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OECD Better Life Index
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SWEDEN

Learn even more about Sweden at oecd.org


DID YOU KNOW?

indicator value unit Population 10.0 mil. Visitors per year 16 mil. Renewable
energy 35.6 %


HOW’S LIFE?

Sweden performs well in many dimensions of well-being relative to other
countries in the Better Life Index. Sweden outperforms the average in income,
jobs, education, health, environmental quality, social connections, civic
engagement, safety and life satisfaction.

Money, while it cannot buy happiness, is an important means to achieving higher
living standards. In Sweden, the average household net-adjusted disposable
income per capita is USD 33 730 a year, more than the OECD average of USD 30 490
a year.

In terms of employment, about 75% of people aged 15 to 64 in Sweden have a paid
job, above the OECD employment average of 66%. Some 77% of men are in paid work,
compared with 74% of women. In Sweden, 1% of employees work very long hours in
paid work, below the OECD average of 10%.

Good education and skills are important requisites for finding a job. In
Sweden, 84% of adults aged 25-64 have completed upper secondary education,
higher than the OECD average of 79%. However, completion varies between men and
women, as 83% of men have successfully completed high school compared with 85%
of women. In terms of the quality of the education system, the average student
scored 503 in reading literacy, maths and science in the OECD's Programme for
International Student Assessment (PISA). This score is higher than the OECD
average of 488. On average in Sweden, girls outperformed boys by 14 points, well
above the average OECD gap of 5 points.

In terms of health, life expectancy at birth in Sweden is around 83 years, two
years higher than the OECD average of 81 years. Life expectancy for women is 85
years, compared with 82 for men. The level of atmospheric PM2.5 – tiny air
pollutant particles small enough to enter and cause damage to the lungs – is 5.8
micrograms per cubic meter, below the OECD average of 14 micrograms per cubic
meter. In Sweden, 97% of people say they are satisfied with the quality of their
water, higher than the OECD average of 84%.

Concerning the public sphere, there is a strong sense of community and high
levels of civic participation in Sweden, where 94% of people believe that they
know someone they could rely on in time of need, more than the OECD average of
91%. Voter turnout, a measure of citizens' participation in the political
process, was 87% during recent elections, higher than the OECD average of 69%.
Social and economic status can affect voting rates; voter turnout for the top
20% of the population is an estimated 85% and for the bottom 20% it is an
estimated 80%.

When asked to rate their general satisfaction with life on a scale from 0 to 10,
Swedes gave it a 7.3 grade on average, higher than the OECD average of 6.7.

 

For more information on estimates and years of reference, see FAQ
section and BLI database.


TOPICS

HOUSING

6.9


INCOME

5.0


JOBS

8.3


COMMUNITY

7.8


EDUCATION

8.3


ENVIRONMENT

9.8


CIVIC ENGAGEMENT

6.9


HEALTH

8.6


LIFE SATISFACTION

8.1


SAFETY

8.6


WORK-LIFE BALANCE

8.1



COMPARE TO...

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AfricaSpainSwedenSwitzerlandTürkiyeUnited KingdomUnited States


OECD IN ACTION

OECD ECONOMIC SURVEYS: SWEDEN

OECD’s periodic surveys of the Swedish economy. Each edition surveys the major
challenges faced by the country, evaluates the short-term outlook, and makes
specific policy recommendations. Special chapters take a more detailed look at
specific challenges. Extensive statistical information is included in charts and
graphs.

Read this report


FIND OUT MORE

THE ECONOMIC BENEFITS OF AIR QUALITY IMPROVEMENTS IN ARCTIC COUNCIL COUNTRIES

more ...

INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION OUTLOOK 2020 – SWEDEN

more ...

EDUCATION AT A GLANCE 2020 – SWEDEN

more ...
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SWEDEN IN DETAIL


HOUSINGEXPAND


KEY FINDINGS

Living in satisfactory housing conditions is one of the most important aspects
of people's lives. Housing is essential to meet basic needs, such as shelter,
but it is not just a question of four walls and a roof. Housing should offer a
place to sleep and rest where people feel safe and have privacy and personal
space; somewhere they can raise a family. All of these elements help make a
house a home. And of course there is the question whether people can afford
adequate housing.

Housing costs take up a large share of the household budget and represent the
largest single expenditure for many individuals and families, by the time you
add up elements such as rent, gas, electricity, water, furniture or repairs. In
Sweden, households on average spend 20% of their gross adjusted disposable
income on keeping a roof over their heads, in line with the OECD average.

In addition to housing costs it is also important to examine living conditions,
such as the average number of rooms shared per person and whether households
have access to basic facilities. The number of rooms in a dwelling, divided by
the number of persons living there, indicates whether residents are living in
crowded conditions. Overcrowded housing may have a negative impact on physical
and mental health, relations with others and children's development. In
addition, dense living conditions are often a sign of inadequate water and
sewage supply. In Sweden, the average home contains 1.7 rooms per person, in
line with the OECD average. In terms of basic facilities, 100% of dwellings
sampled in Sweden contain private access to an indoor flushing toilet, compared
with an OECD average of 97%. 

MORE RESOURCES

How's Life?: Measuring Well-being


INDICATORS

ROOMS PER PERSON

1.7 rooms
Rank:
19 / 41


DWELLINGS WITH BASIC FACILITIES

100%
Rank:
3 / 41

Trend
 
 
 0.0%
average annual increase
since 2008

HOUSING EXPENDITURE

20.1%
Rank:
19 / 41

Trend
 
 
 -0.2%
average annual increase
since 2005


INCOMEEXPAND


KEY FINDINGS

While money may not buy happiness, it is an important means to achieving higher
living standards and thus greater well-being. Higher economic wealth may also
improve access to quality education, health care and housing.

Household net adjusted disposable income is the amount of money that a household
earns each year after taxes and transfers. It represents the money available to
a household for spending on goods or services. In Sweden, the average household
net adjusted disposable income per capita is USD 33 730 a year, higher than the
OECD average of USD 30 490.

Household net wealth is the total value of a household's financial and
non-financial worth, such as money or shares held in bank accounts, the
principal residence, other real estate properties, vehicles, valuables and other
non-financial assets (e.g other consumer durables). In Sweden, the average
household net wealth is higher than the OECD average of USD 323 960.

For more information on estimates and years of reference, see FAQ
section and BLI database.


BETTER POLICIES FOR BETTER LIVES

Improving information on pensions

The Min Pension website helps Swedish people get an overall picture of their
earned pension rights, on a daily basis, and allows them to make a projection on
their old age pension. There are more than 2.1 million registered users and more
than 12 million pension agreements collected in the database covering about 99%
of  existing pension funding. The website is also complemented by a smartphone
application.

A survey showed that after a visit to the site, the share that considered
themselves "well informed in the pension area" increased from 13% to 43%.

MORE RESOURCES

How's Life?: Measuring Well-being


INDICATORS

HOUSEHOLD NET ADJUSTED DISPOSABLE INCOME

33730USD
Rank:
14 / 41

Trend
 
 
 +1.6%
average annual increase
since 2005
Social Inequality
5.18
rich

poor
Rank:
8 / 35


HOUSEHOLD NET WEALTH

~435100USD
Rank:
10 / 41



JOBSEXPAND


KEY FINDINGS

Having a job brings many important benefits, including: providing a source of
income, improving social inclusion, fulfilling one's own aspirations, building
self-esteem and developing skills and competencies. In Sweden, 75% of the
working-age population aged 15 to 64 has a paid job. This figure is higher than
the OECD employment average of 66%.

Unemployed persons are defined as those who are not currently working but are
willing to do so and actively searching for work. Long-term unemployment can
have a large negative effect on feelings of well-being and self-worth and result
in a loss of skills, further reducing employability. In Sweden, the percentage
of the labour force that has been unemployed for a year or longer is currently
1%, lower than the OECD average of 1.3%.

The wages and other monetary benefits that come with employment are an important
aspect of job quality. Swedish people earn USD 47 020 per year on average,
slightly less than the OECD average USD 49 165.

Another essential factor of employment quality is job security, in terms of
expected loss of earnings when someone becomes unemployed. This includes how
likely you are to lose your job, how long you are likely to remain unemployed
and how much financial assistance you can expect from government. Workers facing
a high risk of job loss are more vulnerable, especially in countries with
smaller social safety nets. In Sweden, workers face an expected 4.4% loss of
earnings if they become unemployed, lower than the OECD average of 5.1%.

For more information on estimates and years of reference, see FAQ
section and BLI database.


BETTER POLICIES FOR BETTER LIVES

Supporting displaced workers in times of crisis

In Sweden, Job Security Councils work with Public Employment Services to provide
continuous and tailored services to displaced workers. Initially established
following massive job losses in the 1970s, these Councils have maintained
relevance in helping workers in times of crisis and are considered an example of
best practice. The Councils are based on collective agreements between social
partners and are actively involved in restructuring and providing advice to
employers and trade unions. They give displaced workers transition services and
guidance after their positions have been made redundant after job losses. The
risks and costs of restructuring the labour market are shared among its members.
Around 80% of participants find a solution through employment or retraining
within seven months. These results were sustained even during the financial
crisis of 2008-10, helping a significant number of people transition into work.

Supporting jobseekers

Jobbtorg is an employment service for youth, immigrants, and other people who
are not eligible for unemployment benefits. The service is run by local
governments in association with the Swedish Public Employment Service
(Arbetsförmedlingen). Jobseekers are offered coaching, matching and guidance
counselling once they register with the employment service. In Stockholm,
Jobbtorg services help about 3 000 out of 6 000 clients find a job or education
every year.

Jobbstart is an associated service that offers clients with training in a
job-like situation. This programme includes a three-week training course
followed by three months of on-the-job training. Upon completion trainees can be
hired on for a full year. About 50 out of 100 participants get hired on through
this programme every year. Participants also benefit from courses, job-testing
and further job-training. People with social problems, drug abuse, or previous
convictions can access specialised services to help them enter the labour
market. 

 

MORE RESOURCES

How's Life?: Measuring Well-being OECD Job Quality Database


INDICATORS

EMPLOYMENT RATE

75.46%
Rank:
8 / 41

Trend
 
 
 +0.1%
average annual increase
since 2007
Gender Inequality
1.05
men

women
Rank:
4 / 41

Social Inequality
2.34
rich

poor
Rank:
26 / 38


LONG-TERM UNEMPLOYMENT RATE

0.97%
Rank:
12 / 41

Trend
 
 
 +0.0%
average annual increase
since 2007
Gender Inequality
1.01
men

women
Rank:
2 / 39

Social Inequality
9.14
rich

poor
Rank:
30 / 33


PERSONAL EARNINGS

47020USD
Rank:
15 / 41

Trend
 
 
 +1.2%
average annual increase
since 2010
Gender Inequality
1.11
men

women
Rank:
9 / 33


JOB SECURITY

4.39%
Rank:
21 / 41



COMMUNITYEXPAND


KEY FINDINGS

Humans are social creatures. The frequency of our contact with others and the
quality of our personal relationships are thus crucial determinants of our
well-being.

A strong social network, or community, can provide emotional support during both
good and bad times as well as provide access to jobs, services and other
material opportunities. In Sweden, 94% of people believe that they know someone
they could rely on in time of need, above the OECD average of 91%.

A weak social network can result in limited economic opportunities, a lack of
contact with others, and eventually, feelings of isolation. Socially isolated
individuals face difficulties integrating into society as a contributing member
and fulfilling personal aspirations. 

MORE RESOURCES

How's Life?: Measuring Well-being OECD Insights: Human Capital


INDICATORS

QUALITY OF SUPPORT NETWORK

94%
Rank:
18 / 41

Gender Inequality
1.01
men

women
Rank:
15 / 41

Social Inequality
1.03
rich

poor
Rank:
15 / 39



EDUCATIONEXPAND


KEY FINDINGS

A well-educated and well-trained population is essential for a country's social
and economic well-being. Education plays a key role in providing individuals
with the knowledge, skills and competences needed to participate effectively in
society and in the economy. Having a good education greatly improves the
likelihood of finding a job and earning enough money. Swedes can expect to go
through 19.7 years of education between the ages of 5 and 39, more than the OECD
average of 18 years and one of the highest levels in the OECD.

Graduating from upper secondary education has become increasingly important in
all countries, as the skills needed in the labour market are becoming more
knowledge-based. High-school graduation rates therefore provide a good
indication of whether a country is preparing its students to meet the minimum
requirements of the job market. In Sweden, 84% of adults aged 25-64 have
completed upper secondary education, higher than the OECD average of 79%.

 But graduation rates, while important, speak little to the quality of education
received. The OECD's Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA)
reviews the extent to which students have acquired some of the knowledge and
skills that are essential for full participation in modern societies. In 2018,
PISA focused on examining students' reading ability, skills in maths and level
in sciences, as research shows that these skills are more reliable predictors of
economic and social well-being than the number of years spent in school.

The average student in Sweden scored 503 in reading literacy, maths and
sciences, above the OECD average of 488. The best-performing school systems
manage to provide high-quality education to all students. 


BETTER POLICIES FOR BETTER LIVES

Improving Sweden’s upper secondary completion rate

The national programme Plug In aims to halve the level of dropouts who fail to
complete upper secondary school, from 24% to 12% by 2017. Plug In operates
through more than 100 projects at local or regional level, to cater to specific
needs of at risk students in different communities. The Swedish Association of
Local Authorities and Regions co-ordinates at national level.

For example, certain projects provide students with individual support and
tutoring, mental health support, and links to specialised services. Broader
strategies emphasize improving systems and processes and offering adult
education. Evaluations are currently underway to determine the success of these
co-ordinated efforts. 

MORE RESOURCES

How's Life?: Measuring Well-being


INDICATORS

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT

84%
Rank:
20 / 41

Trend
 
 
 +0.4%
average annual increase
since 2014
Gender Inequality
1.03
men

women
Rank:
21 / 40


STUDENT SKILLS

503 score
Rank:
10 / 41

Gender Inequality
1.03
men

women
Rank:
32 / 39

Social Inequality
1.19
rich

poor
Rank:
16 / 39


YEARS IN EDUCATION

19.7 years
Rank:
3 / 41

Gender Inequality
1.07
men

women
Rank:
34 / 39



ENVIRONMENTEXPAND


KEY FINDINGS

The quality of our local living environment has a direct impact on our health
and well-being. Outdoor air pollution is one important environmental issue that
directly affects the quality of people's lives. Despite national and
international interventions and decreases in major pollutant emissions, the
health impacts of urban air pollution continue to worsen, with air pollution set
to become the top environmental cause of premature mortality globally by 2050.
Air pollution in urban centres, often caused by transport and the use of
small-scale burning of wood or coal, is linked to a range of health problems,
from minor eye irritation to upper respiratory symptoms in the short-term and
chronic respiratory diseases such as asthma, cardiovascular diseases and lung
cancer in the long-term. Children and the elderly may be particularly
vulnerable.

PM2.5 – tiny particulate matter small enough to be inhaled into the deepest part
of the lung – is monitored in OECD countries because it can harm human health
and reduce life expectancy. In Sweden, PM2.5 levels are 5.8 micrograms per cubic
meter, one of the lowest levels in the OECD where the average is 14 micrograms
per cubic meter and lower than the annual guideline limit of 10 micrograms per
cubic meter set by the World Health Organization.

Access to clean water is fundamental to human well-being. Despite significant
progress in OECD countries in reducing water pollution, improvements in
freshwater quality are not always easy to discern. In Sweden, 97% of people say
they are satisfied with water quality, one of the higherst  the OECD, where the
satisfaction level is 84%. 


BETTER POLICIES FOR BETTER LIVES

Reducing nutrient pollution 

The Swedish Environmental Code regulates the impact of agriculture on water
habitats and the government has subsidised measures for reducing nutrient
leaching. The 2007-13 rural development programme allocated about SEK 510
million for this purpose. The Swedish Agency for Marine and Water Management
(SwAM) manages the funds for marine and aquatic environments. Out of these
funds, SEK 310 million was allocated in 2013 to work with water management,
liming, fish conservation, action plans for threatened species and local water
projects. Measures to reduce nutrient losses to surrounding water bodies have
yielded good results: a study of 65 streams in southern and central Sweden show
a downward trend in concentration of nitrogen and phosphorous, directly related
to implemented measures. Overall, use of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilisers has
dropped during the decade, contributing to reducing nitrogen surplus per hectare
of agricultural land to below the OECD average and the level of many other
Nordic and Baltic countries.

MORE RESOURCES

How's Life?: Measuring Well-being OECD Environmental Outlook to 2050


INDICATORS

AIR POLLUTION

5.8 micrograms
Rank:
2 / 41

Trend
 
 
 -3.1%
average annual increase
since 2011

WATER QUALITY

97%
Rank:
2 / 41



CIVIC ENGAGEMENTEXPAND


KEY FINDINGS

Trust in government is essential for social cohesion and well-being. High voter
turnout is a measure of citizens' participation in the political process. In the
most recent elections for which data are available, voter turnout in Sweden was
87% of those registered. This figure is much higher than the OECD average of
69%.

Broader public engagement in the decision-making process is also important for
holding the government to account and maintaining confidence in public
institutions. The formal process for public engagement in developing laws and
regulations is one way to measure the extent to which people can become involved
in government decisions on key issues that affect their lives. In Sweden, the
level of stakeholder engagement in developing regulations is 2.0 (on a scale
between 0 and 4); slightly lower than the OECD average of 2.1.

For more information on estimates and years of reference, see FAQ
section and BLI database.


BETTER POLICIES FOR BETTER LIVES

Increasing public involvement in service delivery

Involving people in the services available and facilitating their ability to
take action increases both transparency and engagement. In Stockholm, the city’s
Compare Services website allows residents to compare a range of city services
and rate their quality. More than 4 000 facilities were mapped across the city
with comparable criteria and regularly updated information regarding quality,
location and services.

The Compare Services tool helps people make choices based on what best suit
their needs and has also led to improvements in service management. For example,
parents can use this tool to access information on preschools and make an
informed decision based on information on location, pedagogic methods and
activities offered, and class size and child-teacher ratios. The website also
allows parents to either apply to the school online or contact the city district
administration to find a placement for their child.

MORE RESOURCES

How's Life?: Measuring Well-being Regulatory Policy Outlook: Sweden


INDICATORS

VOTER TURNOUT

87.2%
Rank:
4 / 41

Trend
 
 
 +0.4%
average annual increase
since 2006
Gender Inequality
1.00
men

women
Rank:
3 / 39

Social Inequality
1.07
rich

poor
Rank:
11 / 35


STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT FOR DEVELOPING REGULATIONS

2 index
Rank:
25 / 41



HEALTHEXPAND


KEY FINDINGS

Most OECD countries have enjoyed large gains in life expectancy over the past
decades, thanks to improvements in living conditions, public health
interventions and progress in medical care. Life expectancy at birth for the
whole population in Sweden stands at 83 years, two years above the OECD average
of 81 years. Higher life expectancy is generally associated with higher health
care spending per person, although many other factors have an impact on life
expectancy (such as living standards, lifestyles, education and environmental
factors). 

When asked "How is your health in general" 76% of people in Sweden reported to
be in good health, more than the OECD average of 68%. Despite the subjective
nature of this question, answers have been found to be a good predictor of
people’s future health care use. Gender, age and social status may affect
answers to this question. 


BETTER POLICIES FOR BETTER LIVES

Integrated health services for better outcomes

Sweden takes an interdisciplinary approach to good health by providing
integrated medical and vocational rehabilitation. Navigator Centres were piloted
in 2005-07 as a one-stop shop to offer young people aged 16-25 co-ordinated
employment, education and health support. The integrated approach of these
centres helps young people enter the labour market while addressing mental
health and educational challenges. Clients can access educational and vocational
counselling, preventive health care, and mental health services. Though
evaluations are not yet available, evidence from the first pilot suggests this
is a good model for co-ordinated services. Between 45% and 70% of the 2 000
young people placed in the centres have moved on to education, employment or
work experience.

Programme DELTA was established to meet the diverse needs of the Swedish working
population. It focuses on employment challenges related to mental ill-health,
musculoskeletal disorders, social problems and long-term work incapacity. DELTA
facilitates financial co-ordination between the national employment service, the
regional health authority, the municipal social service and the national social
insurance department to support medical and vocational rehabilitation. These
rehabilitative activities aim to shorten patient treatment, speed up
return-to-work, and avert sickness absence and social exclusion. Evaluations
show the programme has had success in reintegrating workers with 8 out of 10
unemployed participants gaining and maintaining employment and 2 out of 3 were
no longer sick-listed.

MORE RESOURCES

How's Life?: Measuring Well-being


INDICATORS

LIFE EXPECTANCY

83.2 years
Rank:
6 / 41

Trend
 
 
 +0.2%
average annual increase
since 2005
Gender Inequality
1.04
men

women
Rank:
3 / 41


SELF-REPORTED HEALTH

76%
Rank:
10 / 41

Trend
 
 
 +0.0%
average annual increase
since 2005
Gender Inequality
1.08
men

women
Rank:
23 / 39

Social Inequality
1.35
rich

poor
Rank:
17 / 35



LIFE SATISFACTIONEXPAND


KEY FINDINGS

Happiness or subjective well-being can be measured in terms of life
satisfaction, the presence of positive experiences and feelings, and the absence
of negative experiences and feelings. Such measures, while subjective, are a
useful complement to objective data to compare the quality of life across
countries.

Life satisfaction measures how people evaluate their life as a whole rather than
their current feelings. When asked to rate their general satisfaction with life
on a scale from 0 to 10, Swedes on average gave it a 7.3 grade, higher than the
OECD average of 6.7.

MORE RESOURCES

How's Life?: Measuring Well-being


INDICATORS

LIFE SATISFACTION

7.3 rate
Rank:
7 / 41

Gender Inequality
1.00
men

women
Rank:
2 / 41

Social Inequality
1.04
rich

poor
Rank:
7 / 39



SAFETYEXPAND


KEY FINDINGS

Personal security is a core element for the well-being of individuals. Do you
feel safe out walking, alone at night, for example? In Sweden, about 79% of
people say that they feel safe walking alone at night, more than the OECD
average of 74%.

The homicide rate (the number of murders per 100 000 inhabitants) is a more
reliable measure of a country's safety level because, unlike other crimes,
murders are usually always reported to the police. According to the latest OECD
data, Sweden's homicide rate is 1.1, lower than the OECD average of 2.6

 

MORE RESOURCES

How's Life?: Measuring Well-being


INDICATORS

FEELING SAFE WALKING ALONE AT NIGHT

79.25%
Rank:
14 / 41

Gender Inequality
1.32
men

women
Rank:
30 / 41


HOMICIDE RATE

1.1 homicides
Rank:
22 / 41

Trend
 
 
 +0.0%
average annual increase
since 2005
Gender Inequality
3.00
men

women
Rank:
27 / 41



WORK-LIFE BALANCEEXPAND


KEY FINDINGS

Finding a suitable balance between work and life is a challenge for all workers,
especially working parents. The ability to successfully combine work, family
commitments and personal life is important for the well-being of all members in
a household. Governments can help to address the issue by encouraging supportive
and flexible working practices, making it easier for parents to strike a better
balance between work and home life.

An important aspect of work-life balance is the amount of time a person spends
at work. Evidence suggests that long work hours may impair personal health,
jeopardise safety and increase stress. In Sweden, about 1% of employees work
very long hours in paid work, one of the lowest rates in the OECD, where the
average is 10%.

The more people work, the less time they have to spend on other activities, such
as time with others, leisure activities, eating or sleeping. The amount and
quality of leisure time is important for people's overall well-being, and can
bring additional physical and mental health benefits. In Sweden, full-time
workers devote a similar amount of their day on average to personal
care (eating, sleeping, etc.) and leisure (socialising with friends and family,
hobbies, games, computer and television use, etc.) to the OECD average of 15
hours. 


BETTER POLICIES FOR BETTER LIVES

Easy access to parental benefits

The service 'My Pages' offers Swedish people online information on what types of
benefits they are eligible for. The government launched a smartphone application
so that parents, instead of filling out papers for temporary parental leave when
staying home with their ill child, can apply for those benefits on line.

Now, approximately 43% of all the log-ins to My Pages come through the App. The
1.2 million users now log-in 80% more often than before the application. In
addition, 24% of all the applications for temporary parental leave are now done
via the App. Finally, the self-service level for temporary parental leave has
increased from 62% to 80% from the date when the application was launched.
Parents have expressed high customer satisfaction and the App was downloaded
more than 200 000 times in the first three months alone.

MORE RESOURCES

How's Life?: Measuring Well-being


INDICATORS

EMPLOYEES WORKING VERY LONG HOURS

0.9%
Rank:
4 / 41

Trend
 
 
 -0.0%
average annual increase
since 2005
Gender Inequality
2.64
men

women
Rank:
24 / 39


TIME DEVOTED TO LEISURE AND PERSONAL CARE

~15.3 hours
Rank:
9 / 41

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