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<h1><a href="/diseases-conditions/cyclothymia/symptoms-causes/syc-20371275" data-di-id="di-id-9ec997d5-83ceffaa">Cyclothymia (cyclothymic disorder)</a></h1>
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<h2>Overview</h2><!--googleon: all-->
<p>Cyclothymia (sy-kloe-THIE-me-uh), also called cyclothymic disorder, is a rare mood disorder. Cyclothymia causes emotional ups and downs, but they're not as extreme as those in bipolar I or II disorder.</p>
<p>With cyclothymia, you experience periods when your mood noticeably shifts up and down from your baseline. You may feel on top of the world for a time, followed by a low period when you feel somewhat down. Between these cyclothymic
highs and lows, you may feel stable and fine.</p>
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<p>Although the highs and lows of cyclothymia are less extreme than those of bipolar disorder, it's critical to seek help managing these symptoms because they can interfere with your ability to function and increase your risk of bipolar I
or II disorder.</p>
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<h2>Symptoms</h2>
<p>Cyclothymia symptoms alternate between emotional highs and lows. The highs of cyclothymia include symptoms of an elevated mood (hypomanic symptoms). The lows consist of mild or moderate depressive symptoms.</p>
<p>Cyclothymia symptoms are similar to those of bipolar I or II disorder, but they're less severe. When you have cyclothymia, you can typically function in your daily life, though not always well. The unpredictable nature of your mood
shifts may significantly disrupt your life because you never know how you're going to feel.</p>
<h3>Hypomanic symptoms</h3>
<p>Signs and symptoms of the highs of cyclothymia may include:</p>
<ul>
<li>An exaggerated feeling of happiness or well-being (euphoria)</li>
<li>Extreme optimism</li>
<li>Inflated self-esteem</li>
<li>Talking more than usual</li>
<li>Poor judgment that can result in risky behavior or unwise choices</li>
<li>Racing thoughts</li>
<li>Irritable or agitated behavior</li>
<li>Excessive physical activity</li>
<li>Increased drive to perform or achieve goals (sexual, work related or social)</li>
<li>Decreased need for sleep</li>
<li>Tendency to be easily distracted</li>
<li>Inability to concentrate</li>
</ul>
<h3>Depressive symptoms</h3>
<p>Signs and symptoms of the lows of cyclothymia may include:</p>
<ul>
<li>Feeling sad, hopeless or empty</li>
<li>Tearfulness</li>
<li>Irritability, especially in children and teenagers</li>
<li>Loss of interest in activities once considered enjoyable</li>
<li>Changes in weight</li>
<li>Feelings of worthlessness or guilt</li>
<li>Sleep problems</li>
<li>Restlessness</li>
<li>Fatigue or feeling slowed down</li>
<li>Problems concentrating</li>
<li>Thinking of death or suicide</li>
</ul>
<h3>When to see a doctor</h3>
<p>If you have any symptoms of cyclothymia, seek medical help as soon as possible. Cyclothymia generally doesn't get better on its own. If you're reluctant to seek treatment, work up the courage to confide in someone who can help you take
that first step.</p>
<p>If a loved one has symptoms of cyclothymia, talk openly and honestly with that person about your concerns. You can't force someone to seek professional help, but you can offer support and help find a qualified doctor or mental health
provider.</p>
<h3>Suicidal thoughts</h3>
<p>Although suicidal thoughts might occur with cyclothymia, they're more likely to occur if you have bipolar I or II disorder. If you're considering suicide right now:</p>
<ul>
<li>Call 911 or your local emergency services number, or go to a hospital emergency department.</li>
<li>Call a local crisis center or suicide hotline number — in the United States, you can call the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline at 1-800-273-TALK (1-800-273-8255) or use the webchat at suicidepreventionlifeline.org/chat.</li>
</ul>
<p>If you just can't make that call, reach out to someone else — immediately — such as your doctor, mental health provider, family member, friend or someone in your faith community.</p>
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<h2>Causes</h2>
<p>It's not known specifically what causes cyclothymia. As with many mental health disorders, research shows that it may result from a combination of:</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Genetics,</strong> as cyclothymia tends to run in families</li>
<li><strong>Differences in the way the brain works,</strong> such as changes in the brain's neurobiology </li>
<li><strong>Environmental issues,</strong> such as traumatic experiences or prolonged periods of stress</li>
</ul>
<h2>Risk factors</h2>
<p>Cyclothymia is thought to be relatively rare. But true estimates are hard to make because people may be undiagnosed or misdiagnosed as having other mood disorders, such as depression.</p>
<p>Cyclothymia typically starts during the teenage years or young adulthood. It affects about the same number of males and females.</p>
<h2>Complications</h2>
<p>If you have cyclothymia:</p>
<ul>
<li>Not treating it can result in significant emotional problems that affect every area of your life</li>
<li>There is a high risk of later developing bipolar I or II disorder</li>
<li>Substance misuse is common</li>
<li>You may also have an anxiety disorder</li>
<li>You may be at increased risk of suicidal thoughts and suicide</li>
</ul>
<h2>Prevention</h2>
<p>There's no sure way to prevent cyclothymia. However, treatment at the earliest indication of a mental health disorder can help prevent cyclothymia from worsening. Long-term preventive treatment also can help prevent minor symptoms from
becoming full-blown episodes of hypomania, mania or major depression.</p>
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<li>AskMayoExpert. Bipolar disorder. Mayo Clinic; 2020.</li>
<li>Bipolar and related disorders. In: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders DSM-5. 5th ed. American Psychiatric Association; 2013. https://dsm.psychiatryonline.org. Accessed April 2, 2021.</li>
<li>Suppes T. Bipolar disorder in adults: Assessment and diagnosis. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed April 2, 2021.</li>
<li>Birmaher B. Bipolar disorder in children and adolescents: Assessment and diagnosis. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed April 2, 2021.</li>
<li>Brown AY. Allscripts EPSi. Mayo Clinic. Feb. 23, 2021.</li>
<li>Bipolar disorder. National Institute of Mental Health. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/bipolar-disorder/index.shtml. Accessed April 2, 2021.</li>
<li>Perugi G, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of cyclothymia: The "primacy" of temperament. Current Neuropharmacology. 2017;15:372.</li>
<li>Hall-Flavin DK (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic. April 12, 2021.</li>
<li>National Suicide Prevention Lifeline. https://suicidepreventionlifeline.org. Accessed April 2, 2021.</li>
<li>Kellerman RD, et al. Depressive, bipolar, and related mood disorders. In: Conn's Current Therapy 2021. Elsevier; 2021. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed April 1, 2021.</li>
<li>Vancampfort D, et al. The efficacy of meditation-based mind-body interventions for mental disorders: A meta-review of 17 meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials. Journal of Psychiatric Research. 2021;
doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.12.048.</li>
<li>Stratford HJ, et al. Psychological therapy for anxiety in bipolar spectrum disorders: A systematic review. Clinical Psychology Review. 2015;35:19.</li>
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CYCLOTHYMIA (CYCLOTHYMIC DISORDER)
Sectionsfor Cyclothymia (cyclothymic disorder)
* Symptoms & causes
* Diagnosis & treatment
* Doctors & departments
* Care at Mayo Clinic
Print
OVERVIEW
Cyclothymia (sy-kloe-THIE-me-uh), also called cyclothymic disorder, is a rare
mood disorder. Cyclothymia causes emotional ups and downs, but they're not as
extreme as those in bipolar I or II disorder.
With cyclothymia, you experience periods when your mood noticeably shifts up and
down from your baseline. You may feel on top of the world for a time, followed
by a low period when you feel somewhat down. Between these cyclothymic highs and
lows, you may feel stable and fine.
Although the highs and lows of cyclothymia are less extreme than those of
bipolar disorder, it's critical to seek help managing these symptoms because
they can interfere with your ability to function and increase your risk of
bipolar I or II disorder.
Treatment options for cyclothymia include talk therapy (psychotherapy),
medications and close, ongoing follow-up with your doctor.
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SYMPTOMS
Cyclothymia symptoms alternate between emotional highs and lows. The highs of
cyclothymia include symptoms of an elevated mood (hypomanic symptoms). The lows
consist of mild or moderate depressive symptoms.
Cyclothymia symptoms are similar to those of bipolar I or II disorder, but
they're less severe. When you have cyclothymia, you can typically function in
your daily life, though not always well. The unpredictable nature of your mood
shifts may significantly disrupt your life because you never know how you're
going to feel.
HYPOMANIC SYMPTOMS
Signs and symptoms of the highs of cyclothymia may include:
* An exaggerated feeling of happiness or well-being (euphoria)
* Extreme optimism
* Inflated self-esteem
* Talking more than usual
* Poor judgment that can result in risky behavior or unwise choices
* Racing thoughts
* Irritable or agitated behavior
* Excessive physical activity
* Increased drive to perform or achieve goals (sexual, work related or social)
* Decreased need for sleep
* Tendency to be easily distracted
* Inability to concentrate
DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS
Signs and symptoms of the lows of cyclothymia may include:
* Feeling sad, hopeless or empty
* Tearfulness
* Irritability, especially in children and teenagers
* Loss of interest in activities once considered enjoyable
* Changes in weight
* Feelings of worthlessness or guilt
* Sleep problems
* Restlessness
* Fatigue or feeling slowed down
* Problems concentrating
* Thinking of death or suicide
WHEN TO SEE A DOCTOR
If you have any symptoms of cyclothymia, seek medical help as soon as possible.
Cyclothymia generally doesn't get better on its own. If you're reluctant to seek
treatment, work up the courage to confide in someone who can help you take that
first step.
If a loved one has symptoms of cyclothymia, talk openly and honestly with that
person about your concerns. You can't force someone to seek professional help,
but you can offer support and help find a qualified doctor or mental health
provider.
SUICIDAL THOUGHTS
Although suicidal thoughts might occur with cyclothymia, they're more likely to
occur if you have bipolar I or II disorder. If you're considering suicide right
now:
* Call 911 or your local emergency services number, or go to a hospital
emergency department.
* Call a local crisis center or suicide hotline number — in the United States,
you can call the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline at 1-800-273-TALK
(1-800-273-8255) or use the webchat at suicidepreventionlifeline.org/chat.
If you just can't make that call, reach out to someone else — immediately — such
as your doctor, mental health provider, family member, friend or someone in your
faith community.
Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic
CAUSES
It's not known specifically what causes cyclothymia. As with many mental health
disorders, research shows that it may result from a combination of:
* Genetics, as cyclothymia tends to run in families
* Differences in the way the brain works, such as changes in the brain's
neurobiology
* Environmental issues, such as traumatic experiences or prolonged periods of
stress
RISK FACTORS
Cyclothymia is thought to be relatively rare. But true estimates are hard to
make because people may be undiagnosed or misdiagnosed as having other mood
disorders, such as depression.
Cyclothymia typically starts during the teenage years or young adulthood. It
affects about the same number of males and females.
COMPLICATIONS
If you have cyclothymia:
* Not treating it can result in significant emotional problems that affect
every area of your life
* There is a high risk of later developing bipolar I or II disorder
* Substance misuse is common
* You may also have an anxiety disorder
* You may be at increased risk of suicidal thoughts and suicide
PREVENTION
There's no sure way to prevent cyclothymia. However, treatment at the earliest
indication of a mental health disorder can help prevent cyclothymia from
worsening. Long-term preventive treatment also can help prevent minor symptoms
from becoming full-blown episodes of hypomania, mania or major depression.
By Mayo Clinic Staff
Cyclothymia (cyclothymic disorder) care at Mayo Clinic
Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic
Diagnosis & treatment
June 19, 2021
Print
Share on: FacebookTwitter
Show references
1. AskMayoExpert. Bipolar disorder. Mayo Clinic; 2020.
2. Bipolar and related disorders. In: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of
Mental Disorders DSM-5. 5th ed. American Psychiatric Association; 2013.
https://dsm.psychiatryonline.org. Accessed April 2, 2021.
3. Suppes T. Bipolar disorder in adults: Assessment and diagnosis.
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed April 2, 2021.
4. Birmaher B. Bipolar disorder in children and adolescents: Assessment and
diagnosis. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed April 2,
2021.
5. Brown AY. Allscripts EPSi. Mayo Clinic. Feb. 23, 2021.
6. Bipolar disorder. National Institute of Mental Health.
https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/bipolar-disorder/index.shtml.
Accessed April 2, 2021.
7. Perugi G, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of cyclothymia: The "primacy" of
temperament. Current Neuropharmacology. 2017;15:372.
8. Hall-Flavin DK (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic. April 12, 2021.
9. National Suicide Prevention Lifeline.
https://suicidepreventionlifeline.org. Accessed April 2, 2021.
10. Kellerman RD, et al. Depressive, bipolar, and related mood disorders. In:
Conn's Current Therapy 2021. Elsevier; 2021. https://www.clinicalkey.com.
Accessed April 1, 2021.
11. Vancampfort D, et al. The efficacy of meditation-based mind-body
interventions for mental disorders: A meta-review of 17 meta-analyses of
randomized controlled trials. Journal of Psychiatric Research. 2021;
doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.12.048.
12. Stratford HJ, et al. Psychological therapy for anxiety in bipolar spectrum
disorders: A systematic review. Clinical Psychology Review. 2015;35:19.
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