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Queen Elizabeth II
Obituary
Royal succession
King Charles III
Funeral plans
Life in photos
Queen Elizabeth II: 1926-2022


WHO INHERITS THE QUEEN’S MONEY? THE SECRETIVE RULES OF ROYAL WEALTH.


FOLLOWING THE DEATH OF QUEEN ELIZABETH II, THE BRITISH ROYAL FAMILY’S FINANCES
ARE BEING SCRUTINIZED ANEW

By Adam Taylor
September 13, 2022 at 9:05 a.m. EDT

The crown of Queen Elizabeth II at the state opening of Parliament in London in
2005. (Anwar Hussein/Pool/Getty Images)
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For the British royals, the death of a loved one is the same as in any wealthy
family. After the immediate mourning, there’s an uncomfortable question: What
happens to the money?

With the death of Queen Elizabeth II and the rise of King Charles III to the
throne, the question is being asked widely. And although the House of Windsor
doesn’t share many of its financial details, certain things are known.



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Unlike other rich families, the royals are given favorable treatment by the
government. Neither Charles nor his siblings will have to pay inheritance tax on
whatever assets are passed down from their mother, thanks to a 1993 agreement
with the government. In announcing it, then-Prime Minister John Major told
Parliament that a royal inheritance simply shouldn’t be taxed, citing the
“unique circumstances of a hereditary monarchy.”

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Yet the public has little chance of learning how much that inheritance will be.
As David McClure, an expert on the subject, has noted, “the royal finances are
shrouded in fog.”

HOW WEALTHY WAS THE QUEEN?

Estimates for the queen’s wealth have to come from outside sources.

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QUEEN ELIZABETH II


Laid to rest
Queen Elizabeth II has been buried in her final resting place next to Prince
Philip, her husband of more than 70 years, capping an elaborate state funeral,
which was invested with all the pomp, circumstance and showmanship that the
monarchy, military and state could put on display for a global broadcast
audience of millions. Here are some of the most memorable moments in photos and
videos.
A new monarch
 * King Charles III is Britain’s new monarch and may bring a markedly different
   personal vision of religion and spirituality to the role.
 * Britons will also need to swiftly adjust to seeing his face on these staples
   of daily life, including postage stamps and the national anthem.
 * Charles ascended the throne the moment his mother passed away. Here’s a look
   at the next 10 royals who are next in line to the throne.

1/2

End of carousel

Forbes, for example, pegged her net worth at $500 million (around 430 million
British pounds, although we will use U.S. dollars here for simplicity).
Britain’s Sunday Times put it at $430 million in its 2022 list of Britain’s
wealthiest people. In his 2020 book, “The Queen’s True Worth,” McClure estimated
it was $468 million.

Regardless, that’s only a fraction of the royal family’s assets. Forbes
estimates its worth at $28 billion, pointing to the business front of the royal
lineage known as “Monarchy PLC.”

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The family’s most impressive official holding is the Crown Estate, a portfolio
of assets that includes luxurious London properties worth $19.2 billion.
Although formally owned by the family, it is under the control of the British
government, which receives the hundreds of millions of dollars the portfolio
generates each year.

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But the government then gives 25 percent of the Crown Estate’s profit back to
the royals under what is known as the “Sovereign Grant.” In 2021, the royal
household’s public financial statement listed the grant at about $99 million —
money intended to pay for the upkeep of palaces and to meet other expenses. The
royals’ significant security costs are not included and instead are paid for out
of the British government treasury.

The reigning monarch also controls the Duchy of Lancaster, an “ancient body”
responsible for a huge portfolio that encompasses 71 square miles and is worth
more than $950 million. The duchy, which was set up in 1399, reported $27
million in profit last year.


DOES KING CHARLES GET ALL THIS MONEY?

The queen’s will has not been made public, and historically, the royal family
has not released such details after a monarch’s death.

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At some point, however, it should be known which private properties owned by the
queen will go to Charles. Both Balmoral Castle in Scotland and the Sandringham
Estate in England were passed down to the queen by her father, King George VI.

King Charles automatically received the Duchy of Lancaster. In his first address
last week, he confirmed that he had followed tradition and passed his own
holding, the Duchy of Cornwall, to his elder son, Prince William.

The portfolio of land and property in the Duchy of Cornwall, which dates to
1337, is significantly larger than the Duchy of Lancaster. It encompasses 0.2
percent of all land in Britain, including the storied Lord’s Cricket Ground and,
less glamorously, HM Prison Dartmoor. But its self-reported profit for the most
recent tax year was slightly lower than the Lancaster portfolio’s.

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The royal family will continue to receive the Sovereign Grant since the new king
on Saturday reaffirmed his decision to “continue the tradition of surrendering
the hereditary revenues” from the Crown Estate in return for the grant.

DOES THE ROYAL FAMILY PAY ANY TAXES?

For the rest of Britain, any inheritance valued over $380,000 results in a 40
percent tax bill. But King Charles will pay nothing on properties, jewels and
investments that probably are worth hundreds of millions of dollars.

The British government outlined the reason in a 2012 memorandum: “The Monarchy
as an institution needs sufficient private resources to enable it to continue to
perform its traditional role in national life, and to have a degree of financial
independence from the Government of the day.”

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The same document explains that the British Crown is also not legally liable for
income tax or capital gains tax.

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The royals do pay some taxes, though. Under the 1993 agreement with the British
government, the queen and her eldest son agreed to pay capital gains and income
tax on their personal assets and on income derived from crown assets that was
not used for official purposes.

As prince, Charles paid a voluntary 45 percent income tax on his personal income
from the Duchy of Cornwall. But the arrangement was shrouded in secrecy, with
little public oversight of the expenses claimed against this income. His total
annual tax liability was not disclosed.

The duchy itself does not pay corporation tax or capital gains tax. In 2013,
following reports in the Guardian that the duchy was deliberately avoiding
taxes, British lawmakers said it had an “unfair advantage” over other businesses
and called for more transparency.


HOW DOES THE ROYAL FAMILY KEEP ITS WEALTH SO HIDDEN?

The royal family is under few requirements to disclose details of its wealth,
and there are few ways for prying eyes to get a look. The family’s
communications with the government are exempt from Freedom of Information
requests. Their official papers are kept secret by Britain’s National Archives
for at least 50 years.

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The lack of transparency has led anti-monarchy groups including Republic to call
the monarchy an “unaccountable public institution that has the power, secrecy
and influence to willfully abuse its position.” Prem Sikka, a British academic
who now sits in the House of Lords, has called the family’s opaque business
dealings “the remnant of a bygone feudal age.”

Without a change, many details of the royal family’s private wealth may never be
known. Some revealing facts about the Duchy of Lancaster’s offshore investments,
for example, came out only in the 2017 Panama Papers leaks. Those detailed
roughly $13 million in offshore accounts.

Other reports have suggested questionable foreign dealings or arrangements.
Earlier this year, then-Prince Charles was accused of offering to help secure a
knighthood for a Saudi national in response to a donation to his charitable
foundation. Representatives of Charles denied any impropriety.

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And after Prince Andrew, one of his brothers, reached a settlement with a woman
who accused him of sexually assaulting her when she was 17, questions followed
about how the money for the settlement was raised. The case was linked to
Andrew’s controversial friendship with American financier Jeffrey Epstein, a sex
offender who died by suicide while awaiting trial.

DOES THE ROYAL FAMILY COST BRITAIN MONEY?

For both monarchists and republicans, the royal family’s balance sheet is a
point of contention. Do the royals cost the government money, or do they make it
money?

On the plus side, the royals draw tourist dollars as well as publicity for
Britain. In 2017, a valuation company called Brand Finance estimated that the
monarchy boosted the tourism sector by the equivalent of more than $640 million.

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And while the Sovereign Grant has been growing, which means more money for the
royals, the Crown Estate provides a huge sum of money to the government.

Anti-monarchy groups dispute claims that the royal family brings in money — “a
figment of the spin doctor’s imagination,” they say — and contend that the
monarchy actually costs the country about $400 million a year. McClure, the
expert on the royals, has estimated the government’s cost to protect the family
at well over $100 million annually.

Reports in the British press have suggested that King Charles, a conservationist
by nature, hopes to “slim down” the monarchy, with fewer “senior royals”
involved in public engagements. He has also talked about opening up more royal
properties to the public, a move that could theoretically bring in more revenue.

How much exactly? Don’t hold your breath.

Annabelle Timsit in London contributed to this report.

342 Comments
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Queen Elizabeth II
HAND CURATED
 * Queen Elizabeth II buried after historic state funeral
   September 19, 2022
 * Queen Elizabeth’s corgis and pony get their final goodbye
   September 19, 2022
 * Queen Elizabeth II’s funeral: Memorable moments in photos and videos
   September 19, 2022

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