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Opinion |
VLADIMIR PUTIN IS NOT ADOLF HITLER, BUT THE ECHOES ARE GETTING LOUDER
The excuses Putin uses to justify his wars, his toolbox of threats, coercive
diplomacy, deception and Russian military force, are far too reminiscent of
Hitler’s tactics and rhetoric. Ukraine is the latest, but most extreme, example
Yossi Melman
Feb 27, 2022
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Russian President Vladimir Putin in St.Petersburg, Russia, January 27, 2022.
Credit: Alexei Nikolsky, Sputnik, Kremlin Pool Photo via AP
Yossi Melman
Feb 27, 2022
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Feb 27, 2022
Vladimir Putin is not Adolf Hitler. Even the worst and cruelest dictators of the
post war era cannot be compared to the Nazi dictator. Yet some of the measures
taken by the Russian president, in his decision to invade Ukraine, are
reminiscent of the tactics employed by the Nazi leader prior to September 1,
1939.
It’s called “salami slicing.” Using a toolbox of threats, coercive diplomacy,
military force and occasionally seduction, Putin, like Hitler, wants to change
the European status quo.
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Hitler was determined to cancel the 1919 Treaty of Versailles, which humiliated
Germany and tore off significant chunks of its territory. Putin seeks to change
the balance of power that was consolidated after the collapse of communism in
1991. He has been consistent, in words and in deed, in endeavoring to return to
the bipolarity of the Cold War, when two superpowers – the United States and the
Soviet Union – ruled the world, dividing it into spheres of influence.
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The United States and the European Union took advantage of the disintegration of
the Soviet Union and the weakness of the first Russian president, Boris Yeltsin.
NATO absorbed former communist bloc countries and expanded its presence near the
Russian borders.
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Yet the inclusion of Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Bulgaria, Romania,
Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia was motivated not by a Western expansionist whim
and a desire for diplomatic, military and economic influence, but rather by the
genuine desire of the people in eastern and central Europe and the Baltic region
to be independent, free democracies and part of Western values.
Open gallery view
A pro-Ukraine demonstration in Prague yesterday, with a protester holding a
placard brandishing Russian President Vladimir Putin a "killer."Credit: MICHAL
CIZEK - AFP
Putin’s grand strategy to return Russia to its glorious imperial and Soviet
Union days and reestablish it as a superpower began more than a decade ago,
after he brutally suppressed the Chechen rebellion, with his typical immoral
cynicism. Thus, he reversed the trend. It was the first time since the downfall
of communism that a military force put an end to people’s will and hopes for
independence within the borders of the former Soviet Union.
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Then Putin began systematically to consolidate his power and his personality
cult, to stabilize the nation and to rebuild the economy. He has done it by
sending his political rivals and dissidents to jail or exile or murdering them,
preferably with poison. He got rid of oligarchs with political ambitions, such
as Boris Berezovsky, Mikhail Khodorkovsky and his partner Leonid Nevzlin, who
threatened his power.
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In their place Putin anointed lackeys and favored oligarchs, such Oleg
Deripaska, Roman Abramovich, Igor Sechin and the Rotenberg family, one of whose
members is Putin’s former judo partner.
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Putin has a special talent for spotting the weaknesses of world leaders. In 2008
his army invaded Georgia and conquered the breakaway regions of Abkhazia and
South Ossetia. Putin gambled that his aggression would be tolerated, and he was
right. U.S. President George W. Bush, who was preoccupied with his wars in Iraq
and Afghanistan, together with the rest of the West, let it go.
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Six years later, Putin sensed the softness of a different U.S. administration –
this time of President Barack Obama. The Russian leader invaded Ukraine for the
first time, conquering the Crimean Peninsula, and the separatist region of
Donbas (Donetsk and Luhansk).
Open gallery view
A protester holds a picture depicting Russian President Vladimir Putin as
Adolf Hitler during a rally against Russia's invasion of Ukraine at Beyazid
district in Istanbul on SaturdayCredit: OZAN KOSE - AFP
Later, in 2015, he sent troops to Syria, reduced American influence and reshaped
the Middle East. Putin did so after realizing that the U.S. president’s
declarations of “red lines” and threats to use military force if the Syrian
dictator continued to use chemical weapons were just hollow talk.
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Since 2015 Israel has found itself challenged by the new reality of Russian
troops and fighter planes on its Golan Heights border. This is one of the main
reasons, albeit not morally justified, why Israel under former Prime Minister
Benjamin Netanyahu and his successor Naftali Bennett is so cautious in its
response to Putin’s new belligerence in Ukraine.
Obama and his vice president Joe Biden, as well as the EU, did impose sanctions
on Moscow after 2014, but they were mild and had practically no effect on
Russia’s economy. In their weak, almost submissive response, the U.S. and the
West sowed the seeds of Putin’s blatant aggression today.
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The excuses the Russian leader has used to justify his wars against Georgia and
Ukraine are reminiscent of Hitler’s fallacious rhetoric. Putin has talked about
Russian irredenta and the need to defend oppressed Russian minorities in Georgia
and Ukraine. He demands the creation of security zones along Russian borders in
Europe and uses military provocations in the disputed areas to accuse his
enemies.
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Just a reminder: Hitler dressed his troops in Polish uniforms in order to cause
violent clashes along the border as a justification to use military force to
achieve his strategic goals. He was not deterred by the bloodshed and suffering
inflicted on other nations and on his own people. Each time the world opposed
his whims, the Nazi dictator promised that his new demand would be the last,
only to rush to make new ones. In 1936, he unilaterally violated the Treaty of
Versailles by deploying his Wehrmacht troops in the demilitarized zone of the
Rhineland.
Open gallery view
Pro-Ukraine protesters demonstrating against Putin's invasion. Credit: Francisco
Seco/AP
The West did nothing, and Hitler’s appetite grew. In 1938 he declared the
Austrian Anschluss, that country’s annexation to the Third Reich, and the world
was silent. Six months later, threatening to unleash his army again, Hitler
convened the Munich Summit. In their naivety and fear of war, the British and
French Prime Ministers, Neville Chamberlain and Edouard Daladier, respectively,
were quick to appease Hitler. They gave him the Sudetenland without consulting
with Czechoslovakia, to which the region belonged. Chamberlain declared “peace
in our times,” only to realize that Hitler had lied to him. Within one year he
conquered the rest of Czechoslovakia, and on September 1, 1939 he invaded
Poland, launching World War II.
Kyiv is not Munich. But by means of appeasing diplomacy in the Chamberlain
style, Biden and the Western leaders will only strengthen Putin’s lust for
territorial gains. Russian ethnic minorities are also in the Baltic states,
which Putin would like to use as a launching pad for his further conquests.
Appeasing dictators is not the solution to a problem. It is the problem.
There are indeed signs that at last Biden, British Prime Minister Boris Johnson,
French President Emmanuel Macron and even the reluctant German Chancellor Olaf
Scholz understand this.
One can only hope that the sanctions already imposed and the ones still to come
will be sufficiently crippling and paralyzing to stop Putin from further
adventures that endanger the world.
It is not inconceivable that a determined and focused response from world
leaders will cause Putin, who like many dictators is isolated in his palace and
detached from reality, to realize that he has gone one bridge too far, and that
in invading Ukraine he made a historic miscalculation.
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