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2a02:e980:107::cf Public Scan

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Submitted URL:
https://www.proofpoint.com/us/blog/threat-insight/security-brief-actor-uses-compromised-accounts-customized-social-engineer...
Effective URL:
https://www.proofpoint.com/us/blog/threat-insight/security-brief-actor-uses-compromised-accounts-customized-social-engineering
Submission: On October 07 via api (October 7th 2024, 10:30:18 am UTC) from IN — Scanned from DE

Form analysis
4 forms found in the DOM

<form class="header-nav__search-form">
  <input type="text" class="header-nav__search-input" placeholder="">
  <input type="submit" class="header-nav__search-button" val="Search">
</form>

<form id="mktoForm_19277" data-mkto-id="19277" data-mkto-base="//app-abj.marketo.com" data-munchkin-id="309-RHV-619" data-submit-text="" data-redirect-link="" data-prefill="" data-event-label="" data-lang-code="us" data-validate-email="1"
  class="mk-form__form marketo-form-block__form mktoForm mktoHasWidth mktoLayoutLeft js-visible mkto-form-processed" data-asset-type="Blogs Subscribe" novalidate="novalidate"
  style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); width: 1601px;">
  <style type="text/css"></style>
  <div class="mktoFormRow">
    <div class="mktoFieldDescriptor mktoFormCol" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
      <div class="mktoOffset" style="width: 5px;"></div>
      <div class="mktoFieldWrap mktoRequiredField"><label id="LblEmail" for="Email" class="mktoLabel mktoHasWidth" style="width: 150px;">
          <div class="mktoAsterix">*</div>Business Email:
        </label>
        <div class="mktoGutter mktoHasWidth" style="width: 5px;"></div><input id="Email" name="Email" placeholder="Business Email  *" maxlength="255" aria-labelledby="LblEmail InstructEmail" type="email"
          class="mktoField mktoEmailField mktoHasWidth mktoRequired" aria-required="true" style="width: 200px;"><span id="InstructEmail" tabindex="-1" class="mktoInstruction"></span>
        <div class="mktoClear"></div>
      </div>
      <div class="mktoClear"></div>
    </div>
    <div class="mktoClear"></div>
  </div>
  <div class="mktoFormRow"><input type="hidden" name="blogInterest" class="mktoField mktoFieldDescriptor mktoFormCol" value="All Blog Posts" placeholder="" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
    <div class="mktoClear"></div>
  </div>
  <div class="mktoFormRow"><input type="hidden" name="Employees_Picklist__c" class="mktoField mktoFieldDescriptor mktoFormCol" value="" placeholder="" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
    <div class="mktoClear"></div>
  </div>
  <div class="mktoFormRow"><input type="hidden" name="State" class="mktoField mktoFieldDescriptor mktoFormCol" value="State/Province" placeholder="" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
    <div class="mktoClear"></div>
  </div>
  <div class="mktoFormRow"><input type="hidden" name="Most_Recent_Medium__c" class="mktoField mktoFieldDescriptor mktoFormCol" value="Website" placeholder="" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
    <div class="mktoClear"></div>
  </div>
  <div class="mktoFormRow"><input type="hidden" name="Most_Recent_Medium_Detail__c" class="mktoField mktoFieldDescriptor mktoFormCol" value="www-pfpt" placeholder="" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
    <div class="mktoClear"></div>
  </div>
  <div class="mktoFormRow"><input type="hidden" name="Industry" class="mktoField mktoFieldDescriptor mktoFormCol" value="" placeholder="" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
    <div class="mktoClear"></div>
  </div>
  <div class="mktoFormRow"><input type="hidden" name="Website" class="mktoField mktoFieldDescriptor mktoFormCol" value="" placeholder="" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
    <div class="mktoClear"></div>
  </div>
  <div class="mktoFormRow"><input type="hidden" name="AnnualRevenue" class="mktoField mktoFieldDescriptor mktoFormCol" value="" placeholder="" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
    <div class="mktoClear"></div>
  </div>
  <div class="mktoFormRow"><input type="hidden" name="demandbasesid" class="mktoField mktoFieldDescriptor mktoFormCol" value="" placeholder="" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
    <div class="mktoClear"></div>
  </div>
  <div class="mktoFormRow"><input type="hidden" name="demandBase_Data_Source" class="mktoField mktoFieldDescriptor mktoFormCol" value="" placeholder="" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
    <div class="mktoClear"></div>
  </div>
  <div class="mktoFormRow"><input type="hidden" name="Primary_Product_Interest__c" class="mktoField mktoFieldDescriptor mktoFormCol" value="" placeholder="" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
    <div class="mktoClear"></div>
  </div>
  <div class="mktoFormRow"><input type="hidden" name="UTM_Post_ID__c" class="mktoField mktoFieldDescriptor mktoFormCol" value="" placeholder="" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
    <div class="mktoClear"></div>
  </div>
  <div class="mktoFormRow"><input type="hidden" name="utmcampaign" class="mktoField mktoFieldDescriptor mktoFormCol" value="" placeholder="" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
    <div class="mktoClear"></div>
  </div>
  <div class="mktoFormRow"><input type="hidden" name="utmterm" class="mktoField mktoFieldDescriptor mktoFormCol" value="" placeholder="" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
    <div class="mktoClear"></div>
  </div>
  <div class="mktoFormRow"><input type="hidden" name="db_employee_count" class="mktoField mktoFieldDescriptor mktoFormCol" value="" placeholder="" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
    <div class="mktoClear"></div>
  </div>
  <div class="mktoFormRow"><input type="hidden" name="Unsubscribed" class="mktoField mktoFieldDescriptor mktoFormCol" value="0" placeholder="" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
    <div class="mktoClear"></div>
  </div>
  <div class="mktoButtonRow"><span class="mktoButtonWrap mktoNative" style="margin-left: 110px;"><button type="submit" class="mktoButton">Submit</button></span></div><input type="hidden" name="formid" class="mktoField mktoFieldDescriptor"
    value="19277" placeholder=""><input type="hidden" name="munchkinId" class="mktoField mktoFieldDescriptor" value="309-RHV-619" placeholder="">
  <style type="text/css"></style>
  <div class="mktoFormRow">
    <div class="mktoFieldDescriptor mktoFormCol" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
      <div class="mktoOffset" style="width: 5px;"></div>
      <div class="mktoFieldWrap mktoRequiredField"><label id="LblEmail" for="Email" class="mktoLabel mktoHasWidth" style="width: 150px;">
          <div class="mktoAsterix">*</div>Business Email:
        </label>
        <div class="mktoGutter mktoHasWidth" style="width: 5px;"></div><input id="Email" name="Email" placeholder="Business Email *" maxlength="255" aria-labelledby="LblEmail InstructEmail" type="email"
          class="mktoField mktoEmailField mktoHasWidth mktoRequired" aria-required="true" style="width: 200px;"><span id="InstructEmail" tabindex="-1" class="mktoInstruction"></span>
        <div class="mktoClear"></div>
      </div>
      <div class="mktoClear"></div>
    </div>
    <div class="mktoClear"></div>
  </div>
  <div class="mktoFormRow"><input type="hidden" name="blogInterest" class="mktoField mktoFieldDescriptor mktoFormCol" value="All Blog Posts" placeholder="" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
    <div class="mktoClear"></div>
  </div>
  <div class="mktoFormRow"><input type="hidden" name="Employees_Picklist__c" class="mktoField mktoFieldDescriptor mktoFormCol" value="" placeholder="" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
    <div class="mktoClear"></div>
  </div>
  <div class="mktoFormRow"><input type="hidden" name="State" class="mktoField mktoFieldDescriptor mktoFormCol" value="State/Province" placeholder="" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
    <div class="mktoClear"></div>
  </div>
  <div class="mktoFormRow"><input type="hidden" name="Most_Recent_Medium__c" class="mktoField mktoFieldDescriptor mktoFormCol" value="Website" placeholder="" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
    <div class="mktoClear"></div>
  </div>
  <div class="mktoFormRow"><input type="hidden" name="Most_Recent_Medium_Detail__c" class="mktoField mktoFieldDescriptor mktoFormCol" value="www-pfpt" placeholder="" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
    <div class="mktoClear"></div>
  </div>
  <div class="mktoFormRow"><input type="hidden" name="Industry" class="mktoField mktoFieldDescriptor mktoFormCol" value="" placeholder="" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
    <div class="mktoClear"></div>
  </div>
  <div class="mktoFormRow"><input type="hidden" name="Website" class="mktoField mktoFieldDescriptor mktoFormCol" value="" placeholder="" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
    <div class="mktoClear"></div>
  </div>
  <div class="mktoFormRow"><input type="hidden" name="AnnualRevenue" class="mktoField mktoFieldDescriptor mktoFormCol" value="" placeholder="" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
    <div class="mktoClear"></div>
  </div>
  <div class="mktoFormRow"><input type="hidden" name="demandbasesid" class="mktoField mktoFieldDescriptor mktoFormCol" value="" placeholder="" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
    <div class="mktoClear"></div>
  </div>
  <div class="mktoFormRow"><input type="hidden" name="demandBase_Data_Source" class="mktoField mktoFieldDescriptor mktoFormCol" value="" placeholder="" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
    <div class="mktoClear"></div>
  </div>
  <div class="mktoFormRow"><input type="hidden" name="Primary_Product_Interest__c" class="mktoField mktoFieldDescriptor mktoFormCol" value="" placeholder="" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
    <div class="mktoClear"></div>
  </div>
  <div class="mktoFormRow"><input type="hidden" name="UTM_Post_ID__c" class="mktoField mktoFieldDescriptor mktoFormCol" value="" placeholder="" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
    <div class="mktoClear"></div>
  </div>
  <div class="mktoFormRow"><input type="hidden" name="utmcampaign" class="mktoField mktoFieldDescriptor mktoFormCol" value="" placeholder="" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
    <div class="mktoClear"></div>
  </div>
  <div class="mktoFormRow"><input type="hidden" name="utmterm" class="mktoField mktoFieldDescriptor mktoFormCol" value="" placeholder="" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
    <div class="mktoClear"></div>
  </div>
  <div class="mktoFormRow"><input type="hidden" name="db_employee_count" class="mktoField mktoFieldDescriptor mktoFormCol" value="" placeholder="" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
    <div class="mktoClear"></div>
  </div>
  <div class="mktoFormRow"><input type="hidden" name="Unsubscribed" class="mktoField mktoFieldDescriptor mktoFormCol" value="0" placeholder="" style="margin-bottom: 5px;">
    <div class="mktoClear"></div>
  </div>
  <div class="mktoButtonRow"><span class="mktoButtonWrap mktoNative" style="margin-left: 110px;"><button type="submit" class="mktoButton">Submit</button></span></div><input type="hidden" name="Website_Conversion_URL__c"
    class="mktoField mktoFieldDescriptor" value="https://www.proofpoint.com/us/blog/threat-insight/security-brief-actor-uses-compromised-accounts-customized-social-engineering#new_tab"><input type="hidden" name="gAClientID"
    class="mktoField mktoFieldDescriptor" value="300049443.1728297013">
</form>

<form data-mkto-id="19277" data-mkto-base="//app-abj.marketo.com" data-munchkin-id="309-RHV-619" data-submit-text="" data-redirect-link="" data-prefill="" data-event-label="" data-lang-code="us" data-validate-email="1"
  class="mk-form__form marketo-form-block__form mktoForm mktoHasWidth mktoLayoutLeft" data-asset-type="Blogs Subscribe" novalidate="novalidate"
  style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); visibility: hidden; position: absolute; top: -500px; left: -1000px; width: 1600px;"></form>

<form data-mkto-id="19277" data-mkto-base="//app-abj.marketo.com" data-munchkin-id="309-RHV-619" data-submit-text="" data-redirect-link="" data-prefill="" data-event-label="" data-lang-code="us" data-validate-email="1"
  class="mk-form__form marketo-form-block__form mktoForm mktoHasWidth mktoLayoutLeft js-visible mkto-form-processed" data-asset-type="Blogs Subscribe" novalidate="novalidate"
  style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); width: 1600px; visibility: hidden; position: absolute; top: -500px; left: -1000px;"></form>

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Blog
Threat Insight
Security Brief: Actor Uses Compromised Accounts, Customized Social Engineering
to Target Transport and Logistics Firms with Malware


SECURITY BRIEF: ACTOR USES COMPROMISED ACCOUNTS, CUSTOMIZED SOCIAL ENGINEERING
TO TARGET TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS FIRMS WITH MALWARE

Share with your network!

September 24, 2024 The Proofpoint Threat Research Team


WHAT HAPPENED 

Proofpoint researchers are tracking a cluster of activity targeting
transportation and logistics companies in North America to deliver a variety of
different malware payloads.  

Notably, this activity leverages compromised legitimate email accounts that
belong to transportation and shipping companies. At this time, it is unclear how
the actor achieves access to the compromised accounts. The actor then injects
malicious content into existing conversations within the account’s inbox, which
makes the messages look legitimate. Proofpoint has identified at least 15
compromised email accounts used during these campaigns. 

Researchers have been tracking this activity cluster since late May 2024.
Activity which occurred from May to July 2024 predominately delivered Lumma
Stealer, StealC, or NetSupport. In August 2024, the threat actor changed tactics
by employing new infrastructure and a new delivery technique, as well as adding
payloads to deliver DanaBot and Arechclient2. 

Most campaigns use messages with Google Drive URLs leading to an internet
shortcut (.URL) file, or a .URL file attached directly to the message. If
executed, it uses SMB to access an executable from the remote share, which
installs the malware.   



Actor responds from a compromised account to a request within an ongoing
thread. 



Actor using a compromised account to post a malicious link to an ongoing
thread. 

Campaigns typically include less than 20 messages and impact a small number of
customers, all in the same transport/logistics industries in North America.  

In August 2024, the actor also began using the “ClickFix” technique to deliver
their malware. The messages contained URLs which directed users through various
dialogue boxes leading them to copy, paste, and run a Base64 encoded PowerShell
script contained within the HTML, a technique called "ClickFix." The scripts led
to an MSI file used to load DanaBot.   



Initial “ClickFix” dialogue box in which clicking the “Fix it” button copies a
Base64 encoded PowerShell script. 



Final “ClickFix” dialogue box with instructions to open Windows PowerShell and
paste and run the PowerShell script. 

While Proofpoint has observed this technique leveraged by other threat actors
impersonating Word or Chrome updates, these campaigns have impersonated Samsara,
AMB Logistic, and Astra TMS – software that would only be used in transport and
fleet operations management.   


ATTRIBUTION  

Proofpoint does not currently attribute this activity cluster to an identified
threat actor (TA). Similar techniques and infrastructure associated with
ClickFix and the combination of Google Drive URLs, .URL files, and SMB have been
observed used by other threat actors and campaigns. Proofpoint researchers
assess that the threat actor discussed in this Security Brief is purchasing this
infrastructure from third party providers.   

Based on the observed initial access activity, malware delivery, and
infrastructure, Proofpoint assesses with moderate confidence the activity aligns
with financially motivated, cybercriminal objectives. 


WHY IT MATTERS  

Threat actors are increasingly tailoring lures to be more realistic to entice
recipients to click on a link or download attachments. Compromising legitimate
email accounts and sending malicious links and attachments to an existing email
conversation achieves this goal and raises the risk that recipients will install
malware.   

The specific targeting and compromises of organizations within transportation
and logistics, as well as the use of lures that impersonate software
specifically designed for freight operations and fleet management, indicates
that the actor likely conducts research into the targeted company’s operations
before sending campaigns. The language used in the lures and content also
indicate familiarity with typical business workflows.  

This activity aligns with a trend Proofpoint researchers have observed across
the cybercriminal threat landscape. Threat actors are developing more
sophisticated social engineering and initial access techniques across the
delivery attack chain while relying more on commodity malware rather than
complex and unique malware payloads.  

Members of the transportation/logistics industry, and users in general, should
exercise caution with emails coming from known senders which deviate from normal
activity or content, particularly when combined with unusual looking links and
file types such as described in this Security Brief. In other words, emails that
do not look or feel right and trigger a sixth sense that something is off.   

When encountering such activity users should contact the sender using another
means to confirm their authenticity. 


INDICATORS OF COMPROMISE 

Indicator 

Description 

First Observed 

199d6f70f10c259ee09e99e6f1d7f127426999a0ed20536f2662842cd12b5431 

SHA256 
.URL file 

2024-05-22 

ac49ff207e319f79bbd9c80d044d621920d1340f4c53e5e4da39b2a0c758634e 

SHA256 
.URL file 

2024-07-01 

e7526dadae6b589b6a31f1f7e2e528ed1c9edd9f3d1ca88f0ece0dee349d3842 

SHA256 
.URL file 

2024-07-12 

e5ed1a273faf5174dbd8db9d6d3657b81dc2cbc2e0af28cfe76f41c3d2f2fc37 

SHA256 
.URL file 

2024-07-24 

f8b12e6d02ea5914e01f95b5665b3a735acfbb9ee6ae27b004af37547bc11e7f 

 

SHA256 
.URL file 

2024-08-05 

0931217eb498b677e2558fd30d92169cc824914c2df68cfbcff4f642600e2cc2 

 

SHA256 
.URL file 

2024-08-24 

582c69b52d68b513f2a137bbf14704df7d787b06752333fc31066669cd663d04 

 

SHA256 
.URL file 

2024-09-06 

hxxp://89[.]23[.]98[.]98/file/14242.exe 

URL 

Payload 

2024-05-22 

hxxp://89[.]23[.]98[.]98/file/ratecon.exe 

URL 

Payload 

2024-07-01 

hxxp://89[.]23[.]98[.]98/file/rate_confirmation.vbs 

URL 

Payload 

2024-07-12 

hxxp://89[.]23[.]98[.]98/file/Rateconfirm.exe 

URL 

Payload 

2024-07-24 

hxxp://89[.]23[.]98[.]98/file/carrier.exe 

URL 

Payload 

2024-08-05 

hxxp://185[.]217[.]197[.]84/file/remittance.exe 

URL 

Payload 

2024-08-24 

hxxp://185[.]217[.]197[.]84/file/information_package.exe 

URL 

Payload 

2024-09-06 

hxxps://live-samsaratrucking[.]com/true-tracking-32934.html 

URL 

ClickFix 

2024-08-19 

hxxp://ambcrrm[.]com/ 

 

URL 

ClickFix 

2024-09-03 

hxxps://ambccm[.]com/Astra/index.html 

URL 

ClickFix 

2024-09-10 

hxxps://idessit[.]com/fn.msi 

 

URL 

Danabot Payload 

2024-08-19 

hxxps://ambccm[.]com/3.msi 

URL 

Danabot Payload 

2024-09-05 

 

hxxps://ambcrrm[.]com/3.msi 

 

URL 

Danabot Payload 

2024-09-03 

957fe77d04e04ff69fdaff8ef60ac0de24c9eb5e6186b3187460eac6be561f5d 

 

SHA256 

14242.exe 

Suspected Lumma 

2024-06-14 

2436fe37d25712b68b2e1a9805825bcf5073efb91588c1b5193ba446d1edd319 

 

SHA256 

rate_confirmation.vbs 

Lumma  

2024-07-12 

 

8fe96fb9d820db0072fe0423c13d2d05f81a9cf0fdd6f4e2ee78dc4ca1d37618 

 

SHA256 

ratecon.exe 

StealC/NetSupport 

2024-07-24 

cdf160c63f61ae834670fdaf040411511dc2fc0246292603e7aa8cd742d78013 

 

SHA256 

Rateconfirm.exe 

StealC  

2024-07-25 

d45b6b04ac18ef566ac0ecdaf6a1f73d1c3164a845b83e0899c66c608154b93d 

SHA256 

carrier.exe 

Arechclient2 

2024-08-05 

fddacfe9e490250e62f7f30b944fcbe122e87547d01c4a906401049304c395f7 

 

SHA256 

fn.msi 

Danabot 

2024-08-19 

163dccdcaa7fdde864573f2aabe0b9cb3fdcdc6785f422f5c2ee71ae6c0e413a 

 

SHA256 

remittance.exe 

2024-08-24 

37f328fc723b2ddf0e7a20b57257cdb29fe9286cb4ffeaac9253cb3b86520235 

 

SHA256 

3.msi 

Danabot 

2024-09-03 

1a002631b9b2e685aeb51e8b6f4409daf9bc0159cfd54ef9ad3ba69d651ac2a3 

SHA256 

information_package.exe 

Lumma Stealer 

2024-09-06 

b94bcdf5d6b9f1eb6abe97090993e8c4f66b514dd9c51193f16673e842253d86 

SHA256 

information_package.exe 

StealC/NetSupport  

2024-09-10 

 

Analyst note: Proofpoint researchers identified overlap in infrastructure from
this threat cluster with suspected UAC-0050 activity but does not assess the
activity sets are related at this time.  

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www.proofpoint.com Open in urlscan Pro 2a02:e980:107::cf Public Scan

Form analysis 4 forms found in the DOM

Text Content

www.proofpoint.com Open in urlscan Pro
2a02:e980:107::cf Public Scan

Form analysis
4 forms found in the DOM