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<div class="fmr"> Volume 14,Issue 6<br> 01 December 2021<br>
<!--(In Progress)-->
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<div class="articlesectionlisting">
<a name="Review"></a>
<div class="dbt_header">Review</div>
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<div class="article">
<div class="timu">
<a target="_blank" href="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/EN/10.1093/jpe/rtab089" class="txt_biaotisy">UAVs as remote sensing platforms in plant ecology: review of applications and challenges</a>
<img src="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/images/open.jpg">
</div>
<div class="zuozhe">Zhongyu Sun, Xiaonian Wang, Zhihui Wang, Long Yang, Yichun Xie, and Yuhui Huang</div>
<div class="kanmingnjq"> 2021, 14 (6): 1003-1023. </div>
<div class="doih"> doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtab089" target="_blank" class="doih">10.1093/jpe/rtab089</a> </div>
<div class="rich">
<img src="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/images/abstract2.png" width="16" height="16">
<a class="txt_zhaiyao1" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="if (document.getElementById('Abstract81851').style.display=='block') document.getElementById('Abstract81851').style.display='none'; else document.getElementById('Abstract81851').style.display='block'">Abstract</a>
( <font color="red"> 41</font> ) <img src="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/images/1752-9921/pdf.png" width="16" height="16">
<a class="txt_zhaiyao1" href="https://doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtab089"><u>PDF</u></a> <img src="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/images/1752-9921/reb.png" width="16" height="16">
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<div class="title" style="margin:0px 0px 0.6rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:700;font-size:19px;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"> Aims </div>
<p class="chapter-para" style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:15px;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;"> Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), i.e. drones, have recently emerged as cost-effective and flexible tools for
acquiring remote sensing data with fine spatial and temporal resolution. It provides a new method and opportunity for plant ecologists to study issues from individual to regional scales. However, as a new method, UAVs remote sensing
applications in plant ecology are still challenged. The needs of plant ecology research and the application development of UAVs remote sensing should be better integrated. </p>
<div class="title" style="margin:1rem 0px 0.6rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:700;font-size:19px;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"> Methods </div>
<p class="chapter-para" style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:15px;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;"> This report provides a comprehensive review of UAV-based remote sensing applications in plant ecology to
synthesize prospects of applying drones to advance plant ecology research. </p>
<div class="title" style="margin:1rem 0px 0.6rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:700;font-size:19px;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"> Important Findings </div>
<p class="chapter-para" style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:15px;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;"> Of the 400 references, 59% were published in remote sensing journals rather than in plant ecology journals,
reflecting a substantial gap between the interests of remote sensing experts and plant ecologists. Most of the studies focused on UAV remote sensing’s technical aspects, such as data processing and remote sensing inversion, with little
attention on answering ecological questions. There were 61% of studies involved community-scale research. RGB and multispectral cameras were the most used sensors (75%). More ecologically meaningful parameters can be extracted from UAV
data to better understand the canopy surface irregularity and community heterogeneity, identify geometrical characteristics of canopy gaps and construct canopy chemical assemblies from living vegetation volumes. More cooperation between
plant ecologists and remote sensing experts is needed to promote UAV remote sensing in advancing plant ecology research. </p>
</div>
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<div class="articlesectionlisting">
<a name="Short Communication"></a>
<div class="dbt_header">Short Communication</div>
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</ul>
<ul>
<div class="article">
<div class="timu">
<a target="_blank" href="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/EN/10.1093/jpe/rtab056" class="txt_biaotisy">Grazing-induced legacy effects enhance plant adaption to drought by larger root allocation plasticity</a>
</div>
<div class="zuozhe">Feng-Hui Guo, Xi-Liang Li, Jing-Jing Yin, Saheed Olaide Jimoh and Xiang-Yang Hou</div>
<div class="kanmingnjq"> 2021, 14 (6): 1024-1029. </div>
<div class="doih"> doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtab056" target="_blank" class="doih">10.1093/jpe/rtab056</a> </div>
<div class="rich">
<img src="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/images/abstract2.png" width="16" height="16">
<a class="txt_zhaiyao1" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="if (document.getElementById('Abstract81657').style.display=='block') document.getElementById('Abstract81657').style.display='none'; else document.getElementById('Abstract81657').style.display='block'">Abstract</a>
( <font color="red"> 42</font> ) <img src="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/images/1752-9921/pdf.png" width="16" height="16">
<a class="txt_zhaiyao1" href="https://doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtab056"><u>PDF</u></a> <img src="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/images/1752-9921/reb.png" width="16" height="16">
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<div class="title" style="margin:0px 0px 0.6rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:700;font-size:19px;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"> Aims </div>
<p class="chapter-para" style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:15px;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;"> To explore whether grazing-induced legacy effects on plants could benefit plants adaptation to drought. </p>
<div class="title" style="margin:1rem 0px 0.6rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:700;font-size:19px;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"> Methods </div>
<p class="chapter-para" style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:15px;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;"> A water-controlled experiment was conducted in the greenhouse, which with <em>Agropyron
cristatum</em> and <em>Carex korshinskyi</em> collected from free-grazing and enclosed plots on a typical grassland in Inner Mongolia. </p>
<div class="title" style="margin:1rem 0px 0.6rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:700;font-size:19px;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"> Important Findings </div>
<p class="chapter-para" style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:15px;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;"> We found that <em>A. cristatum</em> and <em>C. korshinskyi</em> collected from the
free-grazing plot were less affected by drought in terms of ramet biomass, ramet number and total biomass than those collected from the enclosed plot. The enhanced adaptation to drought for plants collected from the free-grazing plot
should partly be ascribed to the larger root biomass allocation plasticity under drought treatment. Our findings suggest that grazing management can be used to improve the adaptation of grassland plants to climate change. </p>
</div>
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<ul>
<div class="article">
<div class="timu">
<a target="_blank" href="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/EN/10.1093/jpe/rtab066" class="txt_biaotisy">Herbivores alleviate the negative effects of extreme drought on plant community by enhancing dominant species</a>
</div>
<div class="zuozhe">Chong Xu, Yuguang Ke, Honghui Wu, Melinda D. Smith, Nathan P. Lemoine, Weiguo Zhang and Qiang Yu</div>
<div class="kanmingnjq"> 2021, 14 (6): 1030-1036. </div>
<div class="doih"> doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtab066" target="_blank" class="doih">10.1093/jpe/rtab066</a> </div>
<div class="rich">
<img src="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/images/abstract2.png" width="16" height="16">
<a class="txt_zhaiyao1" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="if (document.getElementById('Abstract81705').style.display=='block') document.getElementById('Abstract81705').style.display='none'; else document.getElementById('Abstract81705').style.display='block'">Abstract</a>
( <font color="red"> 54</font> ) <img src="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/images/1752-9921/pdf.png" width="16" height="16">
<a class="txt_zhaiyao1" href="https://doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtab066"><u>PDF</u></a> <img src="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/images/1752-9921/reb.png" width="16" height="16">
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<div class="title" style="margin:0px 0px 0.6rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:700;font-size:19px;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"> Aims </div>
<p class="chapter-para" style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:15px;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;"> Both extreme drought and insect herbivores can suppress plant growth in grassland communities. However, most
studies have examined extreme drought and insects in isolation, and there is reason to believe that insects might alter the ability of grasslands to withstand drought. Unfortunately, few studies have tested the interactive effects of
extreme drought and insect herbivores in grassland communities. </p>
<div class="title" style="margin:1rem 0px 0.6rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:700;font-size:19px;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"> Methods </div>
<p class="chapter-para" style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:15px;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;"> Here, we tested the drought–herbivore interactions using a manipulative experiment that factorially crossed
extreme drought with the exclusion of insect herbivores in a temperate semiarid grassland in Inner Mongolia. </p>
<div class="title" style="margin:1rem 0px 0.6rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:700;font-size:19px;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"> Important Findings </div>
<p class="chapter-para" style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:15px;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;"> Our results demonstrated that both extreme drought and insect herbivores separately decreased total plant
cover. When combined, insect herbivores reduced the impact of drought on total cover by increasing the relative abundance of drought-resistant dominant species. Our results highlight that the negative effect of extreme drought on total
plant cover could be alleviated by maintaining robust insect herbivore communities. </p>
</div>
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<a name="Research Articles"></a>
<div class="dbt_header">Research Articles</div>
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<div class="article">
<div class="timu">
<a target="_blank" href="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/EN/10.1093/jpe/rtab043" class="txt_biaotisy">The sexual dimorphism displayed by the roots of mulberry (<em>Morus alba</em>) saplings depends on the sex of the neighboring plants</a>
</div>
<div class="zuozhe">Chunyan Zhang, Juan Zhu, Gang Liu, Youyou Huang, Gaiqun Huang and Xiao Xu</div>
<div class="kanmingnjq"> 2021, 14 (6): 1037-1046. </div>
<div class="doih"> doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtab043" target="_blank" class="doih">10.1093/jpe/rtab043</a> </div>
<div class="rich">
<img src="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/images/abstract2.png" width="16" height="16">
<a class="txt_zhaiyao1" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="if (document.getElementById('Abstract71515').style.display=='block') document.getElementById('Abstract71515').style.display='none'; else document.getElementById('Abstract71515').style.display='block'">Abstract</a>
( <font color="red"> 15</font> ) <img src="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/images/1752-9921/pdf.png" width="16" height="16">
<a class="txt_zhaiyao1" href="https://doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtab043"><u>PDF</u></a> <img src="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/images/1752-9921/reb.png" width="16" height="16">
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<div class="title" style="margin:0px 0px 0.6rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:700;font-size:19px;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"> Aims </div>
<p class="chapter-para" style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:15px;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;"> Dioecious plants present sexual dimorphism, but how the root traits and nutrient uptake of female and male
plants in dioecious species response to the sexual identity change of the neighbor plants are poorly understood. </p>
<div class="title" style="margin:1rem 0px 0.6rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:700;font-size:19px;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"> Methods </div>
<p class="chapter-para" style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:15px;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;"> Mulberry (<em>Morus alba</em> L.), a dioecious plant widely distributed in China, was employed in our
study. Male and female plants were grown with neighbors of the same and opposite sex for 3 months. At harvest, the root anatomy, root morphology, nutrient concentrations and biomass accumulation were measured. </p>
<div class="title" style="margin:1rem 0px 0.6rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:700;font-size:19px;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"> Important Findings </div>
<p class="chapter-para" style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:15px;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;"> When grown with the opposite sex, the males showed decreases in root xylem size, biomass of root and stem
and increases in root N, P and K concentrations compared with grown with the same sex. By contrast, females showed significant increases in xylem size, fine root system (e.g. fine root length, root surface area and root volume), root
carbon isotope composition (δ <span style="font-style:inherit;font-size:0.75rem;line-height:normal;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;">13</span>C) and root N, P and K concentrations. The changes in the δ <span
style="font-style:inherit;font-size:0.75rem;line-height:normal;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;">13</span>C and N, P and K concentrations in male and female plants were associated with the changes of root traits. These results
demonstrated that the sexual identity of the neighboring plants affected root anatomy and morphology of female and male mulberry plants. Meanwhile, the responses of female and male plants to the sex change of the neighboring plants showed
sexual dimorphism, which influenced water-use efficiency and resource acquisition. These findings are important for understanding the population dynamics of other dioecious species in forestry and natural systems. </p>
</div>
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<div class="article">
<div class="timu">
<a target="_blank" href="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/EN/10.1093/jpe/rtab044" class="txt_biaotisy">Soil burial has a greater effect on litter decomposition rate than nitrogen enrichment in alpine grasslands</a>
</div>
<div class="zuozhe">Yuan Su, Jiajia Le, Xiaofei Ma, Xiaolong Zhou, Yunxin Zhang, Yanming Gong, Wenxuan Han, Kaihui Li and Xuejun Liu</div>
<div class="kanmingnjq"> 2021, 14 (6): 1047-1059. </div>
<div class="doih"> doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtab044" target="_blank" class="doih">10.1093/jpe/rtab044</a> </div>
<div class="rich">
<img src="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/images/abstract2.png" width="16" height="16">
<a class="txt_zhaiyao1" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="if (document.getElementById('Abstract71519').style.display=='block') document.getElementById('Abstract71519').style.display='none'; else document.getElementById('Abstract71519').style.display='block'">Abstract</a>
( <font color="red"> 33</font> ) <img src="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/images/1752-9921/pdf.png" width="16" height="16">
<a class="txt_zhaiyao1" href="https://doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtab044"><u>PDF</u></a> <img src="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/images/1752-9921/reb.png" width="16" height="16">
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<div class="title" style="margin:0px 0px 0.6rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:700;font-size:19px;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"> Aims </div>
<p class="chapter-para" style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:15px;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;"> Litter is frequently buried in the soil in alpine grasslands due to grassland degradation, serious rodent
infestation and frequent strong winds. However, the effects of various litter positions on litter decomposition rates and nutrient dynamics under nitrogen (N) enrichment in such areas remain unknown. </p>
<div class="title" style="margin:1rem 0px 0.6rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:700;font-size:19px;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"> Methods </div>
<p class="chapter-para" style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:15px;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;"> A field experiment was performed in the alpine grasslands of northwest China to investigate the influence of
litter position (surface, buried in the soil and standing) and N enrichment on litter decomposition, using data from two dominant grass species (<em>Festuca ovina</em> and <em>Leymus tianschanicus</em>) in control and N-enriched
plots. </p>
<div class="title" style="margin:1rem 0px 0.6rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:700;font-size:19px;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"> Important Findings </div>
<p class="chapter-para" style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:15px;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;"> Litter decomposition rates were much faster in buried litter and slower in standing litter than in surface
litter. N enrichment significantly affected litter quality and then influenced decomposition. But no significant differences in litter mass remaining were observed between control and N-enriched soil burial. These results indicated that N
enrichment significantly affected litter decomposition by changes in litter quality. In addition, all litter exhibited net carbon (C) and phosphorus (P) release regardless of treatments. Litter exhibited net N accumulation for litter from
the control plots but showed N release for litter from N enrichment plots. These suggested that litter decomposition can be limited by N and N enrichment influenced N cycling of litter. Current study presented direct evidence that soil
buried litter exhibited faster mass loss and C release, and that soil burial can be a candidate explanation why litter decomposes faster than expected in dryland. </p>
</div>
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<ul style="display: none;">
<div class="article">
<div class="timu">
<a target="_blank" href="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/EN/10.1093/jpe/rtab045" class="txt_biaotisy">Provenance-specific ecophysiological responses to drought in <em>Cunninghamia lanceolata</em></a>
</div>
<div class="zuozhe">Shuang Gao, Ze-Yu Cai, Cong-Cong Yang, Jian-Xun Luo and Sheng Zhang</div>
<div class="kanmingnjq"> 2021, 14 (6): 1060-1072. </div>
<div class="doih"> doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtab045" target="_blank" class="doih">10.1093/jpe/rtab045</a> </div>
<div class="rich">
<img src="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/images/abstract2.png" width="16" height="16">
<a class="txt_zhaiyao1" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="if (document.getElementById('Abstract71520').style.display=='block') document.getElementById('Abstract71520').style.display='none'; else document.getElementById('Abstract71520').style.display='block'">Abstract</a>
( <font color="red"> 29</font> ) <img src="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/images/1752-9921/pdf.png" width="16" height="16">
<a class="txt_zhaiyao1" href="https://doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtab045"><u>PDF</u></a> <img src="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/images/1752-9921/reb.png" width="16" height="16">
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<div class="title" style="margin:0px 0px 0.6rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:700;font-size:19px;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"> Aims </div>
<p class="chapter-para" style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:15px;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;">
<em>Cunninghamia lanceolata</em> is one of the most important coniferous species in southern China, but its high sensitivity to drought restricts its expansion. Understanding the intraspecific variation of physiological responses to
drought can help us manage this plantation better.
</p>
<div class="title" style="margin:1rem 0px 0.6rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:700;font-size:19px;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"> Methods </div>
<p class="chapter-para" style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:15px;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;"> We selected 3-year-old seedlings of <em>C. lanceolata</em>, which originated from the low precipitation
(LP), middle precipitation (MP) and high precipitation (HP) habitats, respectively. Seedlings were grown under drought stress (20% of soil volumetric water content) for 40 days. The ecophysiological responses and adaptive strategies with
different drought tolerance were investigated. </p>
<div class="title" style="margin:1rem 0px 0.6rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:700;font-size:19px;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"> Important Findings </div>
<p class="chapter-para" style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:15px;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;"> LP provenance possessed the best tolerance to drought stress, suggesting that considerably increased
carbohydrates and nitrogen-containing compounds as osmotic protective materials, which were driven by fast carbon and nitrogen metabolisms. In addition, the highest peroxidase activity could effectively eliminate hydrogen peroxide in
drought-stressed LP provenance. The MP provenance reserved a large amount of non-structural carbohydrates, which may act as a certain buffer for encountering drought stress. Importantly, timely closure of stomata to reduce needle
transpiration when encountering a water deficiency would help them adapt to long-term drought. MP provenance adopted a conservative water-saving strategy. However, HP provenance regulated root growth (increased root/shoot ratio) and
reduced penetration potential to help them absorb water. The different strategies among provenances may be related to the long-term domestication of the geographical environments. Therefore, our results underline the importance of
provenance-specific responses to drought stress. It is highly significant to accelerate the selection of drought-resistant germplasms and to cultivate high-yield plantations in the future. </p>
</div>
</div>
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<ul style="display: none;">
<div class="article">
<div class="timu">
<a target="_blank" href="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/EN/10.1093/jpe/rtab052" class="txt_biaotisy">Effects of western juniper (<em>Juniperus occidentalis</em>) control on ecosystem nitrogen stocks in central Oregon, USA</a>
</div>
<div class="zuozhe">Mohamed A.B. Abdallah, Ricardo Mata-González, Jay S. Noller and Carlos G. Ochoa</div>
<div class="kanmingnjq"> 2021, 14 (6): 1073-1089. </div>
<div class="doih"> doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtab052" target="_blank" class="doih">10.1093/jpe/rtab052</a> </div>
<div class="rich">
<img src="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/images/abstract2.png" width="16" height="16">
<a class="txt_zhaiyao1" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="if (document.getElementById('Abstract81660').style.display=='block') document.getElementById('Abstract81660').style.display='none'; else document.getElementById('Abstract81660').style.display='block'">Abstract</a>
( <font color="red"> 15</font> ) <img src="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/images/1752-9921/pdf.png" width="16" height="16">
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<div class="title" style="margin:0px 0px 0.6rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:700;font-size:19px;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"> Aims </div>
<p class="chapter-para" style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:15px;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;"> In the Oregon of USA, the control of western juniper (<em>Juniperus occidentalis</em>) is an accepted
rangeland management practice to restore sagebrush steppe habitats of importance to wildlife and livestock. The effects of juniper cutting on ecosystem nitrogen, however, have not been well addressed although woody plant control has
important implications for local watershed management and regional nitrogen pools. </p>
<div class="title" style="margin:1rem 0px 0.6rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:700;font-size:19px;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"> Methods </div>
<p class="chapter-para" style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:15px;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;"> We quantified ecosystem nitrogen stocks in two adjacent watersheds, comprised of a treated watershed (most
juniper removed) and an untreated watershed (juniper not removed). Thirteen years after juniper removal, we measured aboveground nitrogen stocks for juniper trees, shrubs, grasses and litter in both watersheds. We also measured
belowground nitrogen stocks (roots and soil) in both watersheds at two soil depths (0–25 and 25–50 cm). </p>
<div class="title" style="margin:1rem 0px 0.6rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:700;font-size:19px;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"> Important Findings </div>
<p class="chapter-para" style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:15px;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;"> Aboveground nitrogen stocks were 6.9 times greater in the untreated than in the treated watershed
considering the much larger aboveground biomass. However, root nitrogen stocks were 3.1 times greater in the treated one due to the gain of understory root biomass associated with juniper cutting. Soil nitrogen stocks at both 0–25 and
25–50 cm depths were not affected by juniper removal. Overall, total ecosystem nitrogen stocks did not differ between the treated (9536 kg N ha<span
style="font-style:inherit;font-size:0.75rem;line-height:normal;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;">−1</span>) and untreated (9456 kg N ha<span
style="font-style:inherit;font-size:0.75rem;line-height:normal;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;">−1</span>) watersheds. The greatest ecosystem nitrogen accumulation (at least 95% total ecosystem nitrogen) resided belowground
(soil 0–50 cm and roots) in both watersheds. This study provides evidence that the benefits of juniper removal can be attained without significantly affecting the capacity of ecosystem nitrogen storage. </p>
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<a target="_blank" href="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/EN/10.1093/jpe/rtab051" class="txt_biaotisy">Plant ontogenetic changes in vein and stomatal traits and their relationship with economic traits in leaves of three Mediterranean oaks</a>
</div>
<div class="zuozhe">Sonia Mediavilla, Ignacio Martín and Alfonso Escudero</div>
<div class="kanmingnjq"> 2021, 14 (6): 1090-1104. </div>
<div class="doih"> doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtab051" target="_blank" class="doih">10.1093/jpe/rtab051</a> </div>
<div class="rich">
<img src="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/images/abstract2.png" width="16" height="16">
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( <font color="red"> 14</font> ) <img src="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/images/1752-9921/pdf.png" width="16" height="16">
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<div class="title" style="margin:0px 0px 0.6rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:700;font-size:19px;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"> Aims </div>
<p class="chapter-para" style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:15px;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;"> We compared vein and stomatal traits of seedlings and adults of three
Mediterranean <em>Quercus</em> species. Previous work suggests that gas-exchange rates tend to be higher at the seedling stage than in adults. Our objective was to determine whether vein and stomatal traits vary throughout
whole-plant ontogeny in parallel with the changes in gas-exchange rates. We addressed the following alternative hypotheses: hypothesis 1—seedlings show higher vein and stomatal densities than adults; and hypothesis 2—seedlings have lower
investments in vascular tissues to reduce construction costs. </p>
<div class="title" style="margin:1rem 0px 0.6rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:700;font-size:19px;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"> Methods </div>
<p class="chapter-para" style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:15px;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;"> Ten specimens from each growth stage were randomly sampled for each species in a location in central-western
Spain. We measured mean stomatal and vein traits (size and number of stomata per unit of leaf area, vein density, vein volume, vein to epidermis distance), leaf mass per area and lamina thickness. </p>
<div class="title" style="margin:1rem 0px 0.6rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:700;font-size:19px;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"> Important Findings </div>
<p class="chapter-para" style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:15px;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;"> Minor vein density and vein volume per area increased with tree age, which seems inconsistent with the
ontogenetic trends in gas-exchange rates. This discrepancy is in support of our hypothesis 2, and it suggests that, at the seedling stage, reducing investments in vascular tissues in benefit of maximizing growth rates is a priority.
Larger interveinal distances in seedlings were compensated by smaller vein to epidermis distances. The thin leaves of the seedlings may thus constitute as a necessary trait for achieving shorter path length distances for the transport of
water to evaporation sites without the need for a strong investment in costly vascular tissues. </p>
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<a target="_blank" href="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/EN/10.1093/jpe/rtab054" class="txt_biaotisy">Leaf hydraulic traits of larch and ash trees in response to long-term nitrogen addition in northeastern China</a>
</div>
<div class="zuozhe">Ying Jin, Chuankuan Wang, Zhenghu Zhou and Jiacun Gu</div>
<div class="kanmingnjq"> 2021, 14 (6): 1105-1114. </div>
<div class="doih"> doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtab054" target="_blank" class="doih">10.1093/jpe/rtab054</a> </div>
<div class="rich">
<img src="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/images/abstract2.png" width="16" height="16">
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( <font color="red"> 31</font> ) <img src="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/images/1752-9921/pdf.png" width="16" height="16">
<a class="txt_zhaiyao1" href="https://doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtab054"><u>PDF</u></a> <img src="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/images/1752-9921/reb.png" width="16" height="16">
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<div class="title" style="margin:0px 0px 0.6rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:700;font-size:19px;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"> Aims </div>
<p class="chapter-para" style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:15px;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;"> Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition influences tree hydraulic architecture and thus the growth and survival;
but the responses of leaf hydraulic traits remain uncertain, and may vary with species or plant functional types. </p>
<div class="title" style="margin:1rem 0px 0.6rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:700;font-size:19px;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"> Methods </div>
<p class="chapter-para" style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:15px;font-family:inherit;"> We used the 16-year N addition experiment (10 g N m<span
style="font-style:inherit;font-size:0.75rem;line-height:normal;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"><sup>−2</sup></span> year<span
style="font-style:inherit;font-size:0.75rem;line-height:normal;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"><sup>−1</sup></span>) on <em>Fraxinus mandshurica</em> (ash, broadleaf angiosperm) and <em>Larix
gmelinii</em> (larch, conifer gymnosperm) plantations in northeastern China and examined the effect of N addition on their leaf hydraulics. We measured the leaf pressure–volume traits by the bench drying method and quantified the
maximum leaf hydraulic conductance (<em>K</em><sub>leaf_max</sub>) and resistance to embolism (<em>P</em><sub>50leaf</sub>) by the timed rehydration method. </p>
<div class="title" style="margin:1rem 0px 0.6rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:700;font-size:19px;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"> Important Findings </div>
<p class="chapter-para" style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:15px;font-family:inherit;"> Larch had higher <em>K</em><sub>leaf_max</sub> and stronger drought tolerance (i.e., lower relative water content at
turgor loss point (RWC<sub>tlp</sub>) and modulus of elasticity (<em>ε</em>), and more negative <em>P</em><sub>50leaf</sub>) than ash. N addition increased the leaf osmotic potential at turgor loss (<em>π</em><sub>tlp</sub>) and full
turgor (<em>π</em><sub>0</sub>), and leaf capacitance (<em>C</em><sub>leaf_mass</sub>) for ash but not for larch, indicating that ash is more sensitive to N addition. N addition consistently
increased <em>K</em><sub>leaf_max</sub> and <em>P</em><sub>50leaf</sub> values for both species. <em>π</em><sub>tlp</sub> and <em>π</em><sub>0</sub> were positively
while <em>C</em><sub>leaf_mass</sub> was negatively correlated with leaf density (LD) for ash. <em>K</em><sub>leaf_max</sub> was positively but <em>P</em><sub>50leaf</sub> was negatively related with LD for
larch. There were negative relationships between <em>K</em><sub>leaf_max</sub> and <em>P</em><sub>50leaf</sub> for both species. Overall, our findings suggest that long-term N addition decreases the leaf drought
tolerance for these two important tree species, which improve the understanding of the tree hydraulic performance under N deposition. </p>
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<a target="_blank" href="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/EN/10.1093/jpe/rtab060" class="txt_biaotisy">Leaf traits from stomata to morphology are associated with climatic and edaphic variables for dominant tropical forest evergreen oaks</a>
<img src="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/images/open.jpg">
</div>
<div class="zuozhe">Yutong Lin, Luhui Kuang, Songbo Tang, Zhijian Mou, Oliver L. Phillips, Hans Lambers, Zhanfeng Liu, Jordi Sardans, Josep Peñuelas, Yuan Lai, Mingxian Lin, Dexiang Chen, and Yuanwen Kuang</div>
<div class="kanmingnjq"> 2021, 14 (6): 1115-1127. </div>
<div class="doih"> doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtab060" target="_blank" class="doih">10.1093/jpe/rtab060</a> </div>
<div class="rich">
<img src="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/images/abstract2.png" width="16" height="16">
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( <font color="red"> 16</font> ) <img src="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/images/1752-9921/pdf.png" width="16" height="16">
<a class="txt_zhaiyao1" href="https://doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtab060"><u>PDF</u></a> <img src="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/images/1752-9921/reb.png" width="16" height="16">
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<div class="title" style="margin:0px 0px 0.6rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:700;font-size:19px;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"> Aims </div>
<p class="chapter-para" style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:15px;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;"> Understanding variation and coordination of leaf traits at multiscales along elevational gradients can help
predict the likely responses of dominant species to climate change. We seek to determine the extent to which variation in leaf stomatal, anatomical and morphological traits is associated with environmental factors, and whether ecological
strategies of <em>Cyclobalanopsis</em> species shift with elevations. </p>
<div class="title" style="margin:1rem 0px 0.6rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:700;font-size:19px;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"> Methods </div>
<p class="chapter-para" style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:15px;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;"> In a tropical forest landscape in Jianfengling, South China, we determined leaf traits related to stomata,
anatomy and morphology of six evergreen oak species (<em>Cyclobalanopsis bambusaefolia</em>, <em>C. hui</em>, <em>C. patelliformis</em>, <em>C. fleuryi</em>, <em>C. tiaoloshanica</em> and <em>C. phanera</em>)
along a long elevational gradient (400–1400 m above sea level). </p>
<div class="title" style="margin:1rem 0px 0.6rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:700;font-size:19px;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"> Important Findings </div>
<p class="chapter-para" style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:15px;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;"> We found that stomatal density and stomatal pore index increased, whereas spongy mesophyll thickness to leaf
thickness ratios decreased, significantly with elevation. The leaf area and leaf dry matter content increased and decreased, respectively, with elevation. Variations in stomatal, anatomical and morphological traits were mainly correlated
to the mean annual temperature, mean annual sum precipitation and soil pH. At low and high elevations, the oak species exhibited strong stress tolerance combined with competition strategy, while they shifted toward more clearly the
competitive strategy at intermediate elevations. And the changes in soil phosphorus concentration and soil pH along the elevation may drive the shift of ecological strategy. The results showed that the dominant oak species in tropical
forests respond to environmental change by modulating traits at multiple levels, from that of the individual cell, through tissue and up to the whole leaf scale. </p>
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<a target="_blank" href="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/EN/10.1093/jpe/rtab059" class="txt_biaotisy"><span>Drought adaptability of phreatophytes: insight from vertical root distribution in drylands of China</span></a>
<img src="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/images/open.jpg">
</div>
<div class="zuozhe">Tian-Ye Wang, Ping Wang, Ze-Lin Wang, Guo-Yue Niu, Jing-Jie Yu, Ning Ma, Ze-Ning Wu, Sergey P. Pozdniakov and Deng-Hua Yan</div>
<div class="kanmingnjq"> 2021, 14 (6): 1128-1142. </div>
<div class="doih"> doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtab059" target="_blank" class="doih">10.1093/jpe/rtab059</a> </div>
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<img src="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/images/abstract2.png" width="16" height="16">
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( <font color="red"> 6</font> ) <img src="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/images/1752-9921/reb.png" width="16" height="16">
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<span>从根系垂向分布认识地下水依赖型植物的干旱适应性——以中国干旱区为例</span><br>
<span>根系垂向分布是植物与环境相互作用的综合结果。由于对植物细根垂向分布状况及其与环境因素复杂相互作用关系仍缺乏足够认识，导致对气候变化影响下植被动态预测存在很大的不确定性。本研究以柽柳(</span><em>Tamarix ramosissima</em><span>)和胡杨(</span><em>Populus
euphratica</em><span>)两种干旱区河岸带地下水依赖型植物为对象，通过对根系剖面和根系分布数据文献收集整理，并结合根系与环境要素关系等方面，探讨和解析了干旱区植物对干旱环境的适应能力。研究结果表明，柽柳和胡杨两种植物根系具有强向水性(依赖地下水)和灵活的水分利用策略，使得它们可以在极端干旱环境中生存。根系分布特征的差异决定了两种植物发育环境的不同，即柽柳相比胡杨拥有更高的根系可塑性，使其具有更高效的水分利用，从而保证了其在更加复杂多样的气候、土壤等环境条件下生存。地下水依赖型植物根系剖面形态差异大，反映了其具有较强的根系适应能力，从而具有较宽的生态位和较强的生态韧性。因此，在地球系统模式中，亟需发展基于物理过程的根系动态方案，以克服当前模型普遍存在对植物根系塑性刻画不足的问题，从而提升未来气候变化情景下植被响应预测能力。</span>
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<a target="_blank" href="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/EN/10.1093/jpe/rtab061" class="txt_biaotisy">Seasonality regulates the effects of resource addition on plant diversity and ecosystem functioning in semi-arid grassland</a>
</div>
<div class="zuozhe">Feng-Wei Xu, Jian-Jun Li, Ji-Shuai Su, Xiao-Ming Lu, Yang Wang, Li-Ji Wu, Chao-Nan Wang, Di-Ma Chen, and Yong-Fei Bai</div>
<div class="kanmingnjq"> 2021, 14 (6): 1143-1157. </div>
<div class="doih"> doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtab061" target="_blank" class="doih">10.1093/jpe/rtab061</a> </div>
<div class="rich">
<img src="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/images/abstract2.png" width="16" height="16">
<a class="txt_zhaiyao1" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="if (document.getElementById('Abstract82047').style.display=='block') document.getElementById('Abstract82047').style.display='none'; else document.getElementById('Abstract82047').style.display='block'">Abstract</a>
( <font color="red"> 15</font> ) <img src="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/images/1752-9921/pdf.png" width="16" height="16">
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<div class="title" style="margin:0px 0px 0.6rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:700;font-size:19px;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"> Aims </div>
<p class="chapter-para" style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:15px;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;"> Seasonal variations in species richness, aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) and stability under
resource enrichment are frequently ignored. This study explores how the impacts of resource enrichment on species richness, ANPP and stability vary among seasons in semi-arid grasslands. </p>
<div class="title" style="margin:1rem 0px 0.6rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:700;font-size:19px;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"> Methods </div>
<p class="chapter-para" style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:15px;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;"> We conducted a 3-year experiment in an Inner Mongolia grassland to determine the effects of resource input
(water [W], nitrogen [N]) on species richness, community ANPP and stability using seasonal sampling during the growing season (2013–2015). Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine the relative importance of resource input on
community stability via mechanistic pathways in each month and the whole growing season. </p>
<div class="title" style="margin:1rem 0px 0.6rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:700;font-size:19px;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"> Important Findings </div>
<p class="chapter-para" style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:15px;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;"> Resource inputs did not affect community ANPP in May and June, while N and/or NW enhanced ANPP in July and
August. Resource inputs generally did not affect species richness, asynchrony or community stability in most of the time. Positive responses of perennial bunchgrasses (PB) to N and/or NW treatments contributed to the increased community
ANPP in July and August. Species asynchrony may be the major mechanism contributing to community stability in May and June and the entire growing season, and PB stability is potentially the primary factor controlling community stability
in July and August under resource enrichment. Our results indicate that season and resource availability could interact to regulate species richness, community ANPP and stability in semi-arid grasslands. These findings have important
implications for management practices in semi-arid grasslands in order to mitigate the impact of land use and global change. </p>
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<a target="_blank" href="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/EN/10.1093/jpe/rtab062" class="txt_biaotisy">Dominant roles but distinct effects of groundwater depth on regulating leaf and fine-root N, P and N:P ratios of plant communities</a>
</div>
<div class="zuozhe">Yin Wang, Jianming Wang, Xiaolin Wang, Yicheng He, Guanjun Li and Jingwen Li</div>
<div class="kanmingnjq"> 2021, 14 (6): 1158-1174. </div>
<div class="doih"> doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtab062" target="_blank" class="doih">10.1093/jpe/rtab062</a> </div>
<div class="rich">
<img src="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/images/abstract2.png" width="16" height="16">
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( <font color="red"> 18</font> ) <img src="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/images/1752-9921/pdf.png" width="16" height="16">
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<div class="title" style="margin:0px 0px 0.6rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:700;font-size:19px;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"> Aims </div>
<p class="chapter-para" style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:15px;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;"> As the determinant of water availability in drylands, groundwater plays a fundamental role in regulating
vegetation distribution and ecosystem processes. Although considerable progress has been made over the past years in the relationship between environment stress and plant community-level traits, the potential influence of water stress
induced by groundwater changes on plant community-level stoichiometry remains largely unclear. Here, we examined whether belowground and aboveground community-level stoichiometry responded differently to groundwater changes. </p>
<div class="title" style="margin:1rem 0px 0.6rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:700;font-size:19px;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"> Methods </div>
<p class="chapter-para" style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:15px;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;"> We measured nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations in plant leaves and fine-roots of 110 plots under
a broad range of groundwater depths in a typical arid inland river basin. We examined the spatial patterns and drivers of community-level N:P stoichiometry in leaves and fine-roots. </p>
<div class="title" style="margin:1rem 0px 0.6rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:700;font-size:19px;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"> Important Findings </div>
<p class="chapter-para" style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:15px;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;"> Community-level leaf and fine-root N, P and N:P ratios were mainly determined by groundwater, vegetation
types and species composition, among which groundwater played a dominant role. Groundwater indirectly regulated community-level N:P stoichiometry through affecting vegetation types and species composition. Vegetation types and species
composition had significant direct influences on community-level N:P stoichiometry. Furthermore, groundwater depth had opposite influences on community-level leaf and fine-root N:P stoichiometry. Groundwater depth regulated vegetation
types and further decreased leaf N, P but increased leaf N:P ratios and fine-root N. Groundwater depth had a positive indirect impact on fine-root P but a negative indirect impact on fine-root N:P ratios primarily by affecting species
composition. Our findings indicate that groundwater rather than climate conditions effectively regulates community-level N:P stoichiometry, and below- and aboveground N:P stoichiometry has opposite responses to groundwater. </p>
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<a target="_blank" href="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/EN/10.1093/jpe/rtab064" class="txt_biaotisy">Biotic and abiotic factors determine species diversity–productivity relationships in mountain meadows</a>
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<div class="zuozhe">Jia-Jia Liu, Yong Xu, You-Xia Shan, Kevin S. Burgess and Xue-Jun Ge</div>
<div class="kanmingnjq"> 2021, 14 (6): 1175-1188. </div>
<div class="doih"> doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtab064" target="_blank" class="doih">10.1093/jpe/rtab064</a> </div>
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<div class="title" style="margin:0px 0px 0.6rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:700;font-size:19px;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"> Aims </div>
<p class="chapter-para" style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:15px;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;"> Species diversity–productivity relationships in natural ecosystems have been well documented in the
literature. However, biotic and abiotic factors that determine their relationships are still poorly understood, especially under future climate change scenarios. </p>
<div class="title" style="margin:1rem 0px 0.6rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:700;font-size:19px;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"> Methods </div>
<p class="chapter-para" style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:15px;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;"> Randomized block factorial experiments were performed in three meadows along an elevational gradient on
Yulong Mountain, China, where open-top chambers and urea fertilizer manipulations were used to simulate warming and nitrogen addition, respectively. Besides species diversity, we measured functional diversity based on five traits: plant
height, specific leaf area and leaf carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus contents. Several abiotic factors relating to climate (air temperature and precipitation) and soil chemistry (pH, organic carbon concentration, total nitrogen
concentration and phosphorus concentration) were also measured. Generalized linear mixed-effect models were used to investigate the responses of species diversity and productivity to elevation, warming, nitrogen addition and their
interactions. The effects of biotic and abiotic factors on the direction and magnitude of their relationship were also assessed. </p>
<div class="title" style="margin:1rem 0px 0.6rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:700;font-size:19px;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"> Important Findings </div>
<p class="chapter-para" style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:15px;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;"> Species diversity decreased with increasing elevation and declined under warming at mid-elevation, while
productivity decreased with increasing elevation. Functional richness, maximum air temperature, soil pH and their interactions showed strong but negative influences on the species diversity–productivity relationship; the relationship
shifted from positive to neutral and then to slightly negative as these sources of variation increased. Our study highlights the negative effects of short-term warming on species diversity and emphasizes the importance of both biotic and
abiotic drivers of species diversity–productivity relationships in mountain meadow communities. </p>
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<a target="_blank" href="https://www.jpe.ac.cn/EN/10.1093/jpe/rtab058" class="txt_biaotisy">The role of soil-borne fungi in driving the coexistence of <em>Pinus massoniana</em> and <em>Lithocarpus glaber</em> in a subtropical forest via plant–soil feedback</a>
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<div class="zuozhe">Yumei Pan, Zhongyuan Yao, Naili Zhang and G. F. (Ciska) Veen</div>
<div class="kanmingnjq"> 2021, 14 (6): 1189-1203. </div>
<div class="doih"> doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtab058" target="_blank" class="doih">10.1093/jpe/rtab058</a> </div>
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<p class="chapter-para" style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:15px;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;"> Plant–soil feedback (PSF) is a key mechanism that can facilitate tree species coexistence and diversity.
Substantial evidence suggests that species-specific soil-borne pathogens around adult trees limit the performance of home (conspecific) seedlings relative to foreign (heterospecific) seedlings. However, the underlying mechanism remains
largely elusive. </p>
<div class="title" style="margin:1rem 0px 0.6rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:700;font-size:19px;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"> Methods </div>
<p class="chapter-para" style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:15px;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;"> Here, we conducted a reciprocal transplant pot experiment using seedlings and from two tree
species, <em>Pinus massoniana</em> and <em>Lithocarpus glaber</em> that are dominant and coexist in a subtropical, evergreen, broad-leaf forest in Gutianshan, Zhejiang Province of eastern China. We examined how
seedlings from the two tree species responded to soils originating from underneath their own versus the other tree species, using a full-factorial design. Additionally, we added a fungicide (benomyl) to half of the pots to evaluate the
role of soil-borne fungi on seedling growth. </p>
<div class="title" style="margin:1rem 0px 0.6rem;padding:0px;border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-weight:700;font-size:19px;font-family:"vertical-align:baseline;"> Important Findings </div>
<p class="chapter-para" style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:15px;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:baseline;"> We found that the seedlings from <em>L. glaber</em> grew better in soils that were collected from
beneath the canopy of <em>P. massoniana</em>, while seedling growth of <em>P. massioniana</em> was not affected by soil origin. The addition of fungicide benomyl resulted in a shift towards more positive PSF effects
for <em>L. glaber</em>, indicating that <em>L. glaber</em> seedlings performed better in their own soils than in soils from <em>P. massoniana</em> in the absence of fungi. Our findings highlight the importance of
soil-borne pathogenic and ectomycorrhizal fungi in driving PSF, and indicate that PSF may promote the coexistence of two subtropical tree species by reducing the performance of <em>L. glaber</em> in own soils. </p>
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Integrative Biology Journals Sign In Register Toggle navigation JPE * Home * About Journal * About JPE * Editorial Board * JPE at Oxford * For Authors * Submission * Author Guidelines * Open Access Option * For Readers * Email Alert * Subscription * Contact Us 第二届植物生态学前沿论坛暨JPE 2021编委会议（已更新详细会议日程！） Call for Papers: Carbon and Water Fluxes in Ecologically Vulnerable Areas in China JPE 2020 Reviewer List Call for Papers for Journal of Plant Ecology: Global Change and Biological Invasion Previous Next 1. 2. 3. 4. IF: 1.774 5-year IF: 2.547 Editors-in-Chief Wen-Hao Zhang Bernhard Schmid CN 10-1172/Q ISSN 1752-9921(print) ISSN 1752-993X(online) Submit a Manuscript Early View Current Issue Advance articles Archive * Volume 14,Issue 6 01 December 2021 Review UAVs as remote sensing platforms in plant ecology: review of applications and challenges Zhongyu Sun, Xiaonian Wang, Zhihui Wang, Long Yang, Yichun Xie, and Yuhui Huang 2021, 14 (6): 1003-1023. doi:10.1093/jpe/rtab089 Abstract ( 41 ) PDF Save Aims Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), i.e. drones, have recently emerged as cost-effective and flexible tools for acquiring remote sensing data with fine spatial and temporal resolution. It provides a new method and opportunity for plant ecologists to study issues from individual to regional scales. However, as a new method, UAVs remote sensing applications in plant ecology are still challenged. The needs of plant ecology research and the application development of UAVs remote sensing should be better integrated. Methods This report provides a comprehensive review of UAV-based remote sensing applications in plant ecology to synthesize prospects of applying drones to advance plant ecology research. Important Findings Of the 400 references, 59% were published in remote sensing journals rather than in plant ecology journals, reflecting a substantial gap between the interests of remote sensing experts and plant ecologists. Most of the studies focused on UAV remote sensing’s technical aspects, such as data processing and remote sensing inversion, with little attention on answering ecological questions. There were 61% of studies involved community-scale research. RGB and multispectral cameras were the most used sensors (75%). More ecologically meaningful parameters can be extracted from UAV data to better understand the canopy surface irregularity and community heterogeneity, identify geometrical characteristics of canopy gaps and construct canopy chemical assemblies from living vegetation volumes. More cooperation between plant ecologists and remote sensing experts is needed to promote UAV remote sensing in advancing plant ecology research. Short Communication Grazing-induced legacy effects enhance plant adaption to drought by larger root allocation plasticity Feng-Hui Guo, Xi-Liang Li, Jing-Jing Yin, Saheed Olaide Jimoh and Xiang-Yang Hou 2021, 14 (6): 1024-1029. doi:10.1093/jpe/rtab056 Abstract ( 42 ) PDF Save Aims To explore whether grazing-induced legacy effects on plants could benefit plants adaptation to drought. Methods A water-controlled experiment was conducted in the greenhouse, which with Agropyron cristatum and Carex korshinskyi collected from free-grazing and enclosed plots on a typical grassland in Inner Mongolia. Important Findings We found that A. cristatum and C. korshinskyi collected from the free-grazing plot were less affected by drought in terms of ramet biomass, ramet number and total biomass than those collected from the enclosed plot. The enhanced adaptation to drought for plants collected from the free-grazing plot should partly be ascribed to the larger root biomass allocation plasticity under drought treatment. Our findings suggest that grazing management can be used to improve the adaptation of grassland plants to climate change. Herbivores alleviate the negative effects of extreme drought on plant community by enhancing dominant species Chong Xu, Yuguang Ke, Honghui Wu, Melinda D. Smith, Nathan P. Lemoine, Weiguo Zhang and Qiang Yu 2021, 14 (6): 1030-1036. doi:10.1093/jpe/rtab066 Abstract ( 54 ) PDF Save Aims Both extreme drought and insect herbivores can suppress plant growth in grassland communities. However, most studies have examined extreme drought and insects in isolation, and there is reason to believe that insects might alter the ability of grasslands to withstand drought. Unfortunately, few studies have tested the interactive effects of extreme drought and insect herbivores in grassland communities. Methods Here, we tested the drought–herbivore interactions using a manipulative experiment that factorially crossed extreme drought with the exclusion of insect herbivores in a temperate semiarid grassland in Inner Mongolia. Important Findings Our results demonstrated that both extreme drought and insect herbivores separately decreased total plant cover. When combined, insect herbivores reduced the impact of drought on total cover by increasing the relative abundance of drought-resistant dominant species. Our results highlight that the negative effect of extreme drought on total plant cover could be alleviated by maintaining robust insect herbivore communities. Research Articles The sexual dimorphism displayed by the roots of mulberry (Morus alba) saplings depends on the sex of the neighboring plants Chunyan Zhang, Juan Zhu, Gang Liu, Youyou Huang, Gaiqun Huang and Xiao Xu 2021, 14 (6): 1037-1046. doi:10.1093/jpe/rtab043 Abstract ( 15 ) PDF Save Aims Dioecious plants present sexual dimorphism, but how the root traits and nutrient uptake of female and male plants in dioecious species response to the sexual identity change of the neighbor plants are poorly understood. Methods Mulberry (Morus alba L.), a dioecious plant widely distributed in China, was employed in our study. Male and female plants were grown with neighbors of the same and opposite sex for 3 months. At harvest, the root anatomy, root morphology, nutrient concentrations and biomass accumulation were measured. Important Findings When grown with the opposite sex, the males showed decreases in root xylem size, biomass of root and stem and increases in root N, P and K concentrations compared with grown with the same sex. By contrast, females showed significant increases in xylem size, fine root system (e.g. fine root length, root surface area and root volume), root carbon isotope composition (δ 13C) and root N, P and K concentrations. The changes in the δ 13C and N, P and K concentrations in male and female plants were associated with the changes of root traits. These results demonstrated that the sexual identity of the neighboring plants affected root anatomy and morphology of female and male mulberry plants. Meanwhile, the responses of female and male plants to the sex change of the neighboring plants showed sexual dimorphism, which influenced water-use efficiency and resource acquisition. These findings are important for understanding the population dynamics of other dioecious species in forestry and natural systems. Soil burial has a greater effect on litter decomposition rate than nitrogen enrichment in alpine grasslands Yuan Su, Jiajia Le, Xiaofei Ma, Xiaolong Zhou, Yunxin Zhang, Yanming Gong, Wenxuan Han, Kaihui Li and Xuejun Liu 2021, 14 (6): 1047-1059. doi:10.1093/jpe/rtab044 Abstract ( 33 ) PDF Save Aims Litter is frequently buried in the soil in alpine grasslands due to grassland degradation, serious rodent infestation and frequent strong winds. However, the effects of various litter positions on litter decomposition rates and nutrient dynamics under nitrogen (N) enrichment in such areas remain unknown. Methods A field experiment was performed in the alpine grasslands of northwest China to investigate the influence of litter position (surface, buried in the soil and standing) and N enrichment on litter decomposition, using data from two dominant grass species (Festuca ovina and Leymus tianschanicus) in control and N-enriched plots. Important Findings Litter decomposition rates were much faster in buried litter and slower in standing litter than in surface litter. N enrichment significantly affected litter quality and then influenced decomposition. But no significant differences in litter mass remaining were observed between control and N-enriched soil burial. These results indicated that N enrichment significantly affected litter decomposition by changes in litter quality. In addition, all litter exhibited net carbon (C) and phosphorus (P) release regardless of treatments. Litter exhibited net N accumulation for litter from the control plots but showed N release for litter from N enrichment plots. These suggested that litter decomposition can be limited by N and N enrichment influenced N cycling of litter. Current study presented direct evidence that soil buried litter exhibited faster mass loss and C release, and that soil burial can be a candidate explanation why litter decomposes faster than expected in dryland. Provenance-specific ecophysiological responses to drought in Cunninghamia lanceolata Shuang Gao, Ze-Yu Cai, Cong-Cong Yang, Jian-Xun Luo and Sheng Zhang 2021, 14 (6): 1060-1072. doi:10.1093/jpe/rtab045 Abstract ( 29 ) PDF Save Aims Cunninghamia lanceolata is one of the most important coniferous species in southern China, but its high sensitivity to drought restricts its expansion. Understanding the intraspecific variation of physiological responses to drought can help us manage this plantation better. Methods We selected 3-year-old seedlings of C. lanceolata, which originated from the low precipitation (LP), middle precipitation (MP) and high precipitation (HP) habitats, respectively. Seedlings were grown under drought stress (20% of soil volumetric water content) for 40 days. The ecophysiological responses and adaptive strategies with different drought tolerance were investigated. Important Findings LP provenance possessed the best tolerance to drought stress, suggesting that considerably increased carbohydrates and nitrogen-containing compounds as osmotic protective materials, which were driven by fast carbon and nitrogen metabolisms. In addition, the highest peroxidase activity could effectively eliminate hydrogen peroxide in drought-stressed LP provenance. The MP provenance reserved a large amount of non-structural carbohydrates, which may act as a certain buffer for encountering drought stress. Importantly, timely closure of stomata to reduce needle transpiration when encountering a water deficiency would help them adapt to long-term drought. MP provenance adopted a conservative water-saving strategy. However, HP provenance regulated root growth (increased root/shoot ratio) and reduced penetration potential to help them absorb water. The different strategies among provenances may be related to the long-term domestication of the geographical environments. Therefore, our results underline the importance of provenance-specific responses to drought stress. It is highly significant to accelerate the selection of drought-resistant germplasms and to cultivate high-yield plantations in the future. Effects of western juniper (Juniperus occidentalis) control on ecosystem nitrogen stocks in central Oregon, USA Mohamed A.B. Abdallah, Ricardo Mata-González, Jay S. Noller and Carlos G. Ochoa 2021, 14 (6): 1073-1089. doi:10.1093/jpe/rtab052 Abstract ( 15 ) PDF Save Aims In the Oregon of USA, the control of western juniper (Juniperus occidentalis) is an accepted rangeland management practice to restore sagebrush steppe habitats of importance to wildlife and livestock. The effects of juniper cutting on ecosystem nitrogen, however, have not been well addressed although woody plant control has important implications for local watershed management and regional nitrogen pools. Methods We quantified ecosystem nitrogen stocks in two adjacent watersheds, comprised of a treated watershed (most juniper removed) and an untreated watershed (juniper not removed). Thirteen years after juniper removal, we measured aboveground nitrogen stocks for juniper trees, shrubs, grasses and litter in both watersheds. We also measured belowground nitrogen stocks (roots and soil) in both watersheds at two soil depths (0–25 and 25–50 cm). Important Findings Aboveground nitrogen stocks were 6.9 times greater in the untreated than in the treated watershed considering the much larger aboveground biomass. However, root nitrogen stocks were 3.1 times greater in the treated one due to the gain of understory root biomass associated with juniper cutting. Soil nitrogen stocks at both 0–25 and 25–50 cm depths were not affected by juniper removal. Overall, total ecosystem nitrogen stocks did not differ between the treated (9536 kg N ha−1) and untreated (9456 kg N ha−1) watersheds. The greatest ecosystem nitrogen accumulation (at least 95% total ecosystem nitrogen) resided belowground (soil 0–50 cm and roots) in both watersheds. This study provides evidence that the benefits of juniper removal can be attained without significantly affecting the capacity of ecosystem nitrogen storage. Plant ontogenetic changes in vein and stomatal traits and their relationship with economic traits in leaves of three Mediterranean oaks Sonia Mediavilla, Ignacio Martín and Alfonso Escudero 2021, 14 (6): 1090-1104. doi:10.1093/jpe/rtab051 Abstract ( 14 ) PDF Save Aims We compared vein and stomatal traits of seedlings and adults of three Mediterranean Quercus species. Previous work suggests that gas-exchange rates tend to be higher at the seedling stage than in adults. Our objective was to determine whether vein and stomatal traits vary throughout whole-plant ontogeny in parallel with the changes in gas-exchange rates. We addressed the following alternative hypotheses: hypothesis 1—seedlings show higher vein and stomatal densities than adults; and hypothesis 2—seedlings have lower investments in vascular tissues to reduce construction costs. Methods Ten specimens from each growth stage were randomly sampled for each species in a location in central-western Spain. We measured mean stomatal and vein traits (size and number of stomata per unit of leaf area, vein density, vein volume, vein to epidermis distance), leaf mass per area and lamina thickness. Important Findings Minor vein density and vein volume per area increased with tree age, which seems inconsistent with the ontogenetic trends in gas-exchange rates. This discrepancy is in support of our hypothesis 2, and it suggests that, at the seedling stage, reducing investments in vascular tissues in benefit of maximizing growth rates is a priority. Larger interveinal distances in seedlings were compensated by smaller vein to epidermis distances. The thin leaves of the seedlings may thus constitute as a necessary trait for achieving shorter path length distances for the transport of water to evaporation sites without the need for a strong investment in costly vascular tissues. Leaf hydraulic traits of larch and ash trees in response to long-term nitrogen addition in northeastern China Ying Jin, Chuankuan Wang, Zhenghu Zhou and Jiacun Gu 2021, 14 (6): 1105-1114. doi:10.1093/jpe/rtab054 Abstract ( 31 ) PDF Save Aims Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition influences tree hydraulic architecture and thus the growth and survival; but the responses of leaf hydraulic traits remain uncertain, and may vary with species or plant functional types. Methods We used the 16-year N addition experiment (10 g N m−2 year−1) on Fraxinus mandshurica (ash, broadleaf angiosperm) and Larix gmelinii (larch, conifer gymnosperm) plantations in northeastern China and examined the effect of N addition on their leaf hydraulics. We measured the leaf pressure–volume traits by the bench drying method and quantified the maximum leaf hydraulic conductance (Kleaf_max) and resistance to embolism (P50leaf) by the timed rehydration method. Important Findings Larch had higher Kleaf_max and stronger drought tolerance (i.e., lower relative water content at turgor loss point (RWCtlp) and modulus of elasticity (ε), and more negative P50leaf) than ash. N addition increased the leaf osmotic potential at turgor loss (πtlp) and full turgor (π0), and leaf capacitance (Cleaf_mass) for ash but not for larch, indicating that ash is more sensitive to N addition. N addition consistently increased Kleaf_max and P50leaf values for both species. πtlp and π0 were positively while Cleaf_mass was negatively correlated with leaf density (LD) for ash. Kleaf_max was positively but P50leaf was negatively related with LD for larch. There were negative relationships between Kleaf_max and P50leaf for both species. Overall, our findings suggest that long-term N addition decreases the leaf drought tolerance for these two important tree species, which improve the understanding of the tree hydraulic performance under N deposition. Leaf traits from stomata to morphology are associated with climatic and edaphic variables for dominant tropical forest evergreen oaks Yutong Lin, Luhui Kuang, Songbo Tang, Zhijian Mou, Oliver L. Phillips, Hans Lambers, Zhanfeng Liu, Jordi Sardans, Josep Peñuelas, Yuan Lai, Mingxian Lin, Dexiang Chen, and Yuanwen Kuang 2021, 14 (6): 1115-1127. doi:10.1093/jpe/rtab060 Abstract ( 16 ) PDF Save Aims Understanding variation and coordination of leaf traits at multiscales along elevational gradients can help predict the likely responses of dominant species to climate change. We seek to determine the extent to which variation in leaf stomatal, anatomical and morphological traits is associated with environmental factors, and whether ecological strategies of Cyclobalanopsis species shift with elevations. Methods In a tropical forest landscape in Jianfengling, South China, we determined leaf traits related to stomata, anatomy and morphology of six evergreen oak species (Cyclobalanopsis bambusaefolia, C. hui, C. patelliformis, C. fleuryi, C. tiaoloshanica and C. phanera) along a long elevational gradient (400–1400 m above sea level). Important Findings We found that stomatal density and stomatal pore index increased, whereas spongy mesophyll thickness to leaf thickness ratios decreased, significantly with elevation. The leaf area and leaf dry matter content increased and decreased, respectively, with elevation. Variations in stomatal, anatomical and morphological traits were mainly correlated to the mean annual temperature, mean annual sum precipitation and soil pH. At low and high elevations, the oak species exhibited strong stress tolerance combined with competition strategy, while they shifted toward more clearly the competitive strategy at intermediate elevations. And the changes in soil phosphorus concentration and soil pH along the elevation may drive the shift of ecological strategy. The results showed that the dominant oak species in tropical forests respond to environmental change by modulating traits at multiple levels, from that of the individual cell, through tissue and up to the whole leaf scale. Drought adaptability of phreatophytes: insight from vertical root distribution in drylands of China Tian-Ye Wang, Ping Wang, Ze-Lin Wang, Guo-Yue Niu, Jing-Jie Yu, Ning Ma, Ze-Ning Wu, Sergey P. Pozdniakov and Deng-Hua Yan 2021, 14 (6): 1128-1142. doi:10.1093/jpe/rtab059 Abstract ( 6 ) Save 从根系垂向分布认识地下水依赖型植物的干旱适应性——以中国干旱区为例 根系垂向分布是植物与环境相互作用的综合结果。由于对植物细根垂向分布状况及其与环境因素复杂相互作用关系仍缺乏足够认识，导致对气候变化影响下植被动态预测存在很大的不确定性。本研究以柽柳(Tamarix ramosissima)和胡杨(Populus euphratica)两种干旱区河岸带地下水依赖型植物为对象，通过对根系剖面和根系分布数据文献收集整理，并结合根系与环境要素关系等方面，探讨和解析了干旱区植物对干旱环境的适应能力。研究结果表明，柽柳和胡杨两种植物根系具有强向水性(依赖地下水)和灵活的水分利用策略，使得它们可以在极端干旱环境中生存。根系分布特征的差异决定了两种植物发育环境的不同，即柽柳相比胡杨拥有更高的根系可塑性，使其具有更高效的水分利用，从而保证了其在更加复杂多样的气候、土壤等环境条件下生存。地下水依赖型植物根系剖面形态差异大，反映了其具有较强的根系适应能力，从而具有较宽的生态位和较强的生态韧性。因此，在地球系统模式中，亟需发展基于物理过程的根系动态方案，以克服当前模型普遍存在对植物根系塑性刻画不足的问题，从而提升未来气候变化情景下植被响应预测能力。 Seasonality regulates the effects of resource addition on plant diversity and ecosystem functioning in semi-arid grassland Feng-Wei Xu, Jian-Jun Li, Ji-Shuai Su, Xiao-Ming Lu, Yang Wang, Li-Ji Wu, Chao-Nan Wang, Di-Ma Chen, and Yong-Fei Bai 2021, 14 (6): 1143-1157. doi:10.1093/jpe/rtab061 Abstract ( 15 ) PDF Save Aims Seasonal variations in species richness, aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) and stability under resource enrichment are frequently ignored. This study explores how the impacts of resource enrichment on species richness, ANPP and stability vary among seasons in semi-arid grasslands. Methods We conducted a 3-year experiment in an Inner Mongolia grassland to determine the effects of resource input (water [W], nitrogen [N]) on species richness, community ANPP and stability using seasonal sampling during the growing season (2013–2015). Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine the relative importance of resource input on community stability via mechanistic pathways in each month and the whole growing season. Important Findings Resource inputs did not affect community ANPP in May and June, while N and/or NW enhanced ANPP in July and August. Resource inputs generally did not affect species richness, asynchrony or community stability in most of the time. Positive responses of perennial bunchgrasses (PB) to N and/or NW treatments contributed to the increased community ANPP in July and August. Species asynchrony may be the major mechanism contributing to community stability in May and June and the entire growing season, and PB stability is potentially the primary factor controlling community stability in July and August under resource enrichment. Our results indicate that season and resource availability could interact to regulate species richness, community ANPP and stability in semi-arid grasslands. These findings have important implications for management practices in semi-arid grasslands in order to mitigate the impact of land use and global change. Dominant roles but distinct effects of groundwater depth on regulating leaf and fine-root N, P and N:P ratios of plant communities Yin Wang, Jianming Wang, Xiaolin Wang, Yicheng He, Guanjun Li and Jingwen Li 2021, 14 (6): 1158-1174. doi:10.1093/jpe/rtab062 Abstract ( 18 ) PDF Save Aims As the determinant of water availability in drylands, groundwater plays a fundamental role in regulating vegetation distribution and ecosystem processes. Although considerable progress has been made over the past years in the relationship between environment stress and plant community-level traits, the potential influence of water stress induced by groundwater changes on plant community-level stoichiometry remains largely unclear. Here, we examined whether belowground and aboveground community-level stoichiometry responded differently to groundwater changes. Methods We measured nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations in plant leaves and fine-roots of 110 plots under a broad range of groundwater depths in a typical arid inland river basin. We examined the spatial patterns and drivers of community-level N:P stoichiometry in leaves and fine-roots. Important Findings Community-level leaf and fine-root N, P and N:P ratios were mainly determined by groundwater, vegetation types and species composition, among which groundwater played a dominant role. Groundwater indirectly regulated community-level N:P stoichiometry through affecting vegetation types and species composition. Vegetation types and species composition had significant direct influences on community-level N:P stoichiometry. Furthermore, groundwater depth had opposite influences on community-level leaf and fine-root N:P stoichiometry. Groundwater depth regulated vegetation types and further decreased leaf N, P but increased leaf N:P ratios and fine-root N. Groundwater depth had a positive indirect impact on fine-root P but a negative indirect impact on fine-root N:P ratios primarily by affecting species composition. Our findings indicate that groundwater rather than climate conditions effectively regulates community-level N:P stoichiometry, and below- and aboveground N:P stoichiometry has opposite responses to groundwater. Biotic and abiotic factors determine species diversity–productivity relationships in mountain meadows Jia-Jia Liu, Yong Xu, You-Xia Shan, Kevin S. Burgess and Xue-Jun Ge 2021, 14 (6): 1175-1188. doi:10.1093/jpe/rtab064 Abstract ( 10 ) PDF Save Aims Species diversity–productivity relationships in natural ecosystems have been well documented in the literature. However, biotic and abiotic factors that determine their relationships are still poorly understood, especially under future climate change scenarios. Methods Randomized block factorial experiments were performed in three meadows along an elevational gradient on Yulong Mountain, China, where open-top chambers and urea fertilizer manipulations were used to simulate warming and nitrogen addition, respectively. Besides species diversity, we measured functional diversity based on five traits: plant height, specific leaf area and leaf carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus contents. Several abiotic factors relating to climate (air temperature and precipitation) and soil chemistry (pH, organic carbon concentration, total nitrogen concentration and phosphorus concentration) were also measured. Generalized linear mixed-effect models were used to investigate the responses of species diversity and productivity to elevation, warming, nitrogen addition and their interactions. The effects of biotic and abiotic factors on the direction and magnitude of their relationship were also assessed. Important Findings Species diversity decreased with increasing elevation and declined under warming at mid-elevation, while productivity decreased with increasing elevation. Functional richness, maximum air temperature, soil pH and their interactions showed strong but negative influences on the species diversity–productivity relationship; the relationship shifted from positive to neutral and then to slightly negative as these sources of variation increased. Our study highlights the negative effects of short-term warming on species diversity and emphasizes the importance of both biotic and abiotic drivers of species diversity–productivity relationships in mountain meadow communities. The role of soil-borne fungi in driving the coexistence of Pinus massoniana and Lithocarpus glaber in a subtropical forest via plant–soil feedback Yumei Pan, Zhongyuan Yao, Naili Zhang and G. F. (Ciska) Veen 2021, 14 (6): 1189-1203. doi:10.1093/jpe/rtab058 Abstract ( 6 ) PDF Save Aims Plant–soil feedback (PSF) is a key mechanism that can facilitate tree species coexistence and diversity. Substantial evidence suggests that species-specific soil-borne pathogens around adult trees limit the performance of home (conspecific) seedlings relative to foreign (heterospecific) seedlings. However, the underlying mechanism remains largely elusive. Methods Here, we conducted a reciprocal transplant pot experiment using seedlings and from two tree species, Pinus massoniana and Lithocarpus glaber that are dominant and coexist in a subtropical, evergreen, broad-leaf forest in Gutianshan, Zhejiang Province of eastern China. We examined how seedlings from the two tree species responded to soils originating from underneath their own versus the other tree species, using a full-factorial design. Additionally, we added a fungicide (benomyl) to half of the pots to evaluate the role of soil-borne fungi on seedling growth. Important Findings We found that the seedlings from L. glaber grew better in soils that were collected from beneath the canopy of P. massoniana, while seedling growth of P. massioniana was not affected by soil origin. The addition of fungicide benomyl resulted in a shift towards more positive PSF effects for L. glaber, indicating that L. glaber seedlings performed better in their own soils than in soils from P. massoniana in the absence of fungi. Our findings highlight the importance of soil-borne pathogenic and ectomycorrhizal fungi in driving PSF, and indicate that PSF may promote the coexistence of two subtropical tree species by reducing the performance of L. glaber in own soils. Show All Articles * Please wait a minute... Patterns of grassland community composition and structure along an elevational gradient on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Xin Wang, Jiangling Zhu, Shitao Peng, Tianli Zheng, Zhaoyu Qi, Jianbo Hu, Chengjun Ji doi: 10.1093/jpe/rtab119 Abstract ( 3 ) PDF Save Aims Grasslands in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau play an important role in preserving ecological security and high biodiversity in this region. However, the distribution of the composition and structure of plant community and the mechanism by which it maintains itself in this region is still poorly understood. Methods Here, we designed 195 grassland plots in 39 grassland sites along an approximately 1700-m elevation gradient on the Northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Important findings We found that the grassland community height decreased significantly with the increase of elevation, while community coverage did not demonstrate significant changes. With the increase of elevation, the plant species richness (α diversity) increased significantly, but the community variability (β diversity) decreased significantly. The constrained clustering analysis suggested that the α- and β-diversity in the grasslands transformed gradually with elevation, and three discontinuous points (based on community structure) were observed at elevation of 3640, 4252 and 4333 m. Structural equation modeling (SEM) indicated that the increase of precipitation and the decrease of temperature significantly positively influenced α diversity, which was negatively correlated with β diversity. These results demonstrate that the community composition and structure presented a quantitative-to-qualitative change along this elevational gradient on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Impact of grazing on germination trait selection in an alpine grassland on the Tibet Plateau Yang Liu, Kun Liu, Zhilong Zhang, Shiting Zhang, Carol C. Baskin, Jerry M. Baskin, Ting Liang, Haiyan Bu, Shuxia Li, Tingting Zhang, Xianliang Cui, Sa Xiao doi: 10.1093/jpe/rtab118 Abstract ( 0 ) PDF Save Aims Previous studies indicated that grazing can cause significant changes in abiotic and biotic environment in grassland. However, how these changes impact germination trait selection in grassland has not been well studied. Thus, we asked does grazing significantly change germination trait diversity and composition of grasslands community. Methods We measured the germination traits of species in the laboratory, and compared their performance in grazed and nongrazed grasslands. Then, we compared the community weighted means of germination traits and functional diversity of grazed and nongrazed grasslands based on these germination traits to see whether grazed and nongrazed grasslands showed different germination trait structures. Important Findings At the species level, we found that the changes of abundance in grazed and nongrazed grasslands were not related to species’ germination traits. However, at the community level, compared to nongrazed grasslands, species in the grazed grasslands generally showed a higher seed germination percentage; seed germination response in grazed grasslands was more positively related to alternating temperature than in nongrazed grasslands, and breadth of the germination temperature niche was narrower in grazed than in nongrazed grasslands. Compared to nongrazed grasslands, seed germination trait diversity increased and germination trait evenness decreased in grazed grasslands. Grazing can change microhabitat conditions, thereby changing germination trait selection by environmental filtering, resulting in a significant difference in germinate trait composition at the community level. Seasonal fires shape the germinable soil seed bank community in eastern Mediterranean woodlands Neta Manela, Hagai Semesh, Yagil Osem, Yohay Carmel, Chanoch Soref, Anat Tsafrir, Ofer Ovadia doi: 10.1093/jpe/rtab070 Abstract ( 24 ) PDF Save Aims We explored if and how seasonal fires interact with microhabitat type (i.e., under Pistacia shrub, under Cistus shrub, or a canopy gap) to influence the composition of the germinable soil seed bank (GSSB) community in a typical eastern Mediterranean woodland. Methods We conducted a field experiment, involving prescribed spring and autumn burns, and thereafter quantified the seed germination patterns using soil samples collected from both burned and adjacent unburned control plots. Important Findings Soil temperature was significantly higher during autumn burns, while being more variable during spring burns. Fire caused overall reductions in GSSB density, richness and diversity. The reductions in GSSB richness and diversity were significantly stronger under Pistacia and Cistus shrubs located within plots subjected to autumn burns, and these patterns were mainly evident among annuals. GSSB density of dwarf shrubs was higher in samples collected from burned plots, and this pattern was more pronounced in samples collected under Pistacia and Cistus shrubs. Together with the appearance of unique species, seasonal fires led to significant changes in the composition of the GSSB community. Our results illustrate that seasonal fires interact with spatial heterogeneity to influence the composition of the GSSB community mostly via differential effects on the germination densities of annuals and dwarf shrubs. These findings imply that the increase in the frequency of seasonal fires, which has occurred in the eastern Mediterranean basin during the last few decades, may translate into a shift in eco-evolutionary selection pressures, operating on plants inhabiting this unique ecosystem. Aboveground biomass and its biotic and abiotic modulators of a main food bamboo of the giant panda in a subalpine spruce-fir forest in southwestern China Xinyu Xiong, Jiangling Zhu, Sheng Li, Fan Fan, Qiong Cai, Suhui Ma, Haojie Su, Chengjun Ji, Zhiyao Tang, Jingyun Fang doi: 10.1093/jpe/rtab069 Abstract ( 23 ) PDF Save Aims As one of the main food bamboo species of the giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca), Fargesia denudata is widely distributed in the understory of spruce-fir forests in the mountainous area of southwestern China. However, the driving factors of its biomass and distribution in the forests are still unclear. Methods We conducted a systematic investigation of the tree and shrub layers (including bamboos) of 209 subplots (20 m × 20 m) in a Forest Global Earth Observatory plot, the Wanglang Plot (25.2 ha), to explore the effects of abiotic (topographic and soil characteristics) and biotic (tree density, total basal area, shrub coverage, etc.) factors on the aboveground biomass of F. denudata (bamboo biomass hereafter). Important Findings Bamboo biomass averaged 1.17 ton/ha, with a large variation from 0 to 4.88 ton/ha (95% confidence interval) among the 209 subplots. Bamboo biomass increased significantly with elevation, slope, and mean diameter at breast height (DBH) of trees, and decreased significantly with tree density, shrub coverage and soil pH. However, bamboo biomass was not significantly correlated with total basal area (TBA), aspect, soil organic matter or total nitrogen content. The random forest model indicated that topographic factors and biotic factors had greater influences on the bamboo biomass than soil characteristics in general. Specifically, topographic factors mainly affected the bamboo biomass by changing tree density and soil characteristics. Our results can provide valuable guidance for the protection of giant pandas and the management of subalpine spruce-fir forests. Aboveground net primary productivity and soil respiration display different responses to precipitation changes in desert grassland Lihua Zhang , Junfeng Wang , Ruifeng Zhao , Yafei Guo , Lianyi Hao doi: 10.1093/jpe/rtab067 Abstract ( 25 ) PDF Save Aims Precipitation (PPT) changes affects both aboveground vegetation dynamics and belowground carbon cycling processes, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions. However, it remains unclear how extreme PPT variation can affect soil carbon sequestration potential. Methods A 3-year PPT manipulation experiment with five levels (±40%, ±20% and ambient PPT) was conducted in a desert grassland of western Loess Plateau. Aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) and soil respiration (Rs) were measured to examine whether the responses of ANPP and Rs to PPT changes displayed a double asymmetry model. Important Findings The ANPP was more sensitive to extreme drought than extreme wet treatments in wet and dry years, which displayed a negative asymmetric model. The change in ANPP was mainly due to the direct effect of PPT change, and plant density variation also exerted some influence in the dry year. In contrast, Rs displayed a positive asymmetry response to PPT change in dry year. This may be ascribed to enhanced autotrophic respiration due to the enhanced positive responses of plant growth and ANPP to wet treatments as well as stronger birch effect of rainfall events on heterotrophic respiration. The saturating response of Rs to extreme drought (-40% PPT treatment) was also found in the dry year. Nevertheless, the response of Rs to PPT change displayed a negative asymmetry model in wet years. The contrasting models for ANPP and Rs in response to altered PPT regime suggest that extreme wet or dry treatments may increase soil C pools effluxes toward debt in this desert grassland. More * 2021, Vol. 14 No.5 No.4 No.3 No.2 No.1 2020, Vol. 13 No.6 No.5 No.4 No.3 No.2 No.1 2019, Vol. 12 No.6 No.5 No.4 No.3 No.2 No.1 2018, Vol. 11 No.6 No.5 No.4 No.3 No.2 No.1 Free 2017, Vol. 10 No.6 No.5 No.4 No.3 No.2 No.1 Free 2016, Vol. 9 No.6 No.5 No.4 No.3 No.2 No.1 2015, Vol. 8 No.6 No.5 No.4 No.3 No.2 Free No.1 2014, Vol. 7 No.6 No.5 No.4 No.3 No.2 Free No.1 2013, Vol. 6 No.6 No.5 Free No.4 No.3 No.2 No.1 2012, Vol. 5 No.4 No.3 No.2 No.1 Free 2011, Vol. 4 No.4 No.3 No.1-2 Free 2010, Vol. 3 No.4 No.3 No.2 No.1 Free 2009, Vol. 2 No.4 Free No.3 No.2 No.1 2008, Vol. 1 No.4 No.3 No.2 No.1 Highly Cited Articles MORE Carbon fluxes and species diversity in grazed and fenced typical steppe grassland of Inner Mongolia, China R. Sagar, G.Y. Li, J.S. Singh and Shiqiang Wan J Plant Ecol. 2019 Vol. 12 (1): 10-22 Cited: Web Of Science(21) Species richness and composition of shrub-encroached grasslands in relation to environmental factors in northern China Luhong Zhou, Haihua Shen, Leiyi Chen, He Li, Pujin Zhang, Xia Zhao, Taoyu Liu, Shangshi Liu, Aijun Xing, Huifeng Hu and Jingyun Fang J Plant Ecol. 2019 Vol. 12 (1): 56-66 Cited: Web Of Science(9) Latitudinal pattern and the driving factors of leaf functional traits in 185 shrub species across eastern China Yongkai Luo, Huifeng Hu, Mengying Zhao, He Li, Shangshi Liu and Jingyun Fang J Plant Ecol. 2019 Vol. 12 (1): 67-77 Cited: Web Of Science(8) Spatiotemporal variation in leaf size and shape in response to climate Yaoqi Li, Dongting Zou, Nawal Shrestha, Xiaoting Xu, Qinggang Wang, Wen Jia and Zhiheng Wang J Plant Ecol. 2020 Vol. 13 (1): 87-96 Cited: Web Of Science(7) Biodiversity, dynamics, and impact of chakras on the Ecuadorian Amazon Roy R. Vera V., J. Hugo Cota-Sánchez and Jorge E. Grijalva Olmedo J Plant Ecol. 2019 Vol. 12 (1): 34-44 Cited: Web Of Science(7) Special Issue MORE * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * NEWS AND VIEWS MORE * Call for Papers: Carbon and Water Fluxes in Ecologically Vulnerable Areas in China 2021-06-07 * JPE 2020 Reviewer List 2021-01-05 * Call for Papers for Journal of Plant Ecology: Global Change and Biological Invasion 2020-11-17 EDITOR’S CHOICE MORE Recent greening of grasslands in northern China driven by increasing precipitation Kai Di, Zhongmin Hu, Mei Wang, Ruochen Cao, Minqi Liang, Genan Wu, Ruru Chen, Guangcun Hao and Yaolong Zhao The need for alternative plant species interaction models Christian Damgaard, and Jacob Weiner An invading annual plant benefits less from soil biota and has reduced competitive power with a resident grass Xi Luo, Loralee Larios, Carla D’Antonio, Xiaohong Xu and Hui Guo MOST READ ARTICLES MORE Changes in soil microbial community structure and function following degradation in a temperate grassland (151) Nitrogen addition affects plant biomass allocation but not allometric relationships among different organs across the globe (93) Differences in seed dormancy and germination in amphicarpic legumes: manifold bet-hedging in space and time (73) Alien woody plant invasions in natural forests across China (62) Plant functional groups mediate effects of climate and soil factors on species richness and community biomass in grasslands of Mongolian Plateau (59) MOST DOWNLOAD ARTICLES MORE Patterns and ecological determinants of woody plant height in eastern Eurasia and its relation to primary productivity （157） The role of soluble sugars during drought in tropical tree seedlings with contrasting tolerances （115） Crown and leaf traits as predictors of subtropical tree sapling growth rates （107） Ecological role of physical dormancy in seeds of Oxytropis racemosa in a semiarid sandland with unpredictable rainfall （62） Breeding system and pollination ecology of a potentially invasive alien Clematis vitalba L. in Ireland （46） About Journal of Plant Ecology Editorial Board Author Guidelines Contact Us Early View Editor's Choice Special Issue Archive 备案号：京ICP备16067583号-34 Copyright © 2022 Journal of Plant Ecology, All Rights Reserved. 51La