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BJO专栏


REAL WORLD APPLICATION OF A SMARTPHONE-BASED VISUAL ACUITY TEST (WHOEYES) WITH
AUTOMATIC DISTANCE CALIBRATION

2024，39（9）：431-442
Yi Wu,Stuart Keel ,Vera Lúcia Alves Carneiro ,Shiran Zhang,Wei Wang,Chi
Liu,Xuanzhang Tang,Xiaotong Han,Mingguang He
Abstract Browse Download Favorites
smartphone-based visual acuity test WHOeyes V@home ETDRS
> Background: To develop and assess usability of a smartphone-based visual
> acuity (VA) test with an automatic distance calibration (ADC) function, the
> iOS version of WHOeyes. Methods: The WHOeyes was an upgraded version with a
> distinct feature of ADC of an existing validated VA testing APP called V@home.
> Three groups of Chinese participants with different ages (≤20, 20-40, >40
> years) were recruited for distance and near VA testing using both an Early
> Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) chart and the WHOeyes. The ADC
> function would determine the testing distance. Infrared rangefinder was used
> to determine the testing distance for the ETDRS, and actual testing distance
> for the WHOeyes. A questionnaire-based interview was administered to assess
> satisfaction. Results: The actual testing distance determined by the WHOeyes
> ADC showed an overall good agreement with the desired testing distance in all
> three age groups (p > 0.50). Regarding the distance and near VA testing, the
> accuracy of WHOeyes was equivalent to ETDRS. The mean difference between the
> WHOeyes and ETDRS ranged from -0.084 to 0.012 logMAR, and the quadratic
> weighted kappa (QWK) values were greater than 0.75 across all groups. The
> test-retest reliability of WHOeyes was high for both near and distance VA,
> with a mean difference ranging from -0.040 to 0.004 logMAR and QWK all greater
> than 0.85. The questionnaire revealed an excellent user experience and
> acceptance of WHOeyes. Conclusion: WHOeyes could provide accurate measurement
> of the testing distance as well as the distance and near VA when compared to
> the gold standard ETDRS chart.




CORRELATION STUDY ON IMAGING MANIFESTATIONS AND LABORATORY INDICATORS IN
PATIENTS WITH DIABETIC MACULAR EDEMA

：-
Huan Li,Wei Wang,Hao Wang,Zhe Xiao
Abstract Browse Download Favorites
Diabetes macular edema;?Optical coherence tomography;?Peripheral blood;?Fundus
fluorescence angiography

> Objective: To investigate the correlation between imaging manifestations and
> laboratory indicators of peripheral blood in patients with diabetic macular
> edema (DME). Method: One hundred patients with DME were selected to undergo
> fundus imaging examination, with peripheral blood taken for testing to analyze
> the correlation between imaging manifestations and laboratory indicators of
> peripheral blood. Result:Reduced red blood cell count was correlated with
> ellipsoid band disruption (p=0.040) and capsular cavity formation (p=0.015).
> Reduced hemoglobin was correlated with intraretinal fluid (p=0.046). Elevated
> low-density lipoprotein was correlated with capsular cavity formation
> (p=0.011), outer membrane disruption (p=0.018), and intraretinal fluid
> (p=0.020), while elevated apolipoprotein B was correlated with hard exudates
> (p=0.025). Elevated creatinine was correlated with disorganization of inner
> retinal layer (p=0.009). Diabetic retinopathy severity score was negatively
> correlated with platelet count (p=0.001, r=-0.314). Hyperreflective foci were
> positively correlated with neutrophil count (p=0.001, r=0.324).Conclusion: It
> was found that certain imaging manifestations in patients with DME were
> correlated with laboratory indicators, which is helpful to elucidate the
> pathophysiologic mechanisms of diabetic macular edema and guide clinical
> treatment.

Original Article


LARGE-SCALE PROTEOME-WIDE MENDELIAN RANDOMIZATION IDENTIFIES NOVEL PROTEINS FOR
GLAUCOMA AND RELATED TRAITS

2024，1（2）：1-22
Ziyu Zhu(朱梓瑜),Shaopeng Yang( 杨少鹏 ),Hubert Yuenhei Lao,Xiaoying
Zhong(钟晓莹),Huangdong Li(李黄东),Riqian Liu ( 刘日乾 ),Wenyong Huang(黄文勇),Wei Wang(王伟)
Abstract Browse Download Favorites
Proteome Mendelian Randomization Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma GCIPL Thickness
RNFL Thickness Intraocular Pressure

> Purpose: To identify plasma proteins that are causally related to primary
> open-angle glaucoma (POAG) for potential therapeutic
> targeting. Methods: Summary statistics of plasma protein quantitative trait
> loci (pQTL) were derived from two extensive genome-wide analysis study (GWAS)
> datasets and one systematic review, with over 100 thousand participants
> covering thousands of plasma proteins. POAG data were sourced from the largest
> FinnGen study, comprising 8,530 DR cases and 391,275 European controls. A
> two-sample MR analysis, supplemented by bidirectional MR, Bayesian
> co-localization analysis, and phenotype scanning, was conducted to examine the
> causal relationships between plasma proteins and POAG. The analysis was
> validated by identifying associations between plasma proteins and POAG-related
> traits, including intraocular pressure (IOP), retinal nerve fibre layer
> (RNFL), and ganglion cell and inner plexiform layer (GCIPL). By searching
> druggable gene lists, the ChEMBL database, and the ClinicalTrials.gov
> database, the druggability and clinical development activity of the identified
> proteins were systematically evaluated. Results: Eighteen proteins were
> identified with significant associations with POAG risk after multiple
> comparison adjustments. The ORs per standard deviation increase in protein
> levels ranged from 0.39 (95% CI: 0.24–0.62; P = 7.70×10-5) for phospholipase C
> gamma 1 (PLCG1) to 1.29 (95% CI: 1.16–1.44; P = 6.72×10-6) for nidogen-1
> (NID1). Bidirectional MR indicated that reverse causality did not interfere
> with the results of the main MR analyses. Five proteins exhibited
> strong co-localization evidence (PH4 ≥ 0.8): protein sel-1 homolog 1 (SEL1L),
> tyrosine-protein kinase receptor UFO (AXL), nidogen-1 (NID1) and FAD-linked
> sulfhydryl oxidase ALR (GFER) were negatively associated with POAG risk, while
> roundabout homolog 1 (ROBO1) showed a positive association. The phenotype
> scanning did not reveal any confounding factors between pQTLs and POAG.
> Further, validation analyses identified nine proteins causally related to POAG
> traits, with five proteins including interleukin-18 receptor 1 (IL18R1),
> interleukin-1 receptor type 1 (IL1R1), phospholipase C gamma 1 (PLCG1),
> ribonuclease pancreatic (RNASE1), serine protease inhibitor Kazal-type 6
> (SPINK6) revealing consistent directional associations. In addition, 18 causal
> proteins were highlighted for their druggability, of which 5 proteins are
> either already approved drugs or in clinical trials and 13 proteins are novel
> drug targets. Conclusions: This study identifies 18 plasma proteins as
> potential therapeutic targets for POAG, particularly emphasizing the role of
> genomic and proteomic integration in drug discovery. Future experimental and
> clinical studies should be conducted to validate the efficacy of these
> proteins and to conduct more comprehensive proteomic explorations, thus taking
> a significant leap toward innovative POAG treatments.




REAL WORLD APPLICATION OF A SMARTPHONE-BASED VISUAL ACUITY TEST (WHOEYES) WITH
AUTOMATIC DISTANCE CALIBRATION

：-
Kan Xu,Yi Wu,Stuart Keel ,Vera Lúcia Alves Carneiro ,Shiran Zhang,Wei Wang,Chi
Liu,Xuanzhang Tang,HAN Xiaotong,HE Mingguang
Abstract Browse Download Favorites
smartphone-based; visual acuity test; WHOeyes V@home; ETDRS;

> Background: To develop and assess usability of a smartphone-based visual
> acuity (VA) test with an automatic distance calibration (ADC) function, the
> iOS version of WHOeyes. Methods: The WHOeyes was an upgraded version with a
> distinct feature of ADC of an existing validated VA testing APP called V@home.
> Three groups of Chinese participants with different ages (≤20, 20-40, >40
> years) were recruited for distance and near VA testing using both an Early
> Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) chart and the WHOeyes. The ADC
> function would determine the testing distance. Infrared rangefinder was used
> to determine the testing distance for the ETDRS, and actual testing distance
> for the WHOeyes. A questionnaire-based interview was administered to assess
> satisfaction. Results: The actual testing distance determined by the WHOeyes
> ADC showed an overall good agreement with the desired testing distance in all
> three age groups (p > 0.50). Regarding the distance and near VA testing, the
> accuracy of WHOeyes was equivalent to ETDRS. The mean difference between the
> WHOeyes and ETDRS ranged from -0.084 to 0.012 logMAR, and the quadratic
> weighted kappa (QWK) values were greater than 0.75 across all groups. The
> test-retest reliability of WHOeyes was high for both near and distance VA,
> with a mean difference ranging from -0.040 to 0.004 logMAR and QWK all greater
> than 0.85. The questionnaire revealed an excellent user experience and
> acceptance of WHOeyes. Conclusions: WHOeyes could provide accurate measurement
> of the testing distance as well as the distance and near VA when compared to
> the gold standard ETDRS chart. Keywords: smartphone-based; visual acuity test;
> WHOeyes, V@home; ETDRS;




LARGE-SCALE PROTEOME-WIDE MENDELIAN RANDOMIZATION IDENTIFIES NOVEL PROTEINS FOR
GLAUCOMA AND RELATED TRAITS

：-
Ziyu Zhu,Shaopeng Yang,Hubert Yuenhei Lao,Xiaoying Zhong,Huangdong Li,Riqian
Liu,Wenyong Huang,Wei Wang
Abstract Browse Download Favorites
Proteome Mendelian Randomization Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Ganglion Cell-Inner
Plexiform Layer (GCIPL) Thickness Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer (RNFL) Thickness
Intraocular Pressure

> Purpose: To identify plasma proteins that are causally related to primary
> open-angle glaucoma (POAG) for potential therapeutic targeting. Methods: A
> two-sample MR analysis, supplemented by bidirectional MR, Bayesian
> co-localization analysis, and phenotype scanning, was conducted to examine the
> causal relationships between plasma proteins and POAG. The analysis was
> validated by identifying associations between plasma proteins and POAG-related
> traits, followed by a systematic evaluation of protein druggability. Results:
> Eighteen proteins were identified with significant associations with POAG risk
> after multiple comparison adjustments. The ORs per standard deviation increase
> in protein levels ranged from 0.39 (95% CI: 0.24–0.62; P = 7.70 × 10-5) for
> Phospholipase C gamma 1 (PLCG1) to 1.29 (95% CI: 1.16–1.44; P = 6.72 × 10-6)
> for Nidogen-1 (NID1). Five proteins (SEL1L, ROBO1, AXL, NID1, GFER)
> demonstrated strong genetic linkage to POAG. Further, validation analyses
> identified nine proteins causally related to POAG traits, with five (IL18R1,
> IL1R1, PLCG1, RNASE1, SPINK6) revealing consistent directional associations.
> In addition, 18 causal proteins were highlighted for their druggability, 5 of
> which are either approved drugs or under clinical trial. Conclusions: This
> study identifies 18 plasma proteins as potential therapeutic targets for POAG,
> particularly emphasizing the role of genomic and proteomic integration in drug
> discovery.




ANALYSIS OF INFLUENCING FACTORS OF REFUSAL OF VITRECTOMY IN PATIENTS WITH
PROLIFERATIVE DIABETIC RETINOPATHY

：-
Huan Li,Wei Wang,Yunchang Wang,Shicong Ban,Ping Dong,Hao Wang
Abstract Browse Download Favorites
Proliferative diabetic retinopathy; vitrectomy; diabetic systemic complications;
refusal of surgery

> Objective: To analyze the influencing factors of refusal of vitrectomy in
> patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).Methods: A total of 517
> patients with PDR who underwent vitrectomy in Xingtai City from January 2021
> to August 2022 were selected and divided into two groups according to whether
> they underwent surgical treatment.The personal and disease characteristics of
> the patients were collected. Logistic regression was used to analyze the
> influencing factors of non-vitrectomy.Results: 126 patients (24%) did not
> undergo vitrectomy. There were statistically significant differences in the
> proportion of patients received retinal photocoagulation, combined with other
> serious systemic diseases, and preoperative visual acuity improvement between
> the two groups (P<0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that no previous retinal
> photocoagulation treatment(OR=0.414,95% CI0.236-0.724, p=0.002), combined with
> other serious systemic diseases(OR=11.812,95% CI6.446-21.646, p<0.001), and
> preoperative visual acuity improvement(OR=21.317,95% CI11.756-38.653, p<0.001)
> were the influencing factors for patients who did not undergo
> vitrectomy.Conclusions:Previously not receiving retinal photocoagulation
> treatment, combined with other serious systemic diseases, and preoperative
> visual acuity improvement are the influencing factors for patients not
> undergoing vitrectomy. Early knowledge popularization should be strengthened,
> targeted communication with patients should be carried out, and patients'
> confidence in surgery should be established.

Original Article


IDENTIFICATION OF NOVEL DRUG TARGETS FOR DIABETIC RETINOPATHY: PROTEOME-WIDE
MENDELIAN RANDOMIZATION AND COLOCALIZATION ANALYSES

2024，1（1）：26-44
Shaopeng Yang(杨少鹏),Ziyu Zhu(朱梓瑜),Riqian Liu(刘日乾),Wenyong Huang(黄文勇),Wei Wang(王伟)
Abstract Browse Download Favorites
plasma proteome mendelian randomization therapeutic targets GWAS colocalization
analysis diabetic retinopathy

> Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) urgently needs novel and effective
> therapeutic targets. Integrated analyses of plasma proteomic and genetic
> markers can clarify the causal relevance of proteins and discover novel
> targets for diseases, but no systematic screening for DR has been performed.
> 
> Methods: Summary statistics of plasma protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL)
> were derived from two extensive genome-wide analysis study (GWAS) datasets and
> one systematic review, with over 100 thousand participants covering thousands
> of plasma proteins. DR data were sourced from the largest FinnGen study,
> comprising 10,413 DR cases and 308,633 European controls. Genetic instrumental
> variables were identified using multiple filters. In the two-sample
> MR analysis, Wald ratio and inverse variance-weighted (IVW) MR were utilized
> to investigate the
> causality of plasma proteins with DR. Bidirectional MR, Bayesian
> Co-localization, and phenotype scanning were employed to test for potential
> reverse causality and confounding factors in the main MR analyses. By
> systemically searching druggable gene lists, the ChEMBL database, DrugBank,
> and Gene Ontology database, the druggability and relevant functional pathways
> of the identified proteins were systematically evaluated.
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> Results: Genetically predicted levels of 24 proteins were significantly
> associated with DR risk at a false discovery rate <0.05 including 11 with
> positive associations and 13 with negative associations. For each standard
> deviation increase in plasm protein levels, the odds ratios (ORs) for DR
> varied from 0.51 (95% CI: 0.36-0.73; P=2.22×10-5) for tubulin
> polymerization-promoting protein family member 3 (TPPP3) to 2.02 (95% CI:
> 1.44-2.83; P=5.01×10-5) for olfactomedin like 3 (OLFML3). Bidirectional MR
> indicated there was no reverse causality that interfered with the results of
> the main MR analyses. Four proteins exhibited strong co-localization evidence
> (PH4 ≥0.8): cytoplasmic tRNA synthetase (WARS), acrosin
> binding protein(ACRBP), and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1) were
> negatively associated with DR risk, while neurogenic locus notch homolog
> protein 2 (NOTCH2) showed a positive association. No confounding factors were
> detected between pQTLs and DR according to the phenotypic scan. Drugability
> assessments highlighted 6 proteins already in drug development endeavor and 18
> novel drug targets, with metalloproteinase inhibitor 3 (TIMP) currently in
> phase I clinical trials for DR. GO analysis identified 18 of 24 plasma
> proteins enriching 22 pathways related to cell differentiation
> and proliferation regulation.
> 
> 
> 
> Conclusions:Twenty-four promising drug targets for DR were identified,
> including four plasma proteins with particular co-localization evidence. These
> findings offer new insights into DR's etiology and therapeutic targeting,
> exemplifying the value of genomic and proteomic data in drug target discovery.




TESTER

：-
Wei Wang,Wei Wang
Abstract Browse Download Favorites
tester

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> Privacy Policy




TESTER

：-
Wei Wang,Zhenzhen Liu,Wei Wang
Abstract Browse Download Favorites
tester

> 1. Scope of application (a) When you register for this website account, you
> provide personal registration information according to the requirements of the
> website; (b) The information on your browser and computer that this website
> automatically receives and records when you use the web services of this
> website or visit the Web pages of this platform, including but not limited to
> your IP address, the type of browser, the language used, the date and time of
> access, software and hardware characteristics information and the web records
> you require; (c) Personal data of users obtained by this website from business
> partners through lawful means. (d) Users of this website are strictly
> prohibited from Posting objectionable information, such as nudity, pornography
> and profane content. We will review the content posted and disable all
> permissions of the user once found to be objectionable. 2. Use of information
> (a) This website will not provide, sell, rent, share or trade your personal
> login information to any unrelated third party. If we store repairs or
> upgrades, we will send a push message to notify you in advance, please allow
> this page message notification in advance. (b) This website also does not
> allow any third party to collect, edit, sell or distribute your personal
> information by any means. If any user of this website engages in the above
> activities, once found, this website has the right to immediately terminate
> the service agreement with the user. (c) For the purpose of serving users,
> this website may provide you with information of interest to you through the
> use of your personal information, including but not limited to sending you
> information about products and services, or sharing information with partners
> of this website so that they can send you information about their products and
> services (the latter requires your prior consent) 3. Information disclosure
> Under the following circumstances, this website will disclose your personal
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> provisions of the law: (a) We will not disclose to third parties without your
> prior consent; (b) Share your personal information with third parties in order
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> (d) If you have violated the relevant laws and regulations of China or this
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> it to the respondent at the request of the Respondent so that the parties can
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> where the information and data collected on this website are located and will
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> not refuse to accept cookies, the website will set up or access cookies on
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> or features that rely on cookies. The use of cookies on this website can
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IDENTIFICATION OF NOVEL DRUG TARGETS FOR DIABETIC RETINOPATHY: PROTEOME-WIDE
MENDELIAN RANDOMIZATION AND COLOCALIZATION ANALYSES

：-
Shaopeng Yang,Ziyu Zhu,Riqian Liu,Wenyong Huang,Wei Wang
Abstract Browse Download Favorites
plasma proteome mendelian randomization therapeutic targets GWAS colocalization
analysis diabetic retinopathy

> Aims: To identify plasma proteins with causal links to diabetic retinopathy
> (DR) for potential therapeutic targets. Materials and methods: Summary
> statistics of plasma protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) were derived from
> two extensive GWAS datasets and one systematic review, with over 100 thousand
> participants covering thousands of plasma proteins. DR data were sourced from
> the largest FinnGen study, comprising 10,413 DR cases and 30,863 European
> controls. Two-sample MR approach was utilized to investigate the causality of
> plasma proteins with DR, followed by bidirectional MR, Bayesian
> Co-localization analysis, and phenotype scanning to ensure robustness of the
> MR results. Druggability of the identified proteins were systematically
> evaluated. Results: Genetically predicted levels of 24 proteins were
> significantly associated with DR risk after multiple testing correction. For
> each standard deviation increase in plasm protein levels, the odds ratio (OR)
> for DR varied from 0.51 (95% CI: 0.36-0.73; P=2.22×10-5) for Tubulin
> Polymerization-Promoting Protein Family Member 3 (TPPP3) to 2.02 (95% CI:
> 1.44-2.83; P=5.01×10-5) for Olfactomedin like 3 (OLFML3). Four proteins
> exhibited strong co-localization evidence (PH4 ≥0.8): WARS, ACRBP, and ICAM1
> were negatively associated with DR risk, while NOTCH2 showed a positive
> association. Drugability assessments highlighted these 24 proteins as
> potential DR targets, with two of them currently in phase I clinical trials.
> Conclusions: Twenty-four promising drug targets for DR were identified,
> including four plasma proteins with particularly promise. These findings offer
> new insights into DR's etiology and therapeutic targeting, exemplifying the
> value of genomic and proteomic data in drug target discovery.


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