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* Unpatched UPnP-Enabled Devices Left Exposed to Attacks
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UNPATCHED UPNP-ENABLED DEVICES LEFT EXPOSED TO ATTACKS
By
SERGIU GATLAN
* March 6, 2019
* 05:47 PM
* 0
Outdated software on UPnP-enabled devices exposes them to attacks designed to
exploit a wide range of vulnerabilities found in UPnP libraries used by various
daemons and servers reachable over the Internet.
Out of the 1,648,769 results found using the Shodan search engine for
Internet-connected devices, Trend Micro's Tony Yang home network researcher
discovered that 35% were using the MiniUPnPd UPnP daemon for NAT routers, while
about 20% came with Broadcom’s UPnP library.
The abundance of devices that can be accessed over the Internet and
have Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) enabled is quite worrying considering
the highly successful attack against Chromecast adapters, Smart TVs, and Google
Home which used them to play a YouTube video promoting PewDiePie's channel.
PLAY Top Articles Video Settings Full Screen About Connatix V148742 Read More
Read More Read More Read More Read More Read More Zimbra zero‑day vulnerability
actively exploitedto steal emails 1/1 SkipAd Continue watching after the ad
Visit Advertiser websiteGO TO PAGE
"The hackers behind it reportedly took advantage of poorly configured routers
that had the Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) service enabled, which caused the
routers to forward public ports to the private devices and be open to the public
internet," says Yang.
Number of devices with UPnP enabled by country
DEVICES WITH UPNP ENABLED PREVIOUSLY ABUSED ON A LARGE SCALE
While that attack wasn't malicious in nature and it didn't try to steal data or
impact in any damaging way the devices it managed to compromise, the story would
have been a lot different if that were the case.
Bad actors have used UPnP vulnerabilities in the past to abuse this type of
devices, with an Akamai study discovering that cyber-espionage groups (APTs) and
botnet operators were using tens of thousands of routers that had UPnP toggled
on to proxy their traffic and conceal their real location from investigators.
"In initial Internet-wide scans, over 4.8 million devices were found to be
vulnerable to simple UDP SSDP (the UDP portion of UPnP) inquiries. Of these,
roughly 765,000 (16% of total) of the identified devices were confirmed to also
expose their vulnerable TCP implementations," Akamai also said in the
paper (.PDF) published during November 2018.
Also, "Over 65,000 (9% of vulnerable, 1.3% of total) of these vulnerable devices
were discovered to have NAT injections, where at least one instance of a
NewInternalClient pointed to an IP that was Internet-routable."
OLD FIRMWARE COMES WITH EXPLOITABLE VULNERABILITIES
As detailed by Trend Micro's research, cameras, printers, NAS devices, Smart
TVs, and routers which use UPnP for streaming, sharing, and service discovery
are also the ones behind security holes which help potential attackers bypass
firewalls and reach their local network.
Trend Micro found that "most devices still use old versions of UPnP libraries.
Vulnerabilities involving the UPnP libraries have been years old, are
potentially unpatched, and leave connected devices unsecure against attacks."
The MiniUPnPd library found on 16% of all publicly searchable UPnP-enabled
devices which now reached the 2.1 release is present on only 0.39% of them,
while the initial version can be found on 24.47% and another 29.98% come
with MiniUPnPd 1.6.
This means that a vast majority of them are vulnerable, with at least three
different security issues being present in various versions of the library:
• CVE-2013-0230, a stack-based buffer overflow in MiniUPnPd 1.0 allows
attackers to execute arbitrary code.
• CVE-2013-0229, a vulnerability found MiniUPnPd before 1.4, allows attackers
to cause a denial of service (DoS)
• CVE-2017-1000494, an uninitialized stack variable flaw in MiniUPnPd
Additionally, 18% of the UPnP-enabled devices reachable over the Internet are
using Windows UPnP Server and roughly 5% of them feature a libupnp library
installation.
This collection of devices also came with old their own set
of unpatched software versions, which bundle an assortment of UPnP memory
corruption, and stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilities readily available
for attackers to execute arbitrary code.
To make sure that the Internet-connect devices in their home aren't left exposed
and vulnerable to attacks from outside their local networks, users need to
disable the UPnP feature whenever possible and always keep their devices'
firmware up to date.
"If a device is suspected of being infected, the device should be rebooted,
reset to the original factory settings, or, to err on the side of caution,
altogether replaced," the Trend Micro researcher concluded.
RELATED ARTICLES:
Cisco fixes critical bugs in RV routers, exploit code available
277,000 routers exposed to Eternal Silence attacks via UPnP
Netgear leaves vulnerabilities unpatched in Nighthawk router
KCodes NetUSB bug exposes millions of routers to RCE attacks
Honeypot experiment reveals what hackers want from IoT devices
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SERGIU GATLAN
Sergiu Gatlan is a reporter who covered cybersecurity, technology, Apple,
Google, and a few other topics at Softpedia for more than a decade. Email or
Twitter DMs for tips.
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