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74.115.51.9  Public Scan

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GET /apps/search

<form id="wsite-header-search-form" action="/apps/search" method="get">
  <input type="text" name="q" class="wsite-search-input" autocomplete="off" placeholder="Search"><span class="wsite-search-button"><span class="wsite-search-button-inner"></span></span>
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 * Blog

5/30/2023


DIDI XIMALAYA LINKDOC US

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Those measures, which came into force on June 1 last year and are backed by
China’s National Security Law and its Cybersecurity Law, empower it to probe
firms deemed to operate “critical information infrastructure.” But it marks the
first time the nation’s year-old cybersecurity review measures have been
publicly enacted. which it ordered to stop registering new users.ĬAC has made no
specific allegations about the firms, all of which listed on U.S. On Monday the
probe widened to online recruitment platform Boss Zhipin, run by Kanzhun Ltd.,
and Yunmanman and Huochebang - two truck-booking apps run by Full Truck Alliance
Co. plunged this week after the Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC) first
announced a probe of the firm’s national security and cybersecurity risks, and
then ordered the ride-hailing giant’s app to be removed from local app stores,
all within days of its $4.4 billion U.S. The planned rule changes would allow
regulators to block a Chinese company from listing overseas even if the unit
selling shares is incorporated outside China, closing a loophole long-used by
the country’s technology giants.Ĭhinese technology stocks were routed after the
announcement, continuing a trend that has seen some $823 billion wiped from
their market value since a February peak, amid a raft of regulatory hits
spanning financial risk, privacy, antitrust, and now national security. China
will toughen laws and regulations on the management of confidential information
and hold publicly traded companies accountable for keeping their data secure, it
said. The document pledged to step up oversight of cross-border data flows, a
long-running policy trend which is likely to create additional hurdles for
private Chinese firms operating and listing overseas. The delay comes after the
general offices of China’s ruling Communist Party and State Council published a
document Tuesday announcing tightened scrutiny of domestic companies’ overseas
share sales and data security. LinkDoc was slated to price its offering on
Thursday, aiming to raise as much as $211 million.

listing since a Chinese regulator announced national security and cybersecurity
probes of three freshly listed Chinese technology firms this month, including
ride-hailing giant Didi. LinkDoc is the first company known to have pulled out
of a U.S. IPO as the fallout from China’s crackdown on data-rich companies
listing overseas continues.Ī spokesperson for Tiger Brokers, one of the
underwriters of the Linkdoc deal, confirmed the listing had been suspended,
telling Caixin that Tiger customers who had signed up to buy the shares had been
notified. Alibaba-backed medical data firm LinkDoc Technology Ltd.

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5/30/2023


SCREEN SNAPSHOT SAMSUNG S7

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Once installed we can return to the first step of this tutorial. The permissions
that will be required for any screen recording application are “Access to
multimedia content and files”, the permission to “Record video and audio” and
the “Show above” permission is optional if you want to have a floating window
with the controls of record, microphone, stop, etc. To do this we go to our
application store either Play Store, Galaxy Store or any other that we use on
our Samsung Galaxy S7 edge and search for “screen recorder”, we must bear in
mind that any free application that we download will contain advertising, and we
must not download any application that ask us for excessive permissions such as
access to Bluetooth, contacts or the camera. Your Samsung Galaxy S7 edge do not
have Google Play or Galaxy Store?Ĭheck the following article to learn how to
install applications without Google Play from alternative stores and how to
install Google Play if your Galaxy S7 edge does not have it incorporated Google
Play alternatives. In the event that the screen recording icon is not available
and that simultaneously pressing the volume up and power buttons on the Samsung
Galaxy S7 edge does not start the video recording, we will have to download an
application from the application store to perform this action. If the Samsung
Galaxy S7 edge does not have the option to record screen If, on the contrary,
what you want is to take a screenshot of your Samsung Galaxy S7 edge in a still
image instead of video, click on the following link and follow the indicated
steps Capture screen on Samsung Galaxy S7 edge To make this recording in your
Samsung Galaxy S7 edge follow these steps: Until now there is no native method
built into Android (the Samsung Galaxy S7 edge comes from the factory with the
operating system Android 6.0 (Marshmallow)| upgradable to 7.0 (Nougat)) to
videotape the screen so you have to use the Game Launcher application from
Samsung or third-party applications.

Sometimes we would like to record on video with sound a story that we have seen
on Instagram of an acquaintance, a phone call or video call with a family member
to keep it as a souvenir or to use it as evidence or a TikTok video. Recording
the screen of your mobile/cell phone Samsung Galaxy S7 edge in a video with
sound can be very useful to perform a tutorial or show an acquaintance how to
perform certain tasks in a Samsung Galaxy S7 edge, save in a video file and then
send it or upload it to a platform like YouTube or social networks. How to
record the screen of a Samsung Galaxy S7 edge

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5/30/2023


SAVITAR FUTURE BARRY

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When Julian found it in India however Savitar was able to establish a link with
Julian and would periodically possess him, making him the new Alchemy of
Earth-1. Through the Speed Fore Savitar communicated with Julian Albert in the
year 2012 in the form of his dead sister Emma, telling him about the stone and
claiming that it could reunite them. After spending centuries there losing his
mind Savitar sought to escape and ensure the final stage of ensuring his
existence, the death of Iris West. However much to Savitar's surprise Flash used
a device called the Speed Force bazooka that trapped him within a prison in the
Speed Force itself, where Savitar relived his worst memory over and over again.
While slaughtering the rest of them, Savitar spared his younger self so he could
continue the loop. It was during this fight that Flash created the time remnants
that included Savitar's younger self. He became infamous among other veteran
speedsters such as Jay Garrick/The Flash.Īfter successfully building his
reputation as a god, Savitar then traveled back to 2020 to seek revenge on his
prime self for his neglect and challenged him. Eventually Savitar was hailed as
the "God of Speed" and the "ruler" of the Speed Force. Additionally, any
speedster he believed could be a challenge to him he would seek out and kill.

Before arriving on each Earth he would possess somebody and under the alias
"Alchemy" would rally followers and would seek out and bestow metahuman powers
upon anyone willing to serve him, then laying waste to each Earth. Savitar then
started travelling through the Multiverse and on each Earth traveled back to
ancient times to spread the myth that he was the first speedster. He also
acquired the Philosopher's stone an object originating from the Speed Force,
capable of creating metahumans. After this Barry came to the realization that
Savitar was in fact his own future self and accepted his destiny, renaming
himself "Savitar" after the Hindu God of Motion. Barry then designed a suit of
armor to contain the energy released when he runs and protect himself from being
ripped apart, drawing inspiration from Savitar's armor. However he became so
fast that prolonged running would start to rip his body apart and one of these
instances left a large scar on the side of his face. Travelling through time and
space Barry began physically augmenting his speed to unimaginable levels that
surpassed that of his prime self. Grief stricken from Iris' death and isolated
from his family and friends Barry was driven insane and sought to end his pain,
coming to a realization that "God feels no pain" and aspired to become one.

After surviving his encounter Barry was shunned by his prime self, Joe, Wally
and Cisco for not being the "true Barry Allen", and was disregarded as a time
aberration and a "disposable hero". However the prime Barry failed to defeat
Savitar who slaughtered all the time remnants except for this one. Savitar was
one of the many time remnants of the original Barry Allen/The Flash from a
possible future in the year 2020 or 2021 in the Post-Flashpoint timeline,
created to help him fight his enemy Savitar in vengeance for killing their
fiancee Iris West.

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5/30/2023


SILENT HILL OST ANOTHER TOMORROW

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Best Sellers Rank: 188,226 in CDs & Vinyl ( See Top 100 in CDs & Vinyl) 3,918.
If anyone is interested in listening to this earlier copy of the Extended
Version of "Not Tomorrow, " send me a PM. Product Dimensions : 12.32 x 12.28 x
0.43 inches 1.21 Pounds. But wait there s more Theres another key component of
this strategy. silenthill-originalsoundtrack-2003 Scanner Internet Archive HTML5
Uploader 1.6. Since this mp3 was released on the internet, several incarnations
of a Complete Soundtrack have passed through the Silent Hill circles, the most
famous of which are Dustfungus' Silent Hill Media, Silent Hill Forum's Complete
OST sections, and most recently The Sound of Silence. Look at Silent Hill
Digital Trends Konami s big Silent Hill plans show how video. This soundtrack
and that of its immediate predecessor, Silent Hill 2. Who knows? Anyway, the
point is that Tamimi's aburpt ending is a direct tribute to that first mp3
version of "Not Tomorrow," a common misunderstanding among newer fans of the
series. You might even go so far as to say it was the first available mp3 of any
in-game music not released on CD. This Extended Version of "Not Tomorrow" was
the first attempt at making a "Complete Soundtrack" of Silent Hill's music,
mostly because the official soundtracks often lacked certain tracks or complete
versions of those tracks. Despite this, the track was promptly placed on the
internet for all fans to download. However, lacking proper editing software,
this extended version was cut-off in an irregular place during the recording.

The purpose was to capture an extended version of "Not Tomorrow," in order to
allow the fans to listen to more than what is on the Original Soundtrack.
Interesting note: In the early days of in-game music ripping, someone tried to
record "Not Tomorrow" in mp3 form. However, i have a minor gripe with the abrupt
ending, however, it can be forgiven.

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5/30/2023


CONVERTER MP3

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With the powerful MP3 converter, you can easily convert MP3 in batch at 5X
faster speed. After that, paste the URL to the search bar of Free MP3 Converter,
and choose MP3 format to download.īest MP3 Converter for Windows, Mac &
AndroidĪnyMusic is the advanced version of Online MP3 Converter for Windows,
Mac, and Android. Firstly, browse and select the song you want, then copy the
URL. The songs to MP3 converter lets you convert MP3 in 2 steps only. In a few
seconds, you can save SoundCloud to MP3 file for free.

Click the button on the right side of the search box. Go to SoundCloud and copy
the URL which you want to download, then paste the link to the corresponding
search box of MP3 Converter. Most SoundCloud users want to download MP3 from
this website, so our MP3 Converter comes! Check how the SoundCloud to MP3
converter works below. To download YouTube to MP3 online, you can directly
search by keywords or paste YouTube URL here, then hit the download button to
save YouTube to MP3.Į.g. So whether you want an audio converter or a YouTube to
MP3 converter, it can meet your needs. When the search results appear on the
interface, select the format you want, both MP3 and MP4 are available.Īs the
best MP3 converter site, we offer a completely free online service without any
ads.

Additionally, you can also paste a link here. It can be a title, TV show, anime,
or music video. It only needs two steps to convert video to MP3 with the free
MP3 Converter.

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5/30/2023


HUGIN MENENDEZ POLLS

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“If these poll results hold, the first person Bob Menendez should thank in his
election night victory speech is Donald Trump,” said Murray. The poll finds that
72% of likely voters say that Trump is a very important factor in their Senate
choice, with Trump opponents (84%) being more likely than Trump supporters (71%)
to feel this way.

Trump gets a negative job rating of 42% approve and 55% disapprove from likely
New Jersey voters. And when it comes to casting a vote in the Senate contest, a
majority (56%) say that their views of Trump are more important than their views
of Menendez (31%). New Jersey’s senior senator does not earn great ratings from
his constituents, but he is certainly in better standing than the president.
Murray added, “I bet the Democrat’s Senate Majority PAC wishes it could take
back the $3 million being spent in New Jersey right now.” This is Monmouth’s
first, and only, likely voter poll of the Garden State’s Senate contest. But the
incumbent has been able to fight back to get the margin into a range that is
closer to the norm for New Jersey,” said Patrick Murray, director of the
independent Monmouth University Polling Institute. Hugin was successful in
making this one competitive by hammering away at Menendez’s ethical baggage.
“Given the national political climate and the big registration advantage enjoyed
by Democrats, you might expect an incumbent senator from New Jersey to be up by
20 points. As a point of comparison, the Democratic candidates in the last three
statewide contests each won their respective races by 14 points (2017 governor,
2016 president, 2014 U.S. All leads in the current likely voter models are
statistically significant. A model projecting lower overall turnout also shows
Menendez with a comfortable lead of 51% to 39%. The incumbent’s lead expands to
50%-39% using a model that incorporates a turnout surge in Democratic areas of
the state. Hugin actually has the advantage among white voters without a college
degree (49%-41%), but this group comprises fewer than 4-in-10 likely voters in
New Jersey. Menendez also has a slight 48%-45% lead among white voters with a
college degree. The largest group of undecided voters is comprised of those from
Latino, black, Asian and other non-white backgrounds (17%), with whom the
incumbent has a formidable 63%-19% lead otherwise. The remaining 8% of likely
voters are undecided. Each receives 1% support while a generic “some other
candidate” – there are an additional four names on the ballot – also receives
1%. The poll also included Libertarian Murray Sabrin and the Green Party’s
Madelyn Hoffman among the list of named candidates. Menendez currently holds a
49% to 40% lead over Hugin among likely voters using Monmouth’s standard midterm
turnout model. Regardless of how they feel about Menendez, voters say that
President Donald Trump is ultimately a bigger factor in their choice for Senate.
While voters tend to hold a negative view of the Democratic incumbent, most feel
that the behavior that led to his recent trial was probably no worse than what
most other politicians do. Senate, according to the latest Monmouth University
Poll. And that’s what is resonating with the people of New Jersey,” he said in a
recent radio appearance.West Long Branch, NJ – Bob Menendez holds a lead of
between 9 and 12 points over Bob Hugin in the former’s bid for a third full term
in the U.S. Hugin frequently cited the allegations against Menendez as a reason
the Democratic hold on the state should end.

At the beginning of 2018, the Department of Justice dismissed all of his
remaining charges. Last year’s corruption trial ended in mistrial in November of
2017 when the jurors were unable to reach a verdict. Menendez, the ranking
member of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, has been hampered by
favorability ratings in the 30s. Senate race presents the most depressing choice
for New Jersey voters in a generation, with two awful candidates whose most
convincing argument is that the other guy is unfit to serve,” the editorial
board wrote. Indeed, the editorial board of the Newark Star-Ledger, in its
endorsement of Menendez, urged voters to “choke it down” and vote for him. “I
think that voters in general are thinking more about the balance of power and
thinking more about their opinions towards Trump than, necessarily, the
individual factors within the New Jersey Senate race,” she said.

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5/30/2023


PARTY ANIMALS PS4 PRICE

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An ongoing analysis of Steam's player numbers, seeing what's been played the
most. Use slash key (/) to focus search from anywhere.Use arrow keys (↑ and ↓)
to navigate suggestions.Enter an appid to be redirected to the app page. This
only suggests apps that have a store page. Mess With Your Friend in 100
Different WaysOr Together You Could Eliminate OthersTeamwork Is Also Highly
Appreciated HereEspecially When Fighting For. Party Animals - JOIN OUR DISCORD
About the Game Make Painfully Great Memories with Your Friends in Party Animals.
Party Animals is a delightfully silly Gang Beasts-esque physics-based
multiplayer fighting game Previously featured on Alpha Beta Gamer when it was
called Happy Nemo, Party Animals is a. Buy Party Animals cheaper on Instant
Gaming, the place to buy your games at the best price with immediate delivery!
Games and DLC Only DLC Only games. Party Animals - (TBD) Hollow Knight: Silksong
- (TBD) God Of War - Jan 14th. Dying Light 2: Stay Human - Feb 4th, 2022. When
will Party Animals come to Playstation 4 and Nintendo. Steam News Community News
Site News Site Updates Suggest News.

How to unlock the Party Animal achievement in influence: Host a network game.
Steam Games Steam Game Series Steam Achievements Popular Achievements Guideless
Achievements Steam Walkthroughs Game Reviews Achievement Solutions. Party
Animals has been blowing up on Twitch ever since a demo was released as a part
of the Steam Game Festival, but is the game coming to PS4?The game was initially
only targeting a PC release, but the developer has recently shared some news
indicating it could come to other platforms like the PlayStation 4 sometime
soon. Is Party Animals Coming to Xbox? - Attack of the Fanboy. Recreate Games'
title has steadily climbed the Steam rankings since its demo was first released
during the. Party Animals is the latest brawler game to win the hearts and minds
of streamers. Partake in family style fun with the Viva Piñata®: Party Animals
demo! One to four players can compete in a sampling of mini-games and races with
your favorite characters from the hit TV show! Get the full game so four players
can gather in the family room or play over Xbox LIVE to compete in 40+
mini-games and over a dozen foot races. New cutesy physics based brawler 'Party
Animals' gets a. Even though the game is scheduled to release later this year.
Party Animals is the newest indie video game to take the world by storm, and it
was showcased during the recent Steam Festival. The game is to unite animals of
different scenarios to them all, once Encourage them all come together on stage
a celebration with balloons and applause hara. Party Animal achievement in
Burnout Paradise Remastered (Xbox One) 1. Party Animal achievement in Burnout
Paradise (Xbox 360) 3. Party Animals trailer, a multiplayer game that's on
steam. Party Animals Download (Last Version) Free PC Game Torrent.



 * Genshin dethrones PUBG Mobile LoL Wild Rift out in Asia.
 * Party Animals PS4 Release Confirmed For Late 2020.
 * Party Animals | The Sims Wiki | Fandom.
 * Steam 'Party Animals' Free Demo Release Info | HYPEBEAST.

 * Is Party Animals Coming to Nintendo Switch? | Attack of.Party Animal
   achievement in Katana ZERO.Buy Party Animal FULL - Microsoft Store.When will
   Party Animals come to Playstation 4 and Nintendo.Is Party Animals Coming to
   Xbox? - Attack of the Fanboy.New cutesy physics based brawler 'Party Animals'
   gets a.Party Animals trailer, a multiplayer game that's on steam.Getting a
   great PS4 controller price is a deal that will easily pay for itself over a
   short space of time. An extra PS4 controller lets you bring in more players,
   and ensures you always have a spare charged and ready. And they've had a
   design refresh since their initial conception too, adding the stylish front
   light strip, improved battery life, and more durable rubber on the analogs.
   There's a great range of styles and colors available so there's something for
   everyone's tastes. The DualShock represents the most reliable, best built,
   most comfortable, and ergonomic, and generally, the best way to enjoy PS4
   games - think of how some PS4 games incorporate the controller's mini speaker
   sometimes. To broaden the options, though, we've got you covered for the
   official Sony DualShock 4 and a few of the best options from third-party
   manufacturers too, some with some cool extra features if you fancy something
   a little different that can double-up as a PC controller, or maybe a
   money-saving cheap PS4 controller instead.Īll in, however, there really isn't
   a better option than PlayStation's official DualShock 4, in our view, if
   you're on the hunt to pick up a cheap PS4 controller price while still
   getting a premium model.

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5/29/2023


ASTRO TIMELAPSE SETTINGS

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5:27 – Setup the Genie – Rec Time | Interval | Play Time.3:03 – Camera setup –
Image Quality | Shutter | Aperture | ISO | Focus.0:49 – Location Scouting –
Mobile Apps | Composition.This guide to Astro Timelapse covers everything from
location scouting to camera setup and includes a detailed section on post
production using Adobe Lightroom and LRTimelapse. In the following Star
Timelapse tutorial you’ll learn how to setup a motion control timelapse using
the Syrp Genie and Magic Carpet. Video tutorial – How to setup a motion star
timelapse using the Syrp Genie I hope you’ve found these 10 points on shooting
an astro time-lapse helpful – make sure you also check out the video tutorial to
see how I use the Syrp Genie for my astro time-lapses – I cover everything from
setting up the Genie, to processing a time-lapse from start to finish. After you
have all your images downloaded and ready for processing, as tempting as it is,
make sure you don’t overcook your processing – it might look great to you on a
single image, but once saved out as a movie, you will end up with a lot of noise
and artifacts in your time-lapse.

And double check you don’t have your lock engaged on your slider…I’ve been
bitten by this a few times in the past! Once everything is in order, set your
time-lapse off and sit back to enjoy the stars! Check that your interval and
general settings like direction of travel are correct on your motion control
unit. Make sure everything is set manually on your camera and your focus and
exposure is correct.

 * Before setting your time-lapse off, make sure you do a final check of
   everything.
 * I also tend to take a photo at the start and end position of the time-lapse,
   so I can see what I will end up with as far as the composition and exposure
   is concerned. You can shine a torch on your landscape in frame and preview
   the move with live view on your camera.
 * Once you have your camera and motion control setup, preview your time-lapse
   move to make sure you’re happy with the movement and composition.
 * I tend to use the 5 second rule, so if I’m shooting a 30 second exposure, my
   interval will be 35 seconds between shots.
 * Make sure you set your interval on your motion control unit so it allows
   enough time to write the image to the card before firing the next shot.
 * Settings will vary depending on environment lighting conditions and the
   camera you are using, but in a dark sky environment on my full frame sensor
   Canon 6D and a Canon 14mm f/2.8L lens, I typically shoot with a 30 second
   shutter and an aperture of f/2.8 with a ISO of 3200.
 * You will need to shoot with a long exposure and high ISO settings to capture
   a starry night sky time-lapse.
 * Then zoom in 10x on your live view and manually adjust your focus ring on
   your lens until the star looks sharp. It’s where you find the brightest star
   or object in the sky, and use live view on your camera to line it up close to
   the center of frame. But personally I find the live view method is a lot more
   accurate. You could autofocus on a distant object in the daytime, then set
   your focus to manual and tape your lens ring to keep it locked off.
 * Getting sharp focus is probably one of the hardest thing to do in an astro
   time-lapse.
 * Instead, we will be using noise reduction in post processing.
 * Make sure that the long exposure noise reduction is turned off on your camera
   – with this setting on, it will take twice as long as your exposure time
   before writing the image to your card, and that is something you don’t want
   for a time-lapse.
 * I tend to use tungsten or incandescent mode for my white balance, which can
   be changed to your liking once you get it in post.
 * You will need to shoot your astro time-lapse with all your settings on
   manual, this includes white balance and your focus.
 * This way you will get some interesting parallax against the night sky as the
   camera moves through your shot.
 * When planning to do a motion controlled camera move in your time-lapse, it’s
   always good to find a composition which has foreground interest like rocks or
   trees for example.
 * When scouting for a location, head out in the daytime first, and use one of
   the smartphone astro apps which has a augmented reality function like
   PhotoPills or Starwalk to plan your composition with the stars.
 * Here’s 10 points to consider when shooting a motion controlled astro
   time-lapse. I use the Syrp Genie for adding camera motion to my astro
   time-lapses which really adds production value to your timelapse by adding
   smooth motion.
   
   
   
   Learn the 10 most precious advices you need to know before shooting a Milky
   Way time-lapse thanks to Mark Gee – The Art of Night
   tutorial.Īstrophotography is one of the most spectacular forms of photography
   there is, and when you add motion to it by shooting time-lapse, you can
   capture these amazing visuals of the rotating night sky above dreamy
   landscapes.

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5/29/2023


LAWN CLIPPINGS

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That is why it is very important to recycle your lawn clippings rather than
throwing them away. When lawn clippings break down in compost piles or other
aerobic (oxygen-rich) environments, they do not give off methane. Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA), methane is 20 times more potent as a greenhouse gas
than carbon dioxide. When organic materials like lawn clippings and food waste
break down in landfills, they give off methane, a greenhouse gas. Why it is
important to recycle lawn clippings Contrary to popular belief, it is good for
your lawn. Or, if you prefer, you can simply leave your clippings on your lawn
and let them compost in place. In most places that offer curbside yard waste
pickup, you can place your lawn clippings in your bag or bin. We have a couple
of best practices for your consideration. However, there are some tricks to
using lawn clippings in a home composter. They are a terrific source of
nitrogen-rich “green” material, which compost needs in order to break down
effectively. Lawn clippings are an ideal candidate for recycling (or technically
composting, which I consider a form of recycling).

In those places and almost everywhere in between, people are starting to pull
out their lawnmowers and trim their lawns. For some of you in the northeast, you
may be seeing your lawn for the first time in months. Here in the northwest, the
weather has been wet and warm, which means the grass is growing like crazy.

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5/29/2023


PRICKING AND RULING MEDIEVAL MANUSCRIPTS

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Such imperfections are not uncommon in medieval parchment although they
sometimes were repaired, in this case, the scribe simply worked around it. Note
also the large hole in the parchment near the center of the page. Such glosses
represent the origin of the modern footnote. Note that some of the glosses are
keyed to the text by pilcrow marks, that is, paragraph marks. The opening of the
book of Leviticus is marked by a large ornamental initial for the word
“Vocavit”. Both glosses are written in a smaller script that the text of
Scripture proper. In this case, the commentary takes two forms, first, an
interlinear gloss (the original form of “reading between the lines”) and a
marginal gloss. The text of Scripture is accompanied by a gloss, that is, a
commentary. The manuscript, however, presents more than just one of the books of
the bible. The folio you see here comes from a late twelfth-century copy of the
Old Testament book of Leviticus, formerly in the library of the abbey of St.
Houghton Library, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass.

Lifting the strip of silk to reveal the image would have added to the aura of
revelation. The irregular pricking above the initial marks the place where a
silk guard that protected the initial, now lost, was sewn into the manuscript.
The prick marks are clearly visible in the left- and right-hand margin as well
as in the upper and lower margins, where they mark the locations of the vertical
rulings. The rubric identifies the text as the chant for the first Sunday in
Advent, the traditional opening of the liturgical year. The dove of the Holy
Spirit at the upper left represents his inspiration, identifying him as God’s
amanuensis. The Pope writes on a scroll rather than on a book per se. The
initial on folio 1 recto shows the supposed author of the Roman liturgy, Gregory
the Great, in the guise of a medieval author and scribe, seated at his writing
desk, pen and scraper in hand. Very often such prickings have been trimmed due
to rebinding.įor an example of pricking, see this single leaf from the Missal of
Noyon cathedral in northeastern France, illuminated ca. Although ruling
sometimes was carried out using an instrument known as a rake, most often
scribes pricked holes (known as prickings) along the edges (inner and outer
margins for horizontal rulings, upper and lower margins for vertical rulings) to
place the lines that in turn would guide the scribe. Although the number of
lines per page can vary, very often it remains identical throughout a
well-constructed manuscript. Given how many manuscripts have been rebound and
hence trimmed, it is as or more important to measure the written space than it
is to measure the dimensions of the volume per se. Ruling defined not only the
written space, known as the justification, corresponding to the text block, it
also defined the number and spacing of lines.

Before most manuscripts were written - certainly any manuscript of a certain
quality - the pages had to be prepared by ruling.

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