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PUBLISH-SUBSCRIBE

Component:
NServiceBus
NuGet Package:
NServiceBus (7.7)
CHANGE CHANGE VERSION
 * NServiceBus 8-pre
 * NServiceBus 7.7
 * NServiceBus 7.6
 * NServiceBus 7.4 - 7.5
 * NServiceBus 7.2 - 7.3
 * NServiceBus 7.x - 7.1


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Article navigation
 * Publish-Subscribe
    * Mechanics
       * All subscribers gets their own copy of the event
       * Message-driven (persistence-based)
          * Subscribe
          * Publish
             * Disabling publishing
         
          * Native
             * Subscribe
             * Publish
   
    * Samples
    * Related Articles

NServiceBus has a built in implementation of the Publish-subscribe pattern.

> publish–subscribe is a messaging pattern where senders of messages, called
> publishers, do not program the messages to be sent directly to specific
> receivers, called subscribers. Instead, published messages are characterized
> into classes, without knowledge of what, if any, subscribers there may be.
> Similarly, subscribers express interest in one or more classes, and only
> receive messages that are of interest, without knowledge of what, if any,
> publishers there are.

Or in simpler terms

> Subscribers let the publisher know they're interested, and the publisher
> stores their addresses so that it knows where to send which message.


MECHANICS

Depending on the features provided by a given transport there are two possible
implementations of Publish-Subscribe mechanics: message-driven
(persistence-based) and native.

For simplicity these explanations refer to specific endpoints as "Subscribers"
and "Publishers". However in reality any endpoint can be both a publisher and/or
and a subscriber.


ALL SUBSCRIBERS GETS THEIR OWN COPY OF THE EVENT

To ensure that each subscriber can process, and potentially retry, the event
independent of other subscribers, NServiceBus makes sure that each subscriber
gets a copy of the published event delivered to their input queue.


MESSAGE-DRIVEN (PERSISTENCE-BASED)

Message-driven publish-subscribe is controlled by subscribe and unsubscribe
system messages sent by the subscriber to the publisher. The message-driven
publish-subscribe implementation is used by the unicast transports. These
transports are limited to unicast (point-to-point) communication and have to
simulate multicast delivery via a series of point-to-point communications.

SUBSCRIBE

The subscribe workflow for unicast transports is as follows

 1. Subscribers request to a publisher the intent to subscribe to certain
    message types.
 2. Publisher stores both the subscriber names and the message types in the
    persistence.

Subscriber1Subscriber2PublisherPersistenceSubscribe to Message1Store
"Subscriber1 wants Message1"Subscribe to Message1Store "Subscriber2 wants
Message1"

The publisher's address is provided via routing configuration.

PUBLISH

Message-driven publish-subscribe relies on the publisher having access to a
persistent store for maintaining the mapping between message types and their
subscribers.

Available subscription persisters include

 * MSMQ
 * RavenDB
 * NHibernate
 * Non-Durable
 * Azure Storage
 * SQL Server

The publish workflow for unicast transports is as follows:

 1. Some code (e.g. a saga or a handler) requests that a message be published.
 2. Publisher queries the storage for a list of subscribers.
 3. Publisher loops through the list and sends a copy of that message to each
    subscriber.

Subscriber1Subscriber2PublisherPersistencePublish Message1 occursRequests "who
wants Message1"Subscriber1 and Subscriber2Send Message1Send Message1

DISABLING PUBLISHING

By default, NServiceBus requires a subscription persister to be configured. If
an endpoint does not publish any events, the publish functionality can be
disabled to avoid providing a subscription persister:

Copy code|Copy usings|Edit

var transportConfiguration = endpointConfiguration.UseTransport<TransportDefinition>();
transportConfiguration.DisablePublishing();



NATIVE

For multicast transports that support publish–subscribe natively neither
persistence nor control message exchange is required to complete the
publish-subscribe workflow.

SUBSCRIBE

The subscribe workflow for multicast transports is as follows

 1. Subscribers send request to the broker with the intent to subscribe to
    certain message types.
 2. Broker stores the subscription information.

Note that in this case the publisher does not interact in the subscribe
workflow.

Subscriber1Subscriber2BrokerPublisherSubscribe to Message1Subscribe to Message1

PUBLISH

The publish workflow for multicast transports is as follows

 1. Some code (e.g. a saga or a handler) request that a message be published.
 2. Publisher sends the message to the Broker.
 3. Broker sends a copy of that message to each subscriber.

Subscriber1Subscriber2TransportPublisherPublish Message1 occursSends
Message1Send Message1Send Message1


SAMPLES

 * Publish/Subscribe
   Sample code related to publish/subscribe.


RELATED ARTICLES

 * Controlling What Is Subscribed
   When applying the publish-subscribe pattern, there are several ways to
   control what messages are subscribed to.
 * Message Headers
   List of built-in NServiceBus message headers.
 * Messages, events and commands
   Messages, events, and commands and how to define them.
 * MSMQ Subscription Authorization
   Managing authorization of subscribers in the MSMQ Transport.
 * NServiceBus Step-by-step
   Learn how to use NServiceBus quickly with this step-by-step tutorial,
   including the architectural concepts behind it.
 * Publish and Handle an Event
   How to define, publish, and handle events.




Last modified 5 days ago

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IN THIS ARTICLE

 * Publish-Subscribe
    * Mechanics
       * All subscribers gets their own copy of the event
       * Message-driven (persistence-based)
          * Subscribe
          * Publish
             * Disabling publishing
         
          * Native
             * Subscribe
             * Publish
   
    * Samples
    * Related Articles

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