Auction Design


RESS 1 Auction


ORESS 1


Community-based requirement for RESS


12.8 Budget 2022


12.9 Hydrogen Energy


12.10 Draft Circular Economy Bill 2021


12.11 National Recovery and Resilience Plan


12.12 Biofuel Obligation


12.13 Offshore Renewable Energy Development Plan


12.14 Micro generation Support Scheme


12.15 Carbon Tax


13 Renewable Energy Policy, Italy


13.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview


13.2 National Energy Strategy 2030


13.3 Renewable Energy Targets


13.4 National Recovery and Resilience Plan


13.5 White certificates/Energy Efficiency Certificates (TEE)


13.6 National Integrated Plan for Climate and Energy 2030


13.7 Renewable Energy Development


13.8 Hydrogen Energy


13.9 Feed-in Tariff


13.10 Renewable Auction


13.11 RES Decree 2019-2021


13.12 CIPE Resolution


13.13 Incentive for Solar-Plus-Storage


13.14 Net-Metering Scheme


13.15 New Regulation to Promote Solar and Renewables in Non–Interconnected
Islands


13.16 Biomethane subsidies


13.17 Tax Regulation Mechanism I


13.18 Tax Regulation Mechanism II


13.19 Tax Credit for energy efficiency measures


13.20 Regional and Municipal level policy/incentives


Abruzzo


Aosta Valley


Basilicata


Bologna


Calabria


Campania


Emilia Romagna


Friuli-Venezia Giulia


Lazio


Liguria


Lombardy


Marche


Molise


Piemonte


Puglia


Sardinia


Sicily


Tuscany


Umbria


Veneto


14 Renewable Energy Policy, Netherlands


14.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview


14.2 Renewable Energy Targets


14.3 Hydrogen Energy


Dutch Hydrogen Strategy


Hydrogen Programme


Porthos


PosHYdon


Magnum Project


14.4 National Climate Agreement


14.5 National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP) 2021-2030


14.6 Offshore Wind Energy Act


14.7 Offshore Wind Energy 2030 Roadmap


14.8 Offshore Wind Tenders (Auctions)


14.9 Top Sector Energie (TSE) – the Support Scheme for Innovative Energy
Projects


14.10 Feed-in Premium Program – SDE+ and SDE++


14.11 Net-Metering


14.12 “Terugleversubsidie” – Phasing out Net-Metering


14.13 Energy Investment Allowance (EIA) scheme


14.14 Environmental investment allowance – milieu-investeringsaftrek (MIA) and
Vamil: Tax Relief Schemes


14.15 Biofuel Quota


15 Renewable Energy Policy, Norway


15.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview


15.2 Renewable Energy Targets


15.3 Energy Act


15.4 National Climate Plan


15.5 Climate Change Act


15.6 Hydrogen Energy


15.7 Electricity Certificate Act (Quota Obligation)


15.8 Auctions


15.9 Guarantees of Origin (GO)


15.10 Energi21


15.11 Watercourse Regulation Act


15.12 Waterfall Rights Act


15.13 Act on Offshore Renewable Energy Production (The Offshore Energy Act)


15.14 Green Recovery Package


15.15 Green Conversion Package


16 Renewable Energy Policy, Poland


16.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview


16.2 Poland Energy Policy 2040 (PEP2040)


16.3 Renewable Energy Sources Act (RES Act)


Amendments under the RES Act


16.4 Renewable Energy Auctions


Renewable Energy Auction Plan -2021


Amendment in Auction System, 2019


Constraint for renewable auctions


Auction Rules


Modifications made in the amendment


16.5 Energy Law Act


Quota System (Renewable Portfolio Standards)


16.6 Feed–in Tariff


Feed–in–Premium


16.7 Financial Incentives


The Stork Program (Loan–National Fund for Environmental Protection and Water
Management (NFEP&WM))


BOCIAN–support for distributed energy sources


Green Investment Scheme


Certification–based Investment Scheme


Solar Rebate Scheme ‘Mój Prąd’ or ‘My Electricity’, 2019


16.8 Green Public Transport Program


17 Renewable Energy Policy, Portugal


17.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview


17.2 Renewable Energy Targets


17.3 National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP) 2021-2030


17.4 Roadmap to Carbon Neutrality – Roteiro para a Neutralidade Carbónica
(RCN2050)


17.5 Green Growth Commitment 2030


17.6 Hydrogen Energy


The National Hydrogen Strategy (EN-H2)


17.7 Renewable Energy Auctions


First Round Solar PV Auctions 2019


Second round Solar PV auction 2020


Upcoming auctions


17.8 Guaranteed Remuneration Scheme for Small Generators


17.9 Exception from Clawback Mechanism


17.10 Portugal’s recovery and resilience plan


17.11 Small Investments in Agricultural Exploration programme


18 Renewable Energy Policy, Romania


18.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview


18.2 Renewable Energy Targets


18.3 National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP) 2021-2030


18.4 Hydrogen Energy


18.5 Renewable Energy Law


18.6 Government Emergency Ordinance no. 24/2017


18.7 National Strategy for Sustainable Development 2030


18.8 Quota System


18.9 Biofuel Quota


18.10 CfD Scheme


18.11 Draft Offshore Wind Law


18.12 EU’s Modernization Fund


18.13 Recovery and Resilience Plan – Green Transition


19 Renewable Energy Policy, Russia


19.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview


19.2 Impact of Russia – Ukraine Crisis 2022


19.3 Renewable Energy Targets


19.4 Decree No. 449 on the Mechanism for the Promotion of Renewable Energy


19.5 Auction Process and Localization Requirements


19.6 Renewable Energy Auctions


19.7 Russia Renewable Energy Program


19.8 Energy Strategy of Russia to 2035


19.9 Premium and Certificates Scheme


19.10 Hydrogen Energy in Russia


Hydrogen roadmap 2024


19.11 Russia’s Climate Plan


20 Renewable Energy Policy, Slovakia


20.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview


20.2 Renewable Energy Targets


20.3 Slovak Energy Policy – Energetická politika (EP SR)


20.4 National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP) 2021-2030


20.5 National Recovery and Resilience Plan


20.6 Hydrogen Energy


20.7 Enviro-strategy 2030 (Envirostrategy–Greener Slovakia)


20.8 Act No. 251/2012 on Energy and amendments to certain acts


20.9 Act No. 250/2012 on Regulatory Office for Network Industries (RONI)


20.10 Act No. 309/2009 on Support of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) and High
Efficiency Combined Heat and Power (CHP)


20.11 Auctions


20.12 Feed-in Tariffs (FiT)


20.13 Subsidy (Operational Programme Quality of Environment)


20.14 European Commission Support for High-efficient Cogeneration of Electricity


21 Renewable Energy Policy, Slovenia


21.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview


21.2 Renewable Energy Targets


21.3 National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP) 2021-2030


21.4 Hydrogen Energy


21.5 Support Schemes – Competitive Tenders for FiTs and Premium Tariffs


21.6 Net-Metering System


21.7 Loan (Eko/Eco Fund)


21.8 Subsidy Scheme of the Ministry for Infrastructure


21.9 Grid Requirements for Renewable Power Producers


21.10 National Recovery and resilience plan


22 Renewable Energy Policy, Spain


22.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview


22.2 Electricity Law 24/2013


22.3 Royal Decree-Law 23/2020


22.4 Renewable Energy Targets


22.5 New Law on Climate Change and Energy Transition (Law 7/2021)


22.6 The National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP) 2021-2030


22.7 National Recovery and Resilience Plan – Green Transition


22.8 Hydrogen Energy


22.9 The Royal Decree Law 13/2012


22.10 The Royal Decree Law 29/2012


22.11 The Royal Decree Law 9/2013


22.12 Royal Decree 413/2014


22.13 Royal Decree 110/2015


22.14 Suspension of Solar Power Tax


22.15 Feed-in Premiums


22.16 Auctions for Renewable Energy


SOLBAL Program


22.17 The Institute for the Diversification and Saving of Energy (IDAE)


22.18 Grid Connection of Small Wind Turbines


22.19 Offshore Wind Power Development


23 Renewable Energy Policy, Sweden


23.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview


23.2 Renewable Energy Targets


23.3 Climate Act and Climate Policy Framework


23.4 National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP)


23.5 National Recovery and Resilience Plan


23.6 Hydrogen Energy


23.7 Green Certificate Scheme


Quota Obligation


23.8 Solar Rebate Scheme


23.9 Cancellation of Solar Tax for Commercial PV


23.10 Removal of the Building Permit for Solar Systems


23.11 Reduction in Connections Costs for Offshore Wind Power


23.12 Energy Tax


23.13 Carbon Tax


23.14 The Swedish Energy Research and Innovation Program


23.15 Sweden’s 2021 Budget


24 Renewable Energy Policy, Switzerland


24.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview


24.2 Electricity Supply Act (ESA)


24.3 Federal Act – Secure Electricity Supply for Renewables


24.4 Law on Renewable Energy Targets


24.5 Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) to the Paris Agreement


24.6 Energy Strategy 2050


Measures for increasing energy efficiency


Measures for the development of renewable energies


Changes in the law on nuclear energy


Measures with respect to electricity grids


Further measures


24.7 Hydrogen Energy


24.8 Solar Power at Mountain Level Elevations


24.9 Action Plan for a Coordinated Swiss Energy Research


24.10 Renewable Energy Feed-in Tariffs


24.11 COVID 19 Green Recovery and Solar PV Rebate Program


24.12 Tenders for efficient use of electricity – ProKilowatt


24.13 Energy Research Program


24.14 Swiss Energy Research for the Energy Transition (SWEET)


24.15 Risk Guarantee Scheme for Geothermal Power Projects


25 Renewable Energy Policy, Turkey


25.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview


25.2 Renewable Energy Targets


25.3 Electricity Market Law


25.4 Omnibus Law


25.5 National Renewable Energy Action Plan (NREAP)


25.6 Act No. 5346 – Utilization of Renewable Energy Sources


25.7 The Presidential Decree Number 1044


25.8 Intended Nationally Determined Condition (INDC)


25.9 COP24


25.10 Law on Geothermal Sources and Natural Mineral Water


25.11 Feed-in Tariff


25.12 Auctions


25.13 Renewable Energy Zones (YEKA-Scheme)


YEKA-2017


25.14 YEKDEM


25.15 Hydrogen Energy


25.16 Electricity Market Licensing Regulation


Amendments to Electricity Market Licensing Regulation


25.17 Clean Technology Fund (CTF)


26 Renewable Energy Policy, UK


26.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview


26.2 Renewable Energy Targets


26.3 Electricity Market Reform 2011


26.4 Climate Change Act


26.5 The Clean Growth Strategy and Clean Growth Grand Challenge


26.6 Carbon Reduction target 2030


26.7 Hydrogen Policy in the UK


Overview


The Prime Minister’s Ten Point Plan 2020


Hydrogen Strategy


Powering our Net Zero Future: White Paper


Sixth Carbon Budget Report issued by the Climate Change Committee


26.8 Renewable Energy Guarantees of Origin


26.9 Renewable Obligation Order


26.10 Contracts for Difference (CfD)


26.11 Impact of Brexit on UK energy Industry


26.12 Carbon Emissions Tax 2018


26.13 Carbon Price Floor (CPF)


26.14 Carbon Price Support


26.15 Climate Change Levy


26.16 Smart Metering


26.17 Smart Export Guarantee (SEG)


26.18 Strategies and legislation in Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales


Northern Ireland


Scotland


Wales


27 Renewable Energy Policy, Ukraine


27.1 Renewable Energy Market, Overview


27.2 Ukraine’s Electricity Market Law (Law no 4493)


27.3 Impact of Russia – Ukraine Crisis 2022


27.4 Ukraine’s Energy Strategy, 2035


27.5 Law on Alternative Energy Sources


27.6 Feed-in Tariff Program and the Green Tariff Law


27.7 Auctions for Renewable Energy Projects


27.8 Net Metering


27.9 Recovery and Resilience Plan


27.10 Emission Reduction Plan


27.11 Tax Incentives


28 Appendix


28.1 Abbreviations


28.2 Market Definitions


Power


Renewable Power


Installed Capacity


Electricity Generation


Electricity Consumption


28.3 Methodology


Coverage


Secondary Research


Primary Research


Modelling and Forecasting


| Contact Us




LIST OF TABLES

List of Tables




Table 1: Renewable Energy Policy, Europe, 2021




Table 2: Renewable Energy Target, NECP, EU, 2030




Table 3: Main Objectives of the NECP, Austria, 2021-2030




Table 4: Annual Subsidy by Technology, EAG Funding Agency, Austria, 2021




Table 5: Indicative Targets for Renewable Power Generation, GWh, Belgium, 2030




Table 6: Multiplicative Coefficients for Solar PV Installations, Belgium, 2021




Table 7: Targets under Circular and Low-Carbon Economy Section, Bulgaria 2030
plan




Table 8: National Energy and Climate Plan, Croatia, 2021-2030




Table 9: Renewable Energy, Croatia, Capacity targets, 2020




Table 10: Renewable Energy Targets, Czech Republic




Table 11: Feed in Tariffs, Czech Republic, 2021




Table 12: Biopower Feed in Tariffs, Czech Republic, 2021




Table 13: Renewable Energy Auctions, Denmark, 2016-2019




Table 14: Renewable Energy Auctions, Denmark, 2019




Table 15: Denmark, Results of Renewable Auctions, 2018




Table 16: Net-metering Criteria for Different Renewable Technologies, Denmark




Table 17: Energy and Emission Targets, NECP, Finland, 2021-2030




Table 18: First Renewable Energy Auction, Finland, 2019




Table 19: Renewable Energy, Policy Environment Summary, France




Table 20: Targets under NECP, France, 2021 to 2030




Table 21: Renewable Energy, Multiannual Energy Programme
(Programmationpluriannuelle de l’énergie or PPE), France, 2020




Table 22: GHG Emission Estimates under SNBC 2, France, 2019-2033




Table 23: Renewable Energy, Overview of Current Support Schemes, France, 2021




Table 24: Renewable Energy, Premium Tariffs Eligibility Criteria, France




Table 25: Renewable Energy, Awarded Renewable Energy Auctions ($/MWh), France,
2017–2021




Table 26: Renewable Energy, Announced Renewable Energy Auctions ($/MWh), France,
2022–2027




Table 27: Renewable Energy Targets, 2030




Table 28: Targets and Measures, Green Energy Plan, 2030




Table 29: Annual Capacity Expansion Under EEG 2021




Table 30: Germany, Onshore Wind Auction Results, 2021




Table 31: Germany, Onshore Wind Auction Results, 2020




Table 32: Germany, Solar PV Auction Results, 2021




Table 33: Germany, Solar PV Auction Results, 2020




Table 34: Germany, Biopower Auction Results, 2020 – 2021




Table 35: Germany, Joint Auction Results, 2020




Table 36: Germany, Innovation Tender, 2020 – 2021




Table 37: Germany, Support for CHP electricity injected into the grid (€c/kWh),
2019




Table 38: Germany, CHP Support for Auto-consumption, 2019




Table 39: Germany, Supply to third party outside public grid (Kontraktore), 2019




Table 40: Energy and Emission Targets, NECP, Greece, 2021-2030




Table 41: ETMEAR Rates per Voltage Level, Greece, 2016–2018




Table 42: Renewable Energy Auctions, Greece, 2018-2021




Table 43: Biofuel Quota (%), 2021, Greece




Table 44: Energy and Emission Targets, NECP, Ireland, 2021-2030




Table 45: RESS Auction Stages, Ireland




Table 46: RESS I Auction Provisional Results, Ireland, 2020




Table 47: SFCT rates effective from 1 May 2021, Ireland




Table 48: Renewable Energy Installed Capacity Targets (MW), Italy, 2017-2030




Table 49: Power Market, Italy, Primary Objectives on Energy and Climate, EU and
Italy, 2020 & 2030




Table 50: FiT eligibility Quotas for plants under 1MW, (MW), Italy, 2019-2021




Table 51: Regular Feed-in Tariffs for Renewable Technologies, Italy, 2018




Table 52: Quotas for Auctions (MW), Italy, 2019-2021




Table 53: Renewable Generation Target (TWh), Sicily, 2030




Table 54: Renewable Power Targets (MW), Sicily, 2030




Table 55: Targets/Ambitions for Renewable Energy Generation (TWh), Netherlands,
2030




Table 56: Energy and Emission Targets, NECP, Netherlands, 2021-2030




Table 57: Offshore Wind Auctions (EUR/MWh and $/MWh), Netherlands, 2016–2025




Table 58: Schedule for Topsector Energie subsidy programme, Netherlands,
2021-2022




Table 59: Eligible Technologies for the SDE++ Subsidy Scheme, Netherlands, 2022




Table 60: SDE++ Subsidy Scheme Tender Details, Netherlands, 2021




Table 61: Biofuel Obligations for Fuel Suppliers Based on Energy Content (%),
Netherlands, 2010–2030




Table 62: Renewable Energy Quota Obligation (MWh), Norway, 2017–2035




Table 63: Renewable Energy Auctions, Poland, 2018-2021




Table 64: Upcoming Renewables Capacity Allocations through Auctions, 2021




Table 65: Reference prices for different renewable energy sources, Poland, 2018




Table 66: Renewable Energy Market, Maximum Cost of Installation, Poland, 2020




Table 67: Renewable Energy Loan Beneficiaries, Poland, 2019




Table 68: Energy and Emission Targets, NECP, Portugal, 2021-2030




Table 69: Major targets, RNC 2050, Portugal




Table 70: First Round Solar PV Auction Result, Portugal, 2019




Table 71: Second Round Solar PV Auction Result, Portugal, 2020




Table 72: Renewable Energy Auctions, Portugal, 2019-2022




Table 73: Energy and Emission Targets, NECP, Romania, 2021-2030




Table 74: Allocation of Green Certificates, Romania, 2022




Table 75: Renewable Power Capacity Addition Targets by Technology (MW),
2021-2024




Table 76: Minimum Local Content Requirement (%), Russia, 2014–2021




Table 77: Minimum Local Content Requirement (%), Russia, 2021–2024




Table 78: Renewable Energy Auction, Russia, 2013- 2020




Table 79: Electricity Generation (GWh) outlook according to Draft ES-2035,
Russia




Table 80: Energy and Emission Targets, NECP, Slovakia, 2021-2030




Table 81: Energy and Emission Targets, NECP, Slovenia, 2021-2030




Table 82: Result of First Round of Auctions, Group I, Slovenia, 2020




Table 83: Result of First Round of Auctions, Group II, Slovenia, 2020




Table 84: Result of Second Round of Auctions, Slovenia, 2020




Table 85: Renewable Energy Capacity Additions (MW), NECP, Spain, 2021-2030




Table 86: Targets under EU Hydrogen Strategy and Spain’s Hydrogen Roadmap,
2020-2050




Table 87: Renewable Energy Auctions, Spain, 2016-2021




Table 88: Funds allocated by IDAE by technology (EURm), Spain, 2021-2030




Table 89: Energy and Emission Targets, NECP, Sweden




Table 90: Renewable Energy Quota Obligation (MWh), Sweden, 2019–2035




Table 91: Renewable Energy Targets, Turkey, 2023




Table 92: Renewable Energy Feed-in Tariffs, Turkey, 2021




Table 93: Renewable Energy Auctions, Turkey, 2017-2019




Table 94: Renewable Obligation, Technology Eligibility, UK




Table 95: Renewable Obligation, Technology Eligibility, UK




Table 96: Renewable Obligation (ROC/MWh), UK, 2009–2023




Table 97: Renewable Energy, CfD First Allocation Round Results, UK, 2015




Table 98: Renewable Energy, CfD Second Allocation Round Results, UK, 2017




Table 99: Renewable Energy, CfD Third Allocation Round Results, UK, 2019




Table 100: Climate Change Levy (GBP/kWh or /kg), UK, 2016–2021




Table 101: Percentage Discount for CCA holders (%), UK, 2016–2021




Table 102: Carbon Price Support Rates* for Climate Change Levy, UK, 2015–2021




Table 103: Smart Export Guarantee Tariff, UK, 2022




Table 104: Feed-in Tariff (EUR/KWh), Ukraine, 2022




Table 105: Abbreviations




LIST OF FIGURES

List of Tables


Table 1: Renewable Energy Policy, Europe, 2021


Table 2: Renewable Energy Target, NECP, EU, 2030


Table 3: Main Objectives of the NECP, Austria, 2021-2030


Table 4: Annual Subsidy by Technology, EAG Funding Agency, Austria, 2021


Table 5: Indicative Targets for Renewable Power Generation, GWh, Belgium, 2030


Table 6: Multiplicative Coefficients for Solar PV Installations, Belgium, 2021


Table 7: Targets under Circular and Low-Carbon Economy Section, Bulgaria 2030
plan


Table 8: National Energy and Climate Plan, Croatia, 2021-2030


Table 9: Renewable Energy, Croatia, Capacity targets, 2020


Table 10: Renewable Energy Targets, Czech Republic


Table 11: Feed in Tariffs, Czech Republic, 2021


Table 12: Biopower Feed in Tariffs, Czech Republic, 2021


Table 13: Renewable Energy Auctions, Denmark, 2016-2019


Table 14: Renewable Energy Auctions, Denmark, 2019


Table 15: Denmark, Results of Renewable Auctions, 2018


Table 16: Net-metering Criteria for Different Renewable Technologies, Denmark


Table 17: Energy and Emission Targets, NECP, Finland, 2021-2030


Table 18: First Renewable Energy Auction, Finland, 2019


Table 19: Renewable Energy, Policy Environment Summary, France


Table 20: Targets under NECP, France, 2021 to 2030


Table 21: Renewable Energy, Multiannual Energy Programme
(Programmationpluriannuelle de l’énergie or PPE), France, 2020


Table 22: GHG Emission Estimates under SNBC 2, France, 2019-2033


Table 23: Renewable Energy, Overview of Current Support Schemes, France, 2021


Table 24: Renewable Energy, Premium Tariffs Eligibility Criteria, France


Table 25: Renewable Energy, Awarded Renewable Energy Auctions ($/MWh), France,
2017–2021


Table 26: Renewable Energy, Announced Renewable Energy Auctions ($/MWh), France,
2022–2027


Table 27: Renewable Energy Targets, 2030


Table 28: Targets and Measures, Green Energy Plan, 2030


Table 29: Annual Capacity Expansion Under EEG 2021


Table 30: Germany, Onshore Wind Auction Results, 2021


Table 31: Germany, Onshore Wind Auction Results, 2020


Table 32: Germany, Solar PV Auction Results, 2021


Table 33: Germany, Solar PV Auction Results, 2020


Table 34: Germany, Biopower Auction Results, 2020 – 2021


Table 35: Germany, Joint Auction Results, 2020


Table 36: Germany, Innovation Tender, 2020 – 2021


Table 37: Germany, Support for CHP electricity injected into the grid (€c/kWh),
2019


Table 38: Germany, CHP Support for Auto-consumption, 2019


Table 39: Germany, Supply to third party outside public grid (Kontraktore), 2019


Table 40: Energy and Emission Targets, NECP, Greece, 2021-2030


Table 41: ETMEAR Rates per Voltage Level, Greece, 2016–2018


Table 42: Renewable Energy Auctions, Greece, 2018-2021


Table 43: Biofuel Quota (%), 2021, Greece


Table 44: Energy and Emission Targets, NECP, Ireland, 2021-2030


Table 45: RESS Auction Stages, Ireland


Table 46: RESS I Auction Provisional Results, Ireland, 2020


Table 47: SFCT rates effective from 1 May 2021, Ireland


Table 48: Renewable Energy Installed Capacity Targets (MW), Italy, 2017-2030


Table 49: Power Market, Italy, Primary Objectives on Energy and Climate, EU and
Italy, 2020 & 2030


Table 50: FiT eligibility Quotas for plants under 1MW, (MW), Italy, 2019-2021


Table 51: Regular Feed-in Tariffs for Renewable Technologies, Italy, 2018


Table 52: Quotas for Auctions (MW), Italy, 2019-2021


Table 53: Renewable Generation Target (TWh), Sicily, 2030


Table 54: Renewable Power Targets (MW), Sicily, 2030


Table 55: Targets/Ambitions for Renewable Energy Generation (TWh), Netherlands,
2030


Table 56: Energy and Emission Targets, NECP, Netherlands, 2021-2030


Table 57: Offshore Wind Auctions (EUR/MWh and $/MWh), Netherlands, 2016–2025


Table 58: Schedule for Topsector Energie subsidy programme, Netherlands,
2021-2022


Table 59: Eligible Technologies for the SDE++ Subsidy Scheme, Netherlands, 2022


Table 60: SDE++ Subsidy Scheme Tender Details, Netherlands, 2021


Table 61: Biofuel Obligations for Fuel Suppliers Based on Energy Content (%),
Netherlands, 2010–2030


Table 62: Renewable Energy Quota Obligation (MWh), Norway, 2017–2035


Table 63: Renewable Energy Auctions, Poland, 2018-2021


Table 64: Upcoming Renewables Capacity Allocations through Auctions, 2021


Table 65: Reference prices for different renewable energy sources, Poland, 2018


Table 66: Renewable Energy Market, Maximum Cost of Installation, Poland, 2020


Table 67: Renewable Energy Loan Beneficiaries, Poland, 2019


Table 68: Energy and Emission Targets, NECP, Portugal, 2021-2030


Table 69: Major targets, RNC 2050, Portugal


Table 70: First Round Solar PV Auction Result, Portugal, 2019


Table 71: Second Round Solar PV Auction Result, Portugal, 2020


Table 72: Renewable Energy Auctions, Portugal, 2019-2022


Table 73: Energy and Emission Targets, NECP, Romania, 2021-2030


Table 74: Allocation of Green Certificates, Romania, 2022


Table 75: Renewable Power Capacity Addition Targets by Technology (MW),
2021-2024


Table 76: Minimum Local Content Requirement (%), Russia, 2014–2021


Table 77: Minimum Local Content Requirement (%), Russia, 2021–2024


Table 78: Renewable Energy Auction, Russia, 2013- 2020


Table 79: Electricity Generation (GWh) outlook according to Draft ES-2035,
Russia


Table 80: Energy and Emission Targets, NECP, Slovakia, 2021-2030


Table 81: Energy and Emission Targets, NECP, Slovenia, 2021-2030


Table 82: Result of First Round of Auctions, Group I, Slovenia, 2020


Table 83: Result of First Round of Auctions, Group II, Slovenia, 2020


Table 84: Result of Second Round of Auctions, Slovenia, 2020


Table 85: Renewable Energy Capacity Additions (MW), NECP, Spain, 2021-2030


Table 86: Targets under EU Hydrogen Strategy and Spain’s Hydrogen Roadmap,
2020-2050


Table 87: Renewable Energy Auctions, Spain, 2016-2021


Table 88: Funds allocated by IDAE by technology (EURm), Spain, 2021-2030


Table 89: Energy and Emission Targets, NECP, Sweden


Table 90: Renewable Energy Quota Obligation (MWh), Sweden, 2019–2035


Table 91: Renewable Energy Targets, Turkey, 2023


Table 92: Renewable Energy Feed-in Tariffs, Turkey, 2021


Table 93: Renewable Energy Auctions, Turkey, 2017-2019


Table 94: Renewable Obligation, Technology Eligibility, UK


Table 95: Renewable Obligation, Technology Eligibility, UK


Table 96: Renewable Obligation (ROC/MWh), UK, 2009–2023


Table 97: Renewable Energy, CfD First Allocation Round Results, UK, 2015


Table 98: Renewable Energy, CfD Second Allocation Round Results, UK, 2017


Table 99: Renewable Energy, CfD Third Allocation Round Results, UK, 2019


Table 100: Climate Change Levy (GBP/kWh or /kg), UK, 2016–2021


Table 101: Percentage Discount for CCA holders (%), UK, 2016–2021


Table 102: Carbon Price Support Rates* for Climate Change Levy, UK, 2015–2021


Table 103: Smart Export Guarantee Tariff, UK, 2022


Table 104: Feed-in Tariff (EUR/KWh), Ukraine, 2022


Table 105: Abbreviations




FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

 *  * Which are the key countries supporting the Europe renewable energy policy?
      
      * Some of the key countries supporting the Europe renewable energy policy
        are Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark,
        Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Norway,
        Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
        Switzerland, Turkey, the UK, and Ukraine.
        
        
      


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