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MAVERICK CITIZEN
JUSTICE FOR THULANI
THULANI MASEKO ASSASSINATION — ALLEGATIONS OF SA ‘MERCENARY INVOLVEMENT’, AND A
WITNESS DETAILS SUSPICIOUS POLICE ACTIVITIES
Human rights defender and lawyer Thulani Maseko. (Screenshot: YouTube)
By Daily Maverick Reporters
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03 Mar 2023
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ALTHOUGH THERE IS STILL NO INDEPENDENT INVESTIGATION INTO THE ASSASSINATION OF
SWAZILAND HUMAN RIGHTS ACTIVIST THULANI MASEKO, AND THE ESWATINI GOVERNMENT
SEEMS TO SEE NO NEED TO PRIORITISE ITS OWN INVESTIGATION, THERE ARE PLENTY OF
CLUES. ALTHOUGH DENYING MASEKO WAS ON IT, AN ESWATINI REGISTERED SECURITY
COMPANY, OWNED BY A SOUTH AFRICAN, ADMITS IT HAS A HIT LIST OF ‘TERRORISTS’.
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Last week Maverick Citizen reported on the snail’s pace of investigation into
the murder of Swaziland human rights lawyer Thulani Maseko. We noted the
timidity of SADC to enforce an investigation and the lack of political
commitment of the Mswati autocracy to investigate itself. But in the midst of
this, the call for “Justice for Thulani” grows across the world.
Read more in Daily Maverick: Who killed Thulani Maseko? The deafening silence
from Eswatini and SADC about a serious investigation
JOIN THE 230 000 SOUTH AFRICANS WHO READ FIRST THING NEWSLETTER.
Subscribe for free today
However, colleagues of Maseko fear that, while there are leads that could be
pursued in an investigation, there is a danger that the trail can go cold or
that evidence and witnesses may be tampered with. To prevent this, lawyers and
activists have started gathering and preserving some of the evidence surrounding
the assassination.
For example, Maverick Citizen has a copy of a damning sworn affidavit signed by
one of Maseko’s relatives, detailing what he witnessed when he arrived at the
Maseko homestead within minutes of the shooting.
The affidavit, by a person whose name we are withholding for their protection,
details how late at night, after witnessing the murder scene, the relative set
off on a motorbike to try to alert the police. He claims that within minutes he
came upon a suspicious black BMW (whose number plate he partially recalls)
parked on the dirt road leading to Maseko’s house, and soon after that two
police vehicles, one of them marked, parked on the side of the main road.
“The Police Officers wore full police uniform, and they were carrying
semi-automated [sic] rifles,” says the affidavit.
Although the two police vehicles then accompanied him to the scene of the murder
(one of them apparently knowing where to locate the house), they turned down his
request to go in pursuit of the BMW.
“Upon arrival at Thulani’s place, I approached the Police Officers and informed
them of my suspicions of the BMW car. I asked if it is possible to go after the
BMW car. They informed me that they cannot go; when I insisted they told me to
take pictures of the licence plate of the car and that they will be right behind
me. I felt defeated and decided to go alone.”
The witness was unable to find the BMW so returned to the house where he says he
found more police as well as forensics officers.
“After the police and forensics had left, the group of us who remained there
started cleaning the place. This entailed, among other things, sweeping and
mopping the blood and cleaning his brains off the couch and floor.”
Finally, the person details how he fled Swaziland the next morning, “after one
Maseko neighbour told me to leave the area immediately as I had seen too much,
which I interpreted to mean my life would be in danger”.
Bastion Security’s Arnold Jacobus Pienaar. (Photo: Facebook)
THE SOUTH AFRICAN CONNECTION
In the days immediately after the killing, the Swaziland News, an independent
online newspaper edited by Zweli Martin Dlamini, who has been declared a
“terrorist” by the Swazi government and is exiled in SA, named a South African
security specialist, Arnold Jacobus Pienaar, as being directly linked to the
killing.
Pienaar is a director of Bastion Security, a company registered in Eswatini,
whose militaristic website, patterned like the barrel of a gun, says its head
office is at the Old Country Club premises in Mhlambanyatsi (just outside
Mbabane). In South Africa, Pienaar is listed by the Companies and Intellectual
Property Commission (CIPC) as the director of Armator Security, a company which
does not have a website and is not registered with the Private Security Industry
Regulatory Authority.
Read: King Mswati’s apartheid mercenaries killing civilians must be dealt with
decisively
The allegation that Pienaar may be part of the murder plot has been repeated in
other media, including the Times of Swaziland which, the day after the murder,
carried a front-page report headlined: “Govt hires military expert for Special
Missions”. It named Bastion Security and Pienaar as “formally training a
counter-terrorism unit of the State security agencies”.
Read: Govt hires military expert for special missions
The best picture we have of Pienaar comes from a January 2023 article in SA
Forestry online which says he was recruited by Montigny Investments, a timber
company founded by Swaziland’s current minister of finance, Neal Rijkenberg, and
that before that he had worked for a security company in Iraq purely for his
“military expertise”.
In the UK, The Times, following up on allegations made in the Eswatini media,
interviewed Pienaar, and says he “vigorously denied” being responsible for
Maseko’s murder, while still admitting that Bastion Security is working for King
Mswati III and has a “list of terrorists”.
According to the article by Jane Flanagan, the Times’ Africa correspondent:
“Bastion Security, founded by Arno Pienaar who served in the SA army during
apartheid and later worked in Iraq, confirmed that his firm had signed a
security agreement with the King last year…
“‘We do training, it is nonsense that we are a hit squad or mercenaries,’ he
told the Times. After working in Swaziland for a number of years defending
commercial forests from arson attacks, Pienaar said he had struck up a
relationship with the king and offered to help with worsening security.
“‘I could see that the security forces were totally untrained for the job of
dealing with terrorists,’” he said. ‘The narrative that people are being jailed
for peaceful protests is crap. They are terrorists and choose violence, they are
not freedom fighters.’
“Rather than being the extravagant tyrant as often depicted, Pienaar considered
the king ‘to be far too soft on what has been brewing for a very long time’.
“He blamed Maseko’s death on ‘an inside job’, a power struggle within the
movement. ‘I have worked all over Africa, that’s how it works here. There is
always in-fighting. There was no reason to kill him, he was not on our list of
terrorists,’ he said, adding that records put all his men and vehicles nowhere
near the murder scene in Luhleko.”
Coincidentally, Pienaar’s claim that Maseko was killed by his own comrades has
also been made by the Eswatini prime minister, who told the SADC Troika in
January that “the proponents of unconstitutional change would have had the most
to gain from his death as he attracted international recognition”.
This argument also appears to be part of a misinformation campaign being driven
by anonymous websites, including one called The Hidden Side, an anonymous blog
hosted on medium.com, which publishes Swazi anti-democracy movement stories. For
example, on 23 January, The Hidden Side made an unsubstantiated claim that
Swaziland News editor Dlamini and Pedumo (People’s United Democratic Movement)
President Mlungisi Makhanya were behind the murder.
Recently questions about Pienaar’s role intensified after it was revealed that
he had been granted Swazi citizenship in response to a direct request from King
Mswati III.
Describing him as “Mswati’s chief assassin” the Swaziland Solidarity Network
claimed that by doing so “the king has violated his very Constitution, which
makes it clear in chapter 45, section (3), that the prequalifying condition for
granting of citizenship to a foreigner is that the person must be ‘A person who
is ordinarily resident in Swaziland and has been so resident for a period of at
least ten years and whose application is supported by a Chief after consultation
with bandlancane (chief’s inner council) or supported by three reputable
citizens, may be registered as a citizen.”
Daily Maverick sent detailed questions to Arnold Pienaar at his official email
address at Bastion Security asking for a response to these allegations. No
response was received.
(Image: Supplied)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Visit Daily Maverick’s home page for more news, analysis and investigations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
REGULATING ROGUE SECURITY COMPANIES
In the light of allegations about the involvement of private South African-based
security companies in suppressing pro-democracy activists in Eswatini,
(“mercenaries” is the word they use) questions are being asked about how South
Africa regulates and monitors such companies, and whether their activities are
in breach of South African law.
For example, a 22 January statement from the Letfu Sonkhe Institute of Strategic
Thinking and Development, another Eswatini think-tank that is based in exile,
reads:
“The role of SA mercenaries in Swaziland requires urgent investigation by the SA
government and Parliament. Paramilitary groups hired by the government of the
Kingdom of Eswatini in collaboration with white-owned companies in the forestry
industry are actively leading the clandestine execution of suspects and
activists. … Leftu Sonkhe therefore appeals to the authorities in SA and the
regional body SADC to help intervene with a peacekeeping mission.”
In response to questions about the government’s position on such activities,
Dirco spokesperson Clayson Monyela said: “The South African law (the Prohibition
of Mercenary Activities and Regulation of Certain Activities in Country of Armed
Conflict Act 27 of 2006) is very clear that mercenary activities are a criminal
offence. Any South African who is found to be involved in such activities would
have to be arrested and face the full might of the law.”
In addition, the legal department of the Private Security Industry Regulatory
Authority (PSiRA), told us that Bastion Security, Armator Security and Armator
Solutions were not registered with PSiRA:
“A search based solely on the business name provides three possible options;
however, the three we have listed are all withdrawn.”
They added, however, that “in the absence of a PSiRA number, the search can have
a lot of parameters that influence the correctness of the findings, ie, the name
might have different acronyms or additions”.
According to PSiRA “a database of all security businesses and individuals is
publicly available at www.psira.co.za)”. PSiRA drew our attention to the Private
Security Industry Regulation Act 56 of 2001, where section 39 states that “any
action constituting an offence in terms of this Act which is committed outside
the Republic by any security service provider, registered or obliged to be
registered in terms of the Act, is deemed to be committed in the Republic.”
“Citizens can submit their complaints by emailing Complaints@psira.co.za. In the
instance of a complaint based on a security company it will be sent to our law
enforcement division, an inspector will be assigned to investigate the matter
and provide feedback to the complainant.”
GROWING GLOBAL DEMANDS FOR AN INDEPENDENT INVESTIGATION
In the face of the facts that are known so far, and others in Maverick Citizen’s
possession which we have chosen not to publish yet, more than 180 organisations
have submitted a petition urging the government of Eswatini to act. The petition
has also been sent to the African Union, SADC, United Nations and governments
globally. It calls on the government of Eswatini to:
1. “Immediately allow for an internationally supported panel that will conduct
a thorough, independent and expeditious investigation into the circumstances
of the killing of Thulani Maseko.
2. “Release all political prisoners and refrain from the excessive use of force
to disperse protesters and from the routine arbitrary arrests and killing of
peaceful protesters and those expressing opposing views.
3. “Immediately revoke the contracts and halt the policy and practice of the
hiring of private military companies to ‘engage’ protesters and
pro-democracy activists, deeming them terrorists, and thus, ‘legitimate
targets’ for elimination.
4. “Immediately end the violent rhetoric against pro-democracy activists and
human rights defenders.” DM/MC
This is an ongoing investigation. Any person with relevant information can
contact us at investigations@dailymaverick.co.za
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* Arno Pienaar
* Bastion Security
* Montigny Investments
* Mswati III
* Neal Rijkenberg
* Swaziland News
* Thulani Maseko
* Times of Swaziland
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Functional
Functional
Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the
content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other
third-party features.
CookieDurationDescription__atuvc1 year 1 monthThis cookie is set by Addthis to
make sure you see the updated count if you share a page and return to it before
our share count cache is updated.__atuvs30 minutesThis cookie is set by Addthis
to make sure you see the updated count if you share a page and return to it
before our share count cache is updated.__cf_bm30 minutesThis cookie is set by
CloudFlare. The cookie is used to support Cloudflare Bot Management.__pvi1
dayThis cookie is used for the implementation of the news content from other
sites.bcookie2 yearsThis cookie is set by linkedIn. The purpose of the cookie is
to enable LinkedIn functionalities on the page.lidc1 dayThis cookie is set by
LinkedIn and used for routing.
Performance
Performance
Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance
indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for
the visitors.
CookieDurationDescriptiond3 monthsThis cookie tracks anonymous information on
how visitors use the website.
Analytics
Analytics
Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the
website. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of
visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc.
CookieDurationDescription__gads1 year 24 daysThis cookie is set by Google and
stored under the name dounleclick.com. This cookie is used to track how many
times users see a particular advert which helps in measuring the success of the
campaign and calculate the revenue generated by the campaign. These cookies can
only be read from the domain that it is set on so it will not track any data
while browsing through another sites._ga2 yearsThis cookie is installed by
Google Analytics. The cookie is used to calculate visitor, session, campaign
data and keep track of site usage for the site's analytics report. The cookies
store information anonymously and assign a randomly generated number to identify
unique visitors._ga_Y7XD5FHQVG2 yearsThis cookie is installed by Google
Analytics._gat_UA-10686674-11 minuteThis is a pattern type cookie set by Google
Analytics, where the pattern element on the name contains the unique identity
number of the account or website it relates to. It appears to be a variation of
the _gat cookie which is used to limit the amount of data recorded by Google on
high traffic volume websites._gid1 dayThis cookie is installed by Google
Analytics. The cookie is used to store information of how visitors use a website
and helps in creating an analytics report of how the website is doing. The data
collected including the number visitors, the source where they have come from,
and the pages visted in an anonymous form.ajs_anonymous_idneverThis cookie is
set by Segment.io to check the number of ew and returning visitors to the
website.ajs_user_idneverThe cookie is set by Segment.io and is used to analyze
how you use the websiteANON_ID3 monthsThis cookie is provided by Tribalfusion.
The cookie is used to give a unique number to visitors, and collects data on
user behaviour like what page have been visited. This cookie also helps to
understand which sale has been generated by as a result of the advertisement
served by third party.jam_heavy_ga_session5 yearsThis cookie is installed by
Google Analytics.UserID13 monthsThe cookie sets a unique anonymous ID for a
website visitor. This ID is used to continue to identify users across different
sessions and track their activities on the website. The data collected is used
for analysis.uvc1 year 1 monthThe cookie is set by addthis.com to determine the
usage of Addthis.com service.
Advertisement
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marketing campaigns. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect
information to provide customized ads.
CookieDurationDescription__tbc2 yearsThis cookie is used for measuring the
efficiency of advertisement by registering data on visitors from multiple
website._cc_aud8 months 26 daysThe cookie is set by crwdcntrl.net. The purpose
of the cookie is to collect statistical information in an anonymous form about
the visitors of the website. The data collected include number of visits,
average time spent on the website, and the what pages have been loaded. These
data are then used to segment audiences based on the geographical location,
demographic, and user interest provide relevant content and for advertisers for
targeted advertising._cc_ccsessionThe cookie is set by crwdcntrl.net. The
purpose of the cookie is to collect statistical information in an anonymous form
about the visitors of the website. The data collected include number of visits,
average time spent on the website, and the what pages have been loaded. These
data are then used to segment audiences based on the geographical location,
demographic, and user interest provide relevant content and for advertisers for
targeted advertising._cc_dc8 months 26 daysThe cookie is set by crwdcntrl.net.
The purpose of the cookie is to collect statistical information in an anonymous
form about the visitors of the website. The data collected include number of
visits, average time spent on the website, and the what pages have been loaded.
These data are then used to segment audiences based on the geographical
location, demographic, and user interest provide relevant content and for
advertisers for targeted advertising._cc_id8 months 26 daysThe cookie is set by
crwdcntrl.net. The purpose of the cookie is to collect statistical information
in an anonymous form about the visitors of the website. The data collected
include number of visits, average time spent on the website, and the what pages
have been loaded. These data are then used to segment audiences based on the
geographical location, demographic, and user interest provide relevant content
and for advertisers for targeted advertising._kuid_5 months 27 daysThe cookie is
set by Krux Digital under the domain krxd.net. The cookie stores a unique ID to
identify a returning user for the purpose of targeted advertising._rxuuid1
yearThe main purpose of this cookie is targeting, advertesing and effective
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third party advertisers to target the visitors with relevant advertisement up to
1 year.ANON_ID_old3 monthsThis cookie helps to categorise the users interest and
to create profiles in terms of resales of targeted marketing. This cookie is
used to collect user information such as what pages have been viewed on the
website for creating profiles.bscookie2 yearsThis cookie is a browser ID cookie
set by Linked share Buttons and ad tags.CMID1 yearThe cookie is set by
CasaleMedia. The cookie is used to collect information about the usage behavior
for targeted advertising.CMPRO3 monthsThis cookie is set by Casalemedia and is
used for targeted advertisement purposes.CMPS3 monthsThis cookie is set by
Casalemedia and is used for targeted advertisement purposes.CMST1 dayThe cookie
is set by CasaleMedia. The cookie is used to collect information about the usage
behavior for targeted advertising.DSID1 hourThis cookie is setup by
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to users and are stored under doubleclick.net. It contains an encrypted unique
ID.google_push5 minutesThis cookie is set by the Bidswitch. This cookie is used
to collect statistical data related to the user website visit such as the number
of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded.
This collected information is used to sort out the users based on demographics
and geographical locations inorder to serve them with relevant online
advertising.i1 yearThe purpose of the cookie is not known yet.id3 monthsThe main
purpose of this cookie is targeting and advertising. It is used to create a
profile of the user's interest and to show relevant ads on their site. This
Cookie is set by DoubleClick which is owned by Google.IDE1 year 24 daysUsed by
Google DoubleClick and stores information about how the user uses the website
and any other advertisement before visiting the website. This is used to present
users with ads that are relevant to them according to the user profile.IDSYNC1
yearThis cookie is used for advertising purposes.KADUSERCOOKIE3 monthsThe cookie
is set by pubmatic.com for identifying the visitors' website or device from
which they visit PubMatic's partners' website.KTPCACOOKIE1 dayThis cookie is set
by pubmatic.com for the purpose of checking if third-party cookies are enabled
on the user's website.ljt_reader1 yearThis is a Lijit Advertising Platform
cookie. The cookie is used for recognizing the browser or device when users
return to their site or one of their partner's site.loc1 year 1 monthThis cookie
is set by Addthis. This is a geolocation cookie to understand where the users
sharing the information are located.mc1 year 1 monthThis cookie is associated
with Quantserve to track anonymously how a user interact with the
website.mt_mop1 monthStores information about how the user uses the website such
as what pages have been loaded and any other advertisement before visiting the
website for the purpose of targeted advertisements.personalization_id2 yearsThis
cookie is set by twitter.com. It is used integrate the sharing features of this
social media. It also stores information about how the user uses the website for
tracking and targeting.suid_legacy1 yearThis cookie is used to collect
information on user preference and interactioin with the website campaign
content. This cookie is used for promoting events and products by the webiste
owners on CRM-campaign-platform.TDCPM1 yearThe cookie is set by CloudFlare
service to store a unique ID to identify a returning users device which then is
used for targeted advertising.TDID1 yearThe cookie is set by CloudFlare service
to store a unique ID to identify a returning users device which then is used for
targeted advertising.test_cookie15 minutesThis cookie is set by doubleclick.net.
The purpose of the cookie is to determine if the user's browser supports
cookies.tluid3 monthsThis cookie is set by the provider AdRoll.This cookie is
used to identify the visitor and to serve them with relevant ads by collecting
user behaviour from multiple websites.tuuid1 yearThis cookie is set by
.bidswitch.net. The cookies stores a unique ID for the purpose of the
determining what adverts the users have seen if you have visited any of the
advertisers website. The information is used for determining when and how often
users will see a certain banner.tuuid_lu1 yearThis cookie is set by
.bidswitch.net. The cookies stores a unique ID for the purpose of the
determining what adverts the users have seen if you have visited any of the
advertisers website. The information is used for determining when and how often
users will see a certain banner.uid5 months 27 daysThis cookie is used to
measure the number and behavior of the visitors to the website anonymously. The
data includes the number of visits, average duration of the visit on the
website, pages visited, etc. for the purpose of better understanding user
preferences for targeted advertisments.uuid1 year 27 daysTo optimize ad
relevance by collecting visitor data from multiple websites such as what pages
have been loaded.VISITOR_INFO1_LIVE5 months 27 daysThis cookie is set by
Youtube. Used to track the information of the embedded YouTube videos on a
website.wfivefivec1 year 1 monthThe domain of this cookie is owned by Dataxu.
The main business activity of this cookie is targeting and advertising. This
cookie tracks the advertisement report which helps us to improve the marketing
activity.xbc2 yearsThis cookie is used for optmizing the advertisement on the
website more relevant by analysing the user behaviour and interaction with the
website.YSCsessionThis cookies is set by Youtube and is used to track the views
of embedded videos.
Others
Others
Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been
classified into a category as yet.
CookieDurationDescription__browsiSessionID30 minutesNo description
available.__browsiUID1 yearNo description available.__cflb23 hoursThis cookie is
used by Cloudflare for load balancing.__gpi1 year 24 daysNo
descriptionajs_group_idneverThis cookie is set by Segment.io. The purpose of the
cookie is currently not identified.blkbs6 days 23 hoursNo
descriptioncharitable_session1 dayNo description available.cookietestsessionNo
descriptiondebugneverNo description available.gCStest7 years 1 month 26 days 16
hoursNo descriptionmuc_ads2 yearsNo descriptionrevengine_browser_idsessionNo
descriptionrevengine-browser-tokensessionRevEngine Data Tool.rl_user_idneverNo
description available.tf_respondent_cc6 monthsNo descriptionUserMatchHistory1
monthLinkedin - Used to track visitors on multiple websites, in order to present
relevant advertisement based on the visitor's preferences.vic_loc_error10
minutesNo descriptionvicinity_id1 year 10 months 24 days 11 hoursVicinity
Advertising.
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