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WELCOME TO CITIZENDIUM

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New Blog Post Why save Citizendium? My reason number 1.






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ARTICLE COUNTS

Citable Articles (148)
Developed Articles (1,178)
Developing Articles (8,843)
Stubs (7,543)
(17,839 total articles)

Ignorance is the curse of God, knowledge the wing wherewith we fly to heaven.
— William Shakespeare (1564–1616), Lord Saye, in Henry VI, Part 2, act
       —add a quotation about knowledge or writing




FEATURED ARTICLE: NUCLEAR POWER RECONSIDERED

After decades of failure to slow the rising global consumption of coal, oil and
gas,[1] influential public figures such as Bill Gates and Elon Musk have
concluded that the world needs to reconsider nuclear power in order to lower the
demand for fossil fuels.[2] Wind and solar power alone, without large-scale
storage for these intermittent sources, are unlikely to meet the world's needs
for reliable energy.[3][4][5] See Figures 1 and 2 on the magnitude of the world
energy challenge.

Nuclear power plants that use nuclear reactors to create electricity could
provide the abundant, zero-carbon, dispatchable[6] energy needed for a
low-carbon future, but not by simply building more of what we already have. New
innovative designs for nuclear reactors are needed to avoid the problems of the
past.


(CC) Image: Geoff Russell
Fig.1 Electricity consumption may soon double, mostly from coal-fired power
plants in the developing world.[7]


ISSUES CONFRONTING THE NUCLEAR INDUSTRY

New reactor designers have sought to address issues that have prevented the
acceptance of nuclear power, including safety, waste management, weapons
proliferation, and cost. This article will summarize the questions that have
been raised and the criteria that have been established for evaluating these
designs. Answers to these questions will be provided by the designers of these
reactors in the articles on their designs. Further debate will be provided in
the Discussion and the Debate Guide pages of those articles.




FOOTNOTES

 1. ↑ Global Energy Growth by Our World In Data
 2. ↑ Public figures who have reconsidered their stance on nuclear power are
    listed on the External Links tab of this article.
 3. ↑ Pumped storage is currently the most economical way to store electricity,
    but it requires a large reservoir on a nearby hill or in an abandoned mine.
    Li-ion battery systems at $500 per KWh are not practical for utility-scale
    storage. See Energy Storage for a summary of other alternatives.
 4. ↑ Utilities that include wind and solar power in their grid must have
    non-intermittent generating capacity (typically fossil fuels) to handle
    maximum demand for several days. They can save on fuel, but the cost of the
    plant is the same with or without intermittent sources.
 5. ↑ Mark Jacobson believes that long-distance transmission lines can provide
    an alternative to costly storage. See the bibliography for more on this
    proposal and the critique by Christopher Clack.
 6. ↑ "Load following" is the term used by utilities, and is important when
    there is a lot of wind and solar on the grid. Some reactors are not able to
    do this.
 7. ↑ Fig.1.3 in Devanney "Why Nuclear Power has been a Flop"



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