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PHYSICAL ACCESS SYSTEMS OPEN CYBER DOOR TO IT NETWORKSPHYSICAL ACCESS SYSTEMS
OPEN CYBER DOOR TO IT NETWORKS

Besides unlocking supposedly secure doors, a man-in-the-middle cyberattack on
physical access controllers can enable ransomware, data theft, and more.

Tara Seals, Managing Editor, News, Dark Reading

December 20, 2023

2 Min Read
Source: Stephen Barnes Technology via Alamy Stock Photo


Cyberattackers can exploit access control measures installed on supposedly
secure facility doors to gain unauthorized building access to sensitive
locations — as well as breach internal IP networks directly from these systems,
researchers are warning.

In a closed-door session at Black Hat Europe 2023 this month, analysts at Otorio
demonstrated how attackers can easily subvert modern physical access control
systems (PACSs), which are typically installed by secure doors in the form of a
badge-scanner, card-swiper, or keypad.



PACSs using the Open Supervised Device Protocol (OSDP) are especially at risk,
according to Eran Jacob, head of research at Otorio. OSDP enables secure
communication between a card- or badge-reader and the access controller itself,
and it's been found to have multiple vulnerabilities in the past.

In the demonstration, the researchers were able to establish a man-in-the-middle
presence on the serial connection behind the readers, overcome tamper
protections, bypass OSDP to unlock doors for unauthorized physical access, and
then exploit access controllers to pivot to the internal IP network via the
serial channel.



"We successfully bypassed the latest physical access control systems, exposing
potential vectors for unauthorized facility access," Jacob said in a statement
detailing the building-access cyber research. "Our findings illuminate a paradox
in the technological advancement of these devices — as they incorporate
additional security features, they also increase complexity and introduce new
risks. During our research, we demonstrated how this could potentially enable
attackers to compromise the physical barriers and penetrate the internal IP
networks right from the gate of the secure site."



Gaining unauthorized physical access is not a new threat, but according to
Otorio, "the possibility of lateral movement from the front door into the
internal network [is] an unprecedented scenario." The firm urges security teams
to conduct a comprehensive pen-testing review of any PACS in use to prevent data
exfiltration, ransomware, and other nightmare scenarios.

Read more about:

Black Hat News



ABOUT THE AUTHOR(S)

Tara Seals, Managing Editor, News, Dark Reading



Tara Seals has 20+ years of experience as a journalist, analyst and editor in
the cybersecurity, communications and technology space. Prior to Dark Reading,
Tara was Editor in Chief at Threatpost, and prior to that, the North American
news lead for Infosecurity Magazine. She also spent 13 years working for Informa
(formerly Virgo Publishing), as executive editor and editor-in-chief at
publications focused on both the service provider and the enterprise arenas. A
Texas native, she holds a B.A. from Columbia University, lives in Western
Massachusetts with her family and is on a never-ending quest for good Mexican
food in the Northeast.


See more from Tara Seals, Managing Editor, News, Dark Reading
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